William Graham McIvor
William Graham McIvor (1824 or 1825 - 8 June 1876) was a Scottish gardener and superintendent of the Neilgherry Cinchona plantations in Ootacamund, India who was responsible for the successful introduction of cinchona plants in the Nilgiris in the 1860s.
McIvor was born in Dollar in Scotland where his father John had settled after working to establish a nursery garden at Crieff. McIvor trained in horticulture and arboriculture and worked at Kew before taking up in 1848, a position in southern India as superintendent of the yet to be established Ootacamund botanical garden. At Kew, McIvor took an interest in bryophytes and published an exsiccata of British hepatics under the title Hepaticae Britannicae, or, pocket herbarium of British Hepaticae, named and arranged according to the most improved system, by William Graham McIvor, Royal Gardens, Kew in 1847.[1] He established the botanical garden at Ootacamund and worked there until his death. He married Anne, eldest daughter of Colonel Edwards of Iscoed, Denbighshire on 31 May 1850.[2][3] McIvor received cinchona plants in 1861 that had been brought from South America by Clements Markham. The first set of plants died but later batches consisting of other species (especially Cinchona succirubra) did well.[4] McIvor found that removing strips of barks and allowing them to heal by covering them in moss improved the sustainability of harvesting bark from the trees.[5]
McIvor ran into troubles with the Madras Government on handling a subordinate who was given to drinking. He also faced labour shortages which were for a while solved by importing Chinese convicts from the Straits Settlements. The labour situation eased in 1877 due to the famine in the plains and an influx into the Niligiris.[6]
His funeral was attended by most government officers and among those present included Colonel R. H. Beddome.[3]
The standard author abbreviation McIvor is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[7]
References
- ^ "Hepaticae Britannicae, or, pocket herbarium of British Hepaticae, named and arranged according to the most improved system, by William Graham McIvor, Royal Gardens, Kew: IndExs ExsiccataID=817816576". IndExs – Index of Exsiccatae. Botanische Staatssammlung München. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
- ^ Account of The Clan-Iver. Aberdeen. 1873. p. 108.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Anonymous (1876). "Obituary". The Gardeners' Chronicle. 6: 150.
- ^ King, George (1880). A manual of Cinchona cultivation in India (2 ed.). Calcutta: Government Press. pp. 16–27.
- ^ Van Gorkom, Karel Wessel (1889). A handbook of Cinchona culture. London: Trubner & Co. p. 114.
- ^ Veale, Lucy (2010). An historical geography of the Nilgiri cinchona plantations, 1860-1900 (PhD). University of Nottingham.
- ^ International Plant Names Index. McIvor.
External links
- McIvor, William Graham (1863). Notes on the propagation and cultivation of the medicinal Cinchonas or Peruvian Bark Trees. Madras: United Scottish Press.
- Exploring the historical geography of the Nilgiri cinchona plantations
- Veale, Lucy (2010) An historical geography of the Nilgiri cinchona plantations, 1860-1900. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham.
- McIvor remembered The Hindu June 9, 2015
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