[go: nahoru, domu]
Jump to content

Bridge of Spies (film)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Zebrasandrobots (talk | contribs) at 12:36, 24 December 2015 (→‎Development: fix the broken links). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Bridge of Spies
Theatrical release poster
Directed bySteven Spielberg
Written by
Produced by
  • Steven Spielberg
  • Marc Platt
  • Kristie Macosko Krieger
Starring
CinematographyJanusz Kamiński
Edited byMichael Kahn
Music byThomas Newman
Distributed by
Release dates
Running time
141 minutes[1][2]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$40 million[3]
Box office$132.5 million[4]

Bridge of Spies is a 2015 American historical drama-thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg from a screenplay written by Matt Charman and Ethan Coen and Joel Coen. The film stars Tom Hanks, Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda. Based on the 1960 U-2 incident during the Cold War, the film tells the story of lawyer James B. Donovan who is entrusted with negotiating the release of Francis Gary Powers—a pilot whose U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union—in exchange for Rudolf Abel, a captive Soviet KGB spy held under the custody of the United States.

Bridge of Spies was shot under the working title of St. James Place. Principal photography began on September 8, 2014, in Brooklyn, New York City and the production proceeded at Babelsberg Studios in Potsdam. The film was released by Touchstone Pictures on October 16, 2015 in North America and distributed by 20th Century Fox in other territories.[6] The name of the film refers to the Glienicke Bridge, which connects Potsdam with Berlin, where the spy exchange took place.

Plot

In 1957 Brooklyn, New York City, Rudolf Abel retrieves a secret message from a park bench and reads it just before FBI agents burst into his rented room. He prevents discovery of the message, but other evidence in the room leads to his arrest and prosecution as a Soviet spy.

James B. Donovan, a lawyer who specializes in insurance settlements, is asked by his partners to take on Abel's defense. The United States believe that Abel is a KGB spy, but want him to have a fair trial to reduce the Soviet Union's opportunity to use it for propaganda. Donovan meets with Abel in prison, where the Soviet agrees to accept his help. Abel refuses to cooperate with the US government on any revelations of the intelligence world.

Although Donovan takes his work seriously, no one—including the prosecuting attorneys, the judge, his firm, or his family—expects him to mount a strong defense of Abel. His efforts to seek acquittal are met with shock and anger by the American public; he is deluged with hate mail and his life is threatened, but he continues to fight.

Abel is found guilty of all charges, but Donovan convinces the judge to sentence him to 30 years imprisonment, rather than death, on the grounds that Abel may one day be valuable as a bargaining chip with the USSR. Donovan subsequently appeals to the U.S. Supreme Court that the evidence presented by the prosecution is tainted by an invalid search warrant, but loses 5–4.

In the meantime, Francis Gary Powers goes on a U-2 spy plane sortie over the Soviet Union, where he is shot down and captured. He is convicted and subjected to interrogation. Frederic Pryor, an American economics graduate student, visits his German girlfriend in East Berlin just as the Berlin Wall is being built. He tries to bring her back into West Berlin, but is stopped by border guards and arrested as a spy.

The USSR sends a backchannel message to Donovan, via a false letter to Abel from his "family", proposing a prisoner exchange: Abel for Powers. Donovan travels to Berlin to begin negotiations. He hears of Pryor's capture and insists on a 2-for-1 exchange instead. Although the CIA is interested only in Powers's return, it allows Donovan to negotiate for Pryor as well, on condition that the Abel-for-Powers deal is not jeopardized.

The East German government, which is holding Pryor, suddenly pulls out, insulted that Donovan did not inform them that the USSR was a party to the negotiation. The CIA wants to leave Pryor behind and finish the exchange. Donovan threatens East Germany by saying that unless Pryor is released, the entire deal will be scrapped, Abel could talk, and the USSR would blame East Germany for any damage. East Germany complies, and the exchange is conducted at the Glienicke Bridge and Checkpoint Charlie simultaneously, freeing the three men. Donovan gains credit for his achievement.

Cast

Production

Development

James Donovan wrote an account of the incident in 1964 under the title Strangers on a Bridge: The Case of Colonel Abel and Francis Gary Powers.[7] The historical background to the U-2 incident and the story of former West Berlin CIA chief William King Harvey and Operation Gold was published in Rory MacLean's Berlin: Portrait of a City Through the Centuries (2014).[8] Soviet intelligence officer Rudolf Abel lived and operated in Brooklyn Heights, and did dead drops of stolen documents in Prospect Park. His arrest and history were discussed by Truman Capote, another Heights resident at the time, in his book A House in the Heights.

Discussing this film on the blog page of the Russian International Affairs Council, an adjunct organization of the Russian Academy of Sciences, writer Eric Ehrmann noted that the English-born Soviet intelligence officer William G. Fisher (fake name "Abel", among others) most likely did his best work for the Soviet Union not as a spy in a dishoveled New York City lair full of radio gear, but before and during World War II, when Fisher trained agents and radio operators for clandestine work in Nazi-occupied regions. This training of operators is thought to have played an important role in what his mentor, Pavel Sudoplatov, later called some of the most important radio deception operations of the war.

Matt Charman became interested in Donovan's story after reading a footnote about him in An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963.[9] After meeting with Donovan's son in New York City, Charman pitched the story to several studios and DreamWorks bought it. Studio co-founder Steven Spielberg became interested in the film and decided to direct.[10] Marc Platt and Kristie Macosko Krieger attached themselves as producers along with Spielberg. Joel Coen and Ethan Coen revised Matt Charman's original script.[11] According to Charman, Joel and Ethan Coen "were able to really punch up the negotiations on the back end of the movie, then they handed the baton back to me to do a pass after they did their pass, to make the movie just sit in a place we all wanted it to. The flavor they brought is so fun and enjoyable. It needed to be entertaining but truthful."[9]

In June 2014, Fox 2000 Pictures agreed to co-finance the film with DreamWorks and Participant Media, with the film's distribution rights being divided between Disney and Fox.[12] During a March 3, 2015 interview with The Daily Pennsylvanian, Platt revealed the title to be Bridge of Spies; it was shot under the working title of St. James Place.[13]

In May 2014, it was announced that Tom Hanks would star as James Donovan, with Mark Rylance co-starring as Abel. Amy Ryan, Alan Alda, Billy Magnussen, and Eve Hewson were reported to star in the film as well.[14][15] Participant Media co-produced the film.[16] Francis Gary Powers, Jr., founder of The Cold War Museum and the pilot's son, was brought on as a technical consultant and has a cameo in the film.

Filming

Principal photography began on September 8, 2014, in Brooklyn, New York City.[17] On September 14, filming took place in DUMBO (neighborhood), where crews transformed Anchorage Street to a 1960s appearance.[18][19] On September 15, filming took place in Astoria, between Astoria Park and the Ditmars Boulevard. Filming was done on 18 Street and 26 Avenue in Astoria, where Spielberg was spotted transforming the 5 Corners Deli into a 1950s grocery store.[20][21][22] On September 26, filming took place on 44th Street in Manhattan, as evidenced by crews stationed on 44th Street, between Madison and 6th Avenues. On September 27, Hanks was spotted filming scenes on Wall Street among extras wearing 1960s costumes.[23] On September 28, filming of some day and night scenes took place on the corner of Henry Street and Love Lane in the Brooklyn Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn, where the block was set with vintage cars, street signs, rain machines, and spotlights.[24] On September 29, filming took place on Hicks Street and Pineapple Street, where a shop, Perfect Paws, was transformed into a 1960s dress shop named Brooklyn Pearl,[25] and at the NYS Appellate Division courthouse on Monroe Place and Pierrepont Street. On October 6, Hanks and the crew were spotted on the same location on Hicks Street.[26]

In early October, after filming wrapped in New York City, further production began at Babelsberg Studios in Berlin and Potsdam, Germany, and would last there through the end of November.[27][28] Filming in Berlin began with shooting at the former Tempelhof Airport in October, for scenes that actually took place there, such as Donovan's descending from an historic C-54 Skymaster.[29] A prisoner exchange scene was filmed on the Glienicke Bridge (the so-called "Bridge of Spies"), where the historical exchange actually took place in 1962.[30][31] The bridge spans the Havel narrows between Berlin and Potsdam, and was closed to traffic for filming over the last weekend of November.[32][33] German Chancellor Angela Merkel visited the set to watch the filming of these scenes.[34] Principal photography officially ended on December 4, at Berlin Tempelhof.

Shooting also took place in Wrocław, Poland, in the second half of November.[27][35] During mid-December, filming took place at Beale Air Force Base, located near Marysville, California.[36]

Release

Bridge of Spies was distributed in North America by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, through its Touchstone Pictures banner.[37][38] Disney held the film's world premiere on October 4, 2015[39] at the 53rd annual New York Film Festival.[40][41] The film went into general theatrical release in the United States on October 16, 2015.[42] 20th Century Fox distributed the film in the remaining international territories.[37]

The theatrical poster for the film was released on June 4, 2015,[43] with the first trailer appearing online the following day.[44]

Reception

Box office

As of December 17, 2015, Bridge of Spies has grossed $69.7 million in North America and $60.4 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $130.1 million, against a budget of $40 million.[4]

In the United States and Canada, pre-release tracking predicted Bridge of Spies to open to around $15–20 million from 2,811 theaters.[45][46] The film opened alongside Goosebumps, Crimson Peak, and Woodlawn on October 16, 2015, and also faced competition from The Martian, which was entering its third week.[47] The film made $500,000 from its early Thursday night showings and $5.3 million on its opening day.[48][49] In its opening weekend, the film grossed $15.4 million, finishing third at the box office behind Goosebumps ($23.5 million) and The Martian ($21.5 million).[50]

Its biggest international markets have been Australia and South Korea, where it made $1.3 million and $922,936 respectively on its opening weekend.[4]

Critical reception

Bridge of Spies has received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 91%, based on 229 reviews, with an average rating of 7.8/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Bridge of Spies finds new life in Hollywood's classic Cold War espionage thriller formula, thanks to reliably outstanding work from Steven Spielberg and Tom Hanks."[51] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 81 out of 100, based on 48 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[52] On CinemaScore, audiences gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[50]

A positive review came from Steve Pulaski of Influx Magazine, who gave the film a B and stated that the more meditative structure of the film "blended with some great, subtle period cinematography and a strong Hanks performance [makes] a fascinating adult drama that, while not as layered as it could be, is an enriching experience."[53] The A.V. Club's Ignatiy Vishnevetsky described it as "one of the most handsome movies of Spielberg’s latter-day phase, and possibly the most eloquent...Bridge Of Spies turns a secret prisoner exchange between the CIA and the KGB into a tense and often disarmingly funny cat-and-mouse game," concluding: "An ode to holding fast to moral principles, geopolitics be damned, becomes a hurrah for old-fashioned big-screen storytelling."[54]

Accolades

Award Category Recipient Result Ref.
American Film Institute Awards 2015 Top 10 Films of the Year Won [55]
73rd Golden Globe Awards Best Supporting Actor Mark Rylance Pending [56]
Indiana Film Journalists Association Awards Best Original Screenplay Matt Charman, Ethan & Joel Coen Pending [57]
Best Director Steven Spielberg Pending
Best Actor Tom Hanks Pending
Best Supporting Actor Mark Rylance Pending
National Board of Review Top Ten Films Won [58]
New York Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor Mark Rylance Won [59]
Online Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Mark Rylance Pending [60]
San Diego Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Mark Rylance Pending [61]
20th Satellite Awards Best Film Pending [62]
Best Director Steven Spielberg Pending
Best Original Screenplay Matt Charman, Ethan & Joel Coen Pending
Best Art Direction and Production Design Adam Stockhausen Pending
Best Film Editing Michael Kahn Pending
22nd Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Mark Rylance Pending [63]

Soundtrack

Untitled

Frequent Spielberg collaborator, John Williams, was originally announced to compose the film's score. However, Williams had to drop out of production due to a health issue.[37] Thomas Newman was then contacted by Spielberg to replace Williams, marking Spielberg's first film without Williams' music since 1985's The Color Purple.[64] Hollywood Records released the film's soundtrack on October 16, 2015.[65]

All music is composed by Thomas Newman

No.Title{{{extra_column}}}Length
1."Hall of Trade Unions, Moscow" 0:43
2."Sunlit Silence" 4:04
3."Ejection Protocol" 1:56
4."Standing Man" 2:11
5."Rain" 1:21
6."Lt. Francis Gary Powers" 3:04
7."The Article" 1:36
8."The Wall" 2:14
9."Private Citizen" 1:35
10."The Impatient Plan" 1:35
11."West Berlin" 1:12
12."Friedrichstrasse Station" 1:20
13."Glienicke Bridge" 10:51
14."Homecoming" 7:46
15."Bridge of Spies (End Title)"6:57 
Total length:48:25

See also

References

  1. ^ "BRIDGE OF SPIES (12A)". British Board of Film Classification. October 13, 2015. Retrieved October 13, 2015.
  2. ^ Debruge, Peter (October 4, 2015). "Film Review: 'Bridge of Spies'". Variety. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
  3. ^ Pamela McClintock (October 13, 2015). "Box-Office Preview: 'Goosebumps' Could Out-Spook 'Crimson Peak,' 'Bridge of Spies'". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved October 14, 2015.
  4. ^ a b c "Bridge of Spies (2015)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  5. ^ "Bridge of Spies Press Kit". wdsmediafile.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 14, 2015. Retrieved December 14, 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ Lang, Brent (March 18, 2015). "Spielberg-Hanks Cold War Film Titled 'Bridge of Spies,' John Williams Won't Compose Score". Variety. Retrieved March 19, 2015.
  7. ^ "BRIDGE OF SPIES (12A)". British Board of Film Classification. October 13, 2015. Retrieved October 13, 2015.
  8. ^ Debruge, Peter (October 4, 2015). "Film Review: 'Bridge of Spies'". Variety. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
  9. ^ a b Bloomenthal, Andrew (October 27, 2015). "Bridge of Spies: Spielberg, the Coens and Tom Hanks". Creative Screenwriting. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
  10. ^ Siegel, Tatiana (July 24, 2014). "Novice Screenwriter on Selling His First Script to Steven Spielberg: 'Exhilarating and Nerve-Racking'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved November 5, 2014.
  11. ^ "Four Cast in Steven Spielberg's Untitled Cold War Spy Thriller". Dreamworks Studio. July 21, 2014. Retrieved November 5, 2014.
  12. ^ Ge, Linda (June 20, 2014). "Fox to Co-Finance Steven Spielberg's Cold War Thriller Starring Tom Hanks". The Wrap. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
  13. ^ CONNAUGHTON, CLARE (March 3, 2015). "Hollywood producer Marc Platt talks upcoming projects, Pitch Perfect and his time at Penn". The Daily Pennsylvanian. Retrieved March 4, 2015. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  14. ^ Bahr, Lindsey (June 16, 2014). "Steven Spielberg's Cold War thriller and 'The BFG' snag release dates". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
  15. ^ "Amy Ryan, Alan Alda Join Tom Hanks in Steven Spielberg's Cold War found Thriller". variety.com. July 21, 2014. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
  16. ^ "Participant Joins DreamWorks On Spielberg Cold War Pic & 'The Light Between Oceans'". deadline.com.
  17. ^ "Steven Spielberg's Untitled Cold War Thriller is filming in Brooklyn this weekend". onlocationvacations.com. September 12, 2014. Retrieved September 14, 2014.
  18. ^ Frost, Mary (October 7, 2014). "DUMBO transformed for Spielberg Film". brooklyneagle.com. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  19. ^ "Untitled Steven Spielberg Cold War movie films on Anchorage Street in DUMBO". news12.com. September 14, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2014.
  20. ^ megc. "Spielberg's "St. James Place" is Filming in Astoria". Weheartastoria.com. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
  21. ^ "Steven Spielberg spotted on the set of 'St James Place' in Astoria". onlocationvacations.com. September 16, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2014.
  22. ^ "Spielberg's "St. James Place" is Filming in Astoria". weheartastoria.com. September 14, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2014.
  23. ^ "PHOTOS: Tom Hanks shoots 'St. James Place' on Wall St". nydailynews.com. September 27, 2014. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  24. ^ Bindelglass, Evan (September 29, 2014). "Tom Hanks, Steven Spielberg Film 'St. James Place' In Brooklyn Heights". brooklynnews.net. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  25. ^ Fink, Homer (September 29, 2014). "Spielberg Transforms Perfect Paws into a 1960s Dress Shop and He Will Make It Rain Monday Night in Brooklyn Heights". brooklynheightsblog.com. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  26. ^ Croghan, Lore; Frost, Mary (October 7, 2014). "Tom Hanks lights up the night on Hicks Street". brooklyneagle.com. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  27. ^ a b Barraclough, Leo (October 23, 2014). "Steven Spielberg to Shoot Scenes for 'St. James Place' in Poland: Report". variety.com. Retrieved October 24, 2014.
  28. ^ Blaney, Martin (October 1, 2014). "Race producers plan to re-team". SCREENDAILY. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
  29. ^ "Hier wärmt sich Hanks für den Kalten Krieg auf (Tom Hanks is warming himself up here for the cold war)". BZ Berlin. October 26, 2014. Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  30. ^ "Glienicker Brücke als Filmkulisse". Berlin Steglitz-Zehlendorf. October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
  31. ^ "Pressrelease". Medienboard Berlin-Brandenburg. September 29, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
  32. ^ "Agentenaustausch an der Glienicker Brücke". Tagesspiegel. November 19, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  33. ^ "Pressrelease". Studio Babelsberg. November 18, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  34. ^ "Dreharbeiten - Merkel besucht Spielberg und Hanks auf Glienicker Brücke - Berlin - Aktuelle Nachrichten - Berliner Morgenpost" (in German). Morgenpost.de. November 28, 2014. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
  35. ^ "Spielberg to shoot spy thriller in Wroclaw". thenews.pl. October 22, 2014. Retrieved October 24, 2014.
  36. ^ "Action! Spielberg filming U-2 movie at Beale". appeal-democrat.com. December 18, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
  37. ^ a b c Labrecque, Jeff (March 18, 2015). "Steven Spielberg's Cold War thriller gets a title, but John Williams drops out". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 19, 2015.
  38. ^ Keegan, Rebecca (October 9, 2015). "Spielberg, Hanks and Rylance talk about the Cold War, geopolitics and 'Bridge of Spies'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  39. ^ Hammond, Pete. "As New York Film Festival Opens, How Is Oscar Race Taking Shape?". Deadline. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
  40. ^ "Spielberg-Coens Drama 'Bridge of Spies' Gets New York Film Festival Premiere". The New York Times. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
  41. ^ Tapley, Kristopher (October 4, 2015). "'Bridge of Spies' Could Bring Steven Spielberg a Step Closer to an Oscar Record". Variety. Retrieved October 26, 2015.
  42. ^ McNary, Dave (June 16, 2014). "Tom Hanks-Steven Spielberg Cold War Thriller Set for Oct. 16, 2015". Variety. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
  43. ^ Bullock, Paul (June 6, 2015). "Bridge of Spies poster revealed". From Director Steven Spielberg. Retrieved June 6, 2015.
  44. ^ Gettell, Oliver (June 5, 2015). "'Bridge of Spies' trailer: Spielberg, Hanks tackle Cold War intrigue". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
  45. ^ "'The Martian' may lose top spot in crowded weekend at box office". latines.com.
  46. ^ Brad Brevet (October 15, 2015). "Forecast: 'Goosebumps', 'Spies' & 'Crimson Peak' Jostle for Audience Attention". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved October 16, 2015.
  47. ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (October 14, 2015). "'Goosebumps' Set To Freak Out, But 'The Martian' Could Scare It Away – Box Office Preview". Deadline.com. Retrieved October 15, 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  48. ^ Rebecca Ford (October 16, 2015). "Box Office: 'Crimson Peak' Creeps to $855K, 'Goosebumps' Raises $600K Thursday Night". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 16, 2015.
  49. ^ Scott Mendelson (October 17, 2015). "Friday Box Office: 'Goosebumps' Tops With Scary Good $7.4M, 'Crimson Peak' Nabs Scary Bad $5.2M". Forbes. Retrieved October 18, 2015.
  50. ^ a b "'Goosebumps' Raises Hair At The B.O., While 'Crimson Peak's Recedes". deadline.com.
  51. ^ "Bridge of Spies". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved December 5, 2015.
  52. ^ "Bridge of Spies reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved November 25, 2015.
  53. ^ Pulaski, Steve. "Bridge of Spies (Review)". Influx Magazine. Influx Magazine.
  54. ^ "Steven Spielberg's superb Bridge Of Spies pits Tom Hanks against the Cold War". www.avclub.com. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
  55. ^ http://blog.afi.com/here-are-the-afi-awards-2015-official-selections/. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  56. ^ http://www.indiewire.com/article/full-list-of-golden-globe-film-and-television-nominations-20151210. Retrieved December 11, 2015. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  57. ^ The Indiana Film Journalists Association Begins Nominations Process for 2015 Awards
  58. ^ "National Board of Review Announces 2015 Winners". Rotten Tomatoes. December 1, 2015. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
  59. ^ "NEW YORK FILM CRITICS CIRCLE 2015 WINNERS ANNOUNCED". Rotten Tomatoes. December 2, 2015. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  60. ^ “Carol” and “Sicario” Lead the 19th OFCS Nominations
  61. ^ “2015 San Diego Film Critics Society’s Award Nominations
  62. ^ "Satellite Awards Nominees Unveiled". Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  63. ^ http://www.people.com/article/sag-awards-nominations-2016-screen-actors-guild. Retrieved December 10, 2015. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  64. ^ Grieving, Tim (October 17, 2015). "When John Williams Can't Go, Whom Does Spielberg Call? Thomas Newman". NPR. Retrieved October 26, 2015.
  65. ^ "'Bridge of Spies' Soundtrack Details". Film Music Reporter. September 30, 2015. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bridge of Spies (film).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bridge_of_Spies_(film)&oldid=696625170"