List of prime ministers of Turkey
Appearance
(Redirected from List of Prime Ministers of Turkey)
- Top left: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was Turkey's first Prime Minister and later first President.
- Top right: İsmet İnönü was Turkey's longest-serving Prime Minister.
- Bottom left: Tansu Çiller was Turkey's first female Prime Minister.
- Bottom right: Before becoming President, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was Prime Minister for more than ten years.
The position of Prime Minister of Turkey was established in 1920, during the Turkish War of Independence. The prime minister was the head of the executive branch of the government along with the Cabinet. Following the 2017 constitutional referendum, the office of prime minister was abolished and the President became the head of the executive branch after the 2018 general election.
For a list of grand viziers of the predecessor Ottoman Empire, see List of Ottoman grand viziers.
List of prime ministers (1920–2018)
[edit]Heads of the Government of the Grand National Assembly (1920–1923)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Election (Parliament) |
Term of office | Political party | Cabinet | Speaker (Term) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||||
1 | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938) |
1920 (1st) | 3 May 1920 | 24 January 1921 | 266 days | Association for Defence of National Rights | Atatürk | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1920–1923) | ||
2 | Fevzi Çakmak (1876–1950) |
— (1st) | 24 January 1921 | 19 May 1921 | 1 year, 166 days | Association for Defence of National Rights | Çakmak I | |||
19 May 1921 | 9 July 1922 | Çakmak II | ||||||||
3 | Rauf Orbay (1881–1964) |
— (1st) | 12 July 1922 | 4 August 1923 | 1 year, 23 days | Association for Defence of National Rights | Orbay | |||
4 | Fethi Okyar (1880–1943) |
— (1st) | 14 August 1923 | 27 October 1923 | 74 days | Association for Defence of National Rights | Okyar |
Prime Ministers of the Republic of Turkey (1923–2018)
[edit]- Status
Denotes acting prime minister
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Election (Parliament) |
Term of office | Political party | Cabinet | President (Term) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||||
1 | İsmet İnönü (1886–1973) |
1923 (2nd) | 30 October 1923 | 6 March 1924 | 1 year, 23 days | Republican People's Party | İnönü I | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1923–1938) | ||
— (2nd) | 6 March 1924 | 22 November 1924 | İnönü II | |||||||
2 | Fethi Okyar (1880–1943) |
— (2nd) | 22 November 1924 | 6 March 1925 | 104 days | Republican People's Party | Okyar | |||
(1) | İsmet İnönü (1886–1973) |
— (2nd) | 6 March 1925 | 1 November 1927 | 12 years, 240 days | Republican People's Party | İnönü III | |||
1927 (3rd) | 1 November 1927 | 27 September 1930 | İnönü IV | |||||||
— (3rd) | 27 September 1930 | 4 May 1931 | İnönü V | |||||||
1931 (4th) | 4 May 1931 | 1 March 1935 | İnönü VI | |||||||
1935 (5th) | 1 March 1935 | 1 November 1937 | İnönü VII | |||||||
3 | Celâl Bayar (1883–1986) |
— (5th) | 1 November 1937 | 11 November 1938 | 1 year, 85 days | Republican People's Party | Bayar I | |||
— (5th) | 11 November 1938 | 25 January 1939 | Bayar II | İsmet İnönü (1938–1950) | ||||||
4 | Refik Saydam (1881–1942) |
— (5th) | 25 January 1939 | 3 April 1939 | 3 years, 164 days | Republican People's Party | Saydam I | |||
1939 (6th) | 3 April 1939 | 8 July 1942 (Died in office) |
Saydam II | |||||||
5 | Şükrü Saracoğlu (1887–1953) |
— (6th) | 8 July 1942 | 9 March 1943 | 4 years, 29 days | Republican People's Party | Saracoğlu I | |||
1943 (7th) | 9 March 1943 | 7 August 1946 | Saracoğlu II | |||||||
6 | Recep Peker (1889–1950) |
1946 (8th) | 7 August 1946 | 9 September 1947 | 1 year, 33 days | Republican People's Party | Peker | |||
7 | Hasan Saka (1885–1960) |
— (8th) | 9 September 1947 | 10 June 1948 | 1 year, 128 days | Republican People's Party | Saka I | |||
— (8th) | 10 June 1948 | 16 January 1949 | Saka II | |||||||
8 | Şemsettin Günaltay (1883–1961) |
— (8th) | 16 January 1949 | 22 May 1950 | 1 year, 126 days | Republican People's Party | Günaltay | |||
9 | Adnan Menderes (1899–1961) |
1950 (9th) | 22 May 1950 | 9 March 1951 | 10 years, 5 days | Democrat Party | Menderes I | Celâl Bayar (1950–1960) | ||
— (9th) | 9 March 1951 | 17 May 1954 | Menderes II | |||||||
1954 (10th) | 17 May 1954 | 9 December 1955 | Menderes III | |||||||
— (10th) | 9 December 1955 | 25 November 1957 | Menderes IV | |||||||
1957 (11th) | 25 November 1957 | 27 May 1960[a] | Menderes V | |||||||
10 | Cemal Gürsel (1894–1966) |
— | 27 May 1960 | 5 January 1961 | 1 year, 152 days | Military | Gürsel I | National Unity Committee (1960–1961) | ||
— | 5 January 1961 | 27 October 1961 | Gürsel II | |||||||
(1) | İsmet İnönü (1886–1973) |
1961 (12th) | 27 October 1961 | 25 June 1962 | 3 years, 92 days | Republican People's Party | İnönü VIII | Cemal Gürsel (1961–1966) | ||
— (12th) | 25 June 1962 | 25 December 1963 | İnönü IX | |||||||
— (12th) | 25 December 1963 | 20 February 1965 | İnönü X | |||||||
11 | Suat Hayri Ürgüplü (1903–1981) |
— (12th) | 20 February 1965 | 27 October 1965 | 249 days | Independent | Ürgüplü | |||
12 | Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
1965 (13th) | 27 October 1965 | 3 November 1969 | 5 years, 150 days | Justice Party | Demirel I | |||
1969 (14th) | 3 November 1969 | 6 March 1970 | Demirel II | Cevdet Sunay (1966–1973) | ||||||
— (14th) | 6 March 1970 | 26 March 1971[b] | Demirel III | |||||||
13 | Nihat Erim (1912–1980) |
— (14th) | 26 March 1971 | 11 December 1971 | 1 year, 22 days | Independent | Erim I | |||
— (14th) | 11 December 1971 | 17 April 1972 | Erim II | |||||||
14 | Ferit Melen (1906–1988) |
— (14th) | 17 April 1972 | 15 April 1973 | 363 days | Republican Reliance Party | Melen | |||
15 | Naim Talu (1919–1998) |
1973 (15th) | 15 April 1973 | 25 January 1974 | 285 days | Independent | Talu | Fahri Korutürk (1973–1980) | ||
16 | Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006) |
— (15th) | 25 January 1974 | 17 November 1974 | 296 days | Republican People's Party | Ecevit I | |||
17 | Sadi Irmak (1906–1990) |
— (15th) | 17 November 1974 | 31 March 1975 | 134 days | Independent | Irmak | |||
(12) | Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
— (15th) | 31 March 1975 | 21 June 1977 | 2 years, 82 days | Justice Party | Demirel IV | |||
(16) | Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006) |
1977 (16th) | 21 June 1977 | 21 July 1977 | 30 days | Republican People's Party | Ecevit II | |||
(12) | Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
— (16th) | 21 July 1977 | 5 January 1978 | 168 days | Justice Party | Demirel V | |||
(16) | Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006) |
— (16th) | 5 January 1978 | 12 November 1979 | 1 year, 311 days | Republican People's Party | Ecevit III | |||
(12) | Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
— (16th) | 12 November 1979 | 12 September 1980[c] | 305 days | Justice Party | Demirel VI | |||
18 | Bülend Ulusu (1922–2015) |
— | 21 September 1980 | 13 December 1983 | 3 years, 83 days | Military | Ulusu | National Security Council (1980–1982) | ||
— | Kenan Evren (1982–1989) | |||||||||
19 | Turgut Özal (1927–1993) |
1983 (17th) | 13 December 1983 | 21 December 1987 | 5 years, 322 days | Motherland Party | Özal I | |||
1987 (18th) | 21 December 1987 | 9 November 1989 | Özal II | |||||||
20 | Yıldırım Akbulut (1935–2021) |
— (18th) | 9 November 1989 | 23 June 1991 | 1 year, 226 days | Motherland Party | Akbulut | Turgut Özal (1989–1993) | ||
21 | Mesut Yılmaz (1947–2020) |
— (18th) | 23 June 1991 | 20 November 1991 | 150 days | Motherland Party | Yılmaz I | |||
(12) | Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
1991 (19th) | 20 November 1991 | 16 May 1993 | 1 year, 177 days | True Path Party | Demirel VII | |||
22 | Tansu Çiller (born 1946) |
— (19th) | 25 June 1993 | 5 October 1995 | 2 years, 255 days | True Path Party | Çiller I | Süleyman Demirel (1993–2000) | ||
— (19th) | 5 October 1995 | 30 October 1995 | Çiller II | |||||||
— (19th) | 30 October 1995 | 6 March 1996 | Çiller III | |||||||
(21) | Mesut Yılmaz (1947–2020) |
1995 (20th) | 6 March 1996 | 28 June 1996 | 114 days | Motherland Party | Yılmaz II | |||
23 | Necmettin Erbakan (1926–2011) |
— (20th) | 28 June 1996 | 30 June 1997[d] | 1 year, 2 days | Welfare Party | Erbakan | |||
(21) | Mesut Yılmaz (1947–2020) |
— (20th) | 30 June 1997 | 11 January 1999 | 1 year, 195 days | Motherland Party | Yılmaz III | |||
(16) | Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006) |
— (20th) | 11 January 1999 | 28 May 1999 | 3 years, 311 days | Democratic Left Party | Ecevit IV | |||
1999 (21st) | 28 May 1999 | 18 November 2002 | Ecevit V | Ahmet Necdet Sezer (2000–2007) | ||||||
24 | Abdullah Gül (born 1949) |
2002 (22nd) | 18 November 2002 | 14 March 2003 | 116 days | Justice and Development Party | Gül | |||
25 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 1954) |
— (22nd) | 14 March 2003 | 29 August 2007 | 11 years, 167 days | Justice and Development Party | Erdoğan I | |||
2007 (23nd) | 29 August 2007 | 6 July 2011 | Erdoğan II | Abdullah Gül (2007–2014) | ||||||
2011 (24th) | 6 July 2011 | 29 August 2014 | Erdoğan III | |||||||
26 | Ahmet Davutoğlu (born 1959) |
— (24th) | 29 August 2014 | 28 August 2015 | 1 year, 269 days | Justice and Development Party | Davutoğlu I | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (2014–2018) | ||
Jun. 2015 (25th) | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 | Davutoğlu II | |||||||
Nov. 2015 (26th) | 17 November 2015 | 24 May 2016 | Davutoğlu III | |||||||
27 | Binali Yıldırım (born 1955) |
— (26th) | 24 May 2016 | 9 July 2018 | 2 years, 46 days | Justice and Development Party | Yıldırım |
Notes
[edit]- ^ Deposed in the 1960 Turkish coup d'état.
- ^ Resigned after the 1971 Turkish military memorandum.
- ^ Deposed in the 1980 Turkish coup d'état.
- ^ Resigned after the 1997 Turkish military memorandum.