Gulf of İzmit (Turkish: İzmit Körfezi), also referred to as Izmit Bay, is a bay at the easternmost edge of the Sea of Marmara, in Kocaeli Province, Turkey. The gulf takes its name from the city of İzmit. Other cities and towns around the bay are Gebze, Körfez, Gölcük, and Altınova.
In the east–west direction, it extends for a length of about 48 kilometres (30 mi), while in the north–south direction its width varies from 2 to 3 kilometres (1.2 to 1.9 mi) at the narrowest spots to about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) at its widest. The İzmit Bay Bridge is a suspension bridge that bridges the gulf.
The North Anatolian Fault Zone, the most prominent active fault in Turkey and the source of numerous large earthquakes throughout history, passes through the Gulf of İzmit.[1]
Etymology
editIzmit’s ancient names were Gulf of Astacus, Sinus Astacenus (Ancient Greek: Ἀστακηνὸς κόλπος),[2] Olbianus Sinus (Ancient Greek: Ὀλβιανὸς κόλπος, romanized: Olbianos kolpos)[3] and Gulf of Nicomedia.[4]
It took the names Gulf of Astacus and Sinus Astacenus from the city Astacus.[5][6]
See also
edit- Astacus in Bithynia
- Nicomedia (modern İzmit) – the eastern and most senior capital of the Roman Empire during the Tetrarchy system
- İzmit
- İzmit Bay Bridge
- İzmit Körfez Circuit
References
edit- ^ "North Anatolian Fault Zone". Archived from the original on 2006-09-05. Retrieved 2006-08-04.
- ^ Niketas Choniates, Annals, §530
- ^ "İzmit Körfezi, Turkey - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates".
- ^ AnadoluJet Magazine: "Kocaeli the Heart of the Gulf of İzmit", by Hasan Mert Kaya, January 2012.
- ^ Strabo, Geography, §12.4.2
- ^ Pliny the Elder, Natural History, §5.43.1
External links
edit40°44′N 29°39′E / 40.74°N 29.65°E
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