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Banks, referring to an unpublished paper by [[Horace Krever]], a justice of the High Court of Justice and Court of Appeal for Ontario,{{Sfn|Moore|2014|p=241}} says that "the structure of the Supreme Court of Ontario remained pretty much the same from 1931 until April 1972".{{Sfn|Banks|1983|pp=533, 563n175}} On 17 April 1972, a 1970 statute came into force implementing the recommendation in the [[McRuer commission|McRuer report]] (1968), a review of the Ontario court system, that the Divisional Court be created.{{Sfn|Banks|1983|p=535}} The Divisional Court had then, and still has, a complex statutory appellate and judicial review jurisdiction.{{Sfn|Banks|1983|p=535}}<ref>{{Cite book|last=Friedman|first=Tamar|title=Civil Procedure and Practice in Ontario|date=2021-06-19|publisher=Canadian Legal Information Institute|editor-last=Semple|editor-first=Noel|chapter=Divisional Court (Courts of Justice Act, ss 18–21)|id=2021 CanLIIDocs 2074|chapter-url=https://www.canlii.org/en/commentary/doc/2021CanLIIDocs2074}}</ref>
The ''Courts of Justice Act'', which presently constitutes Ontario's courts,<ref>{{Cite web|title=History of the Court|url=https://www.ontariocourts.ca/scj/about/history/
Special criminal courts for Indigenous offenders, known as ''Gladue'' courts following the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in ''[[R v Gladue]]'' and sometimes as Indigenous persons courts,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bruineman|first=Marg|date=2018-04-30|title=More Indigenous courts open across province|work=Law Times|url=https://www.lawtimesnews.com/news/legal-analysis/more-indigenous-courts-open-across-province/263023|access-date=2021-10-07}}</ref> have existed in Ontario since 2001, when the first such court was established in Toronto.<ref name=maurutto2016>{{Cite journal|last1=Maurutto|first1=Paula|last2=Hannah-Moffat|first2=Kelly|date=2016-12-20|title=Aboriginal Knowledges in Specialized Courts: Emerging Practices in ''Gladue'' Courts|journal=[[Canadian Journal of Law and Society]]|language=en|volume=31|issue=3|pages=451–471|doi=10.1017/cls.2016.35|s2cid=151316248|issn=0829-3201}}</ref> These courts apply the criminal law of Canada but follow different sentencing principles for Indigenous offenders.<ref name=maurutto2016/> These principles emphasize [[Alternatives to imprisonment|alternatives to incarceration]] and the distinctive history of [[Indigenous peoples in Canada]].<ref name=maurutto2016/> ''Gladue'' courts do not conduct criminal trials, but may be involved in sentencing or bail hearings.{{sfn|Bakht|2005|p=240}}
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