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{{cite book | url = http://www.intel.com/Assets/PDF/manual/253668.pdf | title = Intel(R) 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 3A: System Programming Guide, Part 1 | at = chapter 9.11: "Microcode update facilities" | date = December 2009}}</ref> starting with the [[Pentium Pro]] in 1995.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Gwennap |first=Linley |date=1997-09-15 |title=P6 Microcode can be Patched |url=https://www.ele.uva.es/~jesman/BigSeti/ftp/Cajon_Desastre/MPR/111204.pdf |magazine=[[Microprocessor Report]] |access-date=2017-06-26 }}</ref><ref name="Stiller_1996"/>
This has allowed bugs in the [[Intel Core 2]] microcode and Intel [[Xeon]] microcode to be fixed in software, rather than requiring the entire chip to be replaced.
Such fixes can be installed by Linux,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://urbanmyth.org/microcode/|title=Intel Microcode Update Utility for Linux|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226174302/http://urbanmyth.org/microcode/|archive-date=2012-02-26}}</ref> [[FreeBSD]],<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2018-March/052359.html |title=New microcode updating tool for FreeBSD |author=Stefan Blachmann |mailing-list=freebsd-hackers |date=2018-03-02 |access-date=2019-07-09}}</ref> Microsoft Windows,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://support.microsoft.com/kb/936357| title = A microcode reliability update is available that improves the reliability of systems that use Intel processors
===Timing, latching and avoiding a race condition===
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