Calocedrus: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|Genus of conifers.conifer trees}}

{{italictitleItalic title}}

| image_caption = ''Calocedrus decurrens''<br />California incense cedar

| synonyms = ''Heyderia'' <small>K.Koch, illegitimate1873 homonymnon Link 1833</small>

[[File:Incense Cedar in Lassen VNP.jpg|upright=0.9|thumb|California incense cedar, in [[Lassen Volcanic National Park.]].]]

'''''Calocedrus''''', the '''incense cedar''' (alternatively spelled '''incense-cedar'''), is a [[genus]] of [[conifer]]ous [[tree]]s in the cypress family [[Cupressaceae]] first described as a genus in 1873.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Kurz |first=Wilhelm Sulpiz |author-link=Wilhelm Sulpiz Kurz |date=1873 |title=On a few new plants from Yunan |journal=Journal of Botany, British and Foreign |volume=11 |page=[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34838059 196] |oclc=1642195}}</ref><ref>{{Tropicos|40035335|Calocedrus|Kurz}}</ref> ItThree isspecies are native to [[East Asia|eastern Asia]] and one to western [[North America]].<ref name=c>{{WCSP|382423|Calocedrus}}</ref>

The genus is related to the ''[[Thuja]]'', and has similar overlapping scale-leaves. ''Calocedrus'' differs from ''Thuja'' in the scale leaves being in apparent whorls of four (actually opposite decussate pairs like ''Thuja'', but not evenly spaced apart as in ''Thuja'', instead with the successive pairs closely then distantly spaced), and in the [[conifer cone|cones]] having just 2–3 pairs of moderately thin, erect scales, rather than 4–6 pairs of very thin scales in ''Thuja''.

===Extant Speciesspecies===

|[[File:Calocedrus decurrens (young female cones).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Calocedrus decurrens]]'', California incense cedar (syn. ''Libocedrus decurrens'') || It is a large tree, typically reaching heights of 40–60 m and a trunk diameter of up to 3 m (maxima, 69 m tall and 3.9 m diameter), and with a broad conic crown of spreading branches. The leaves are bright green on both sides of the shoots, and the cones 2–2.5&nbsp;cm long. It is by far the most widely known species in the genus, and is often simply called "incense cedar" without the regional qualifier. ||western [[North America]]

|[[File:Calocedrus macrolepis kz1.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Calocedrus macrolepis]]'', Chinese incense cedar ||It is also a medium-size tree to 25–30 m tall, and like ''C. formosana'', is rare in the wild. The leaves and cones are similar to ''C. formosana'', differing most obviously in the shorter cone stem, only 0.5&nbsp;cm long.<ref>{{eFloras|2|200005406|Calocedrus macrolepis |first1=Liguo |last1=Fu |first2=Yong-fu |last2=Yu |first3=Robert P. |last3=Adams |first4=Aljos |last4=Farjon |volume=4}}</ref> ||southwest [[China]] (from [[Guangdong]] west to [[Yunnan]]), and also in northern [[Vietnam]], northern [[Laos]], extreme northern [[Thailand]] and northeastern [[Myanmar]] (Burma)

| ||''[[Calocedrus rupestris]]'' || The most recently discovered living species of ''Calocedrus'', first described in 2004. It occurs exclusively on rocky limestone ([[karst]]) terrain, a habitat that has a very high level of endemism. The close proximity of these populations to the [[China|Chinese]] and [[Laos|Laotian]] borders indicates that the species may occur in those countries as well. It is an evergreen, monoecious tree up to 25 m tall with a broadly rounded crown. The epithet "rupestris" means "rock-dwelling".<ref>Averyanov, H.T. Nguyen & L.K. Phan. Issues of Basic Research in Life Sciences with direction in upland agriculture and forestry. Proceedings, the 2004th [sic] National Conference on Life Sciences Thai Nguyen University, September 23, 2004 41–43, 1.</ref><ref>{{WCSP|381482|Calocedrus rupestris}}</ref> ||Vietnam

===Extinct Speciesspecies===

|{{extinct}}''[[Calocedrus suleticensis]]'' ||known from [[fossil]]s found in the [[Early Oligocene]] of [[Proboštov|Probostov]] (Holy Kluk Hill) in the volcanic complex of the Ceske stredohori Mts., [[Bohemia]]. ''Calocedrus suleticensis'' is known from a cone. ||[[BohemiaCzech Republic]]

[[Category:Trees of theNorthern Western United StatesAmerica]]