Carlsbad, New Mexico: Difference between revisions

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|established_title = Founded

|population_total = 32238

|population_density_km2 = 394.94

|timezone = [[Mountain Standard Time Zone|MST]]

| utc_offset = −07:00

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Carlsbad is a hub for potash mining, petroleum production, and tourism. [[Carlsbad Caverns National Park]] is located {{convert|20|mi}} southwest of the city, and [[Guadalupe Mountains National Park]] lies {{convert|54|mi}} southwest across the [[Texas]] border. The [[Lincoln National Forest]] is to the northwest of town.

The development of southeastern New Mexico in the late 19th century was fueled by the arrival of colonies of immigrants from England, Switzerland, France, and Italy. Located along the banks of the Pecos River, Carlsbad was originally christened the town of Eddy on September 15, 1888, and organized as a municipal corporation in 1893; the settlement bore the name of Charles B. Eddy, co-owner of the Eddy-Bissell Livestock Company.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://communitylink.com/us/nm/carlsbad/profile/history.htm|title=History of Carlsbad|website=communitylink.com|access-date=April 3, 2018|archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20070312000000/http://communitylink.com/us/nm/carlsbad/profile/history.htm|archive-date=March 12, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref>

 

 

Most of Carlsbad's development was due to [[irrigation]] water. Local cattlemen recognized the value of diverting water from the Pecos River to the grazing lands on Eddy's Halagueno Ranch. Many construction projects were undertaken to establish an irrigation system within the town. The Avalon Dam was constructed upstream of town, and canals diverted the water into town.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sangres.com/newmexico/eddy/carlsbad.htm|title=Carlsbad, New Mexico|website=www.sangres.com|access-date=April 3, 2018}}</ref> Conflict arose when the canals met the river downstream; as a result, the [[Pecos River Flume]] was built, first out of wood and later concrete (the flume is often titled the only place where a river crosses itself).

In 1925, [[potash]] was discovered near Carlsbad, and for many years Carlsbad dominated the American potash market.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityofcarlsbadnm.com/AboutCarlsbad.cfm|title=About Carlsbad, NM|website=www.cityofcarlsbadnm.com|access-date=April 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317050307/http://www.cityofcarlsbadnm.com/AboutCarlsbad.cfm|archive-date=March 17, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> Following the decline of the potash market in the 1960s, the residents and leaders of Carlsbad lobbied for the establishment of the [[Waste Isolation Pilot Plant]] (WIPP), a site where [[low-level nuclear waste]] would be stored thousands of feet underground in salt beds. Congress authorized the WIPP project in 1979, and construction began in 1980. The [[United States Department of Energy|DOE]] Carlsbad Area Office opened in 1993, and the first waste shipment arrived in 1999.

 

 

{{wide image|Carlsbad,_NM_Panoramic.jpg|700px|Photo of Carlsbad from the top of C-Hill}}

 

 

 

 

[[Jonathan Livingston Seagull (film)|''Jonathan Livingston Seagull'']] (1973)<ref>{{Citation |title=Jonathan Livingston Seagull (1973) - Filming & production - IMDb |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0070248/locations/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |language=en-US}}</ref>

 

 

 

 

==Geography and climate==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], Carlsbad has a total area of {{convert|75.6|km2|order=flip}}; {{convert|74.9|km2|order=flip}} of the city is land, and {{convert|0.7|km2|order=flip|1}}, or 0.93%, is water. Most of the water within city limits consists of the [[Pecos River]] and Lake Carlsbad recreation area. The river flows into the northern part of Carlsbad, downstream from Lake Avalon and [[Brantley Lake]], passes east of downtown, and exits in the southeast. Dark Canyon Draw also runs through the southern part of town, but only drains during heavy rainfall.<ref>Dark Canyon Draw Water Report, United States Geological Survey http://wdr.water.usgs.gov/wy2011/pdfs/08405150.2011.pdf Retrieved September 7, 2012</ref>

 

of temperatures above {{convert|100|°F|0}} which can be unpleasant. Carlsbad is affected be the [[monsoon|North American

Monsoon]] during summer which can bring torrential downpours and flooding, which lowers daytime summer temperatures from the scorching great plains heat. Fall is generally warm and can be cold at times. Extreme temperatures ranges from {{convert|-16|°F|0}} on January 11, 1962, to {{convert|114|°F|0}} on June 28, 1994. 53 tornadoes have been reported in Eddy County since 1950.

 

{{Weather box

{{cite web

|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00291469&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL

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</ref>

{{cite web

|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=maf

==Demographics==

{{US Census population

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*<0.1% [[Pacific Islander American|Pacific Islander]]

*15.28% from [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#Race|other races]]

*42.5% of the population were [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics or Latinos]] (''of any race'')<ref name="demo">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL1.ST13&prodType=table |title=American FactFinder |publisher=Factfinder2.census.gov |date=October 5, 2010 |access-date=July 12, 2012}}{{dead link|bot=medic|date=April 2020}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

 

 

==Economy==

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===Mining===

 

==Education==

 

;Elementary schools

 

;Secondary schools

*Carlsbad Schools Library<ref name="Municipal Schools">{{cite web |title=Carlsbad Municipal Schools |url=https://www.carlsbadschools.net/o/CMSD |website=www.carlsbadschools.net |access-date=December 29, 2020 }}</ref>

 

;Private schools

 

;Colleges and universities

[[New Mexico State University]] has a branch campus located in Carlsbad, offering certificate, associate degree, bachelor's degree, and continuing education programs. NMSUC has a student population of approximately 2,000 and a staff of 104 faculty. Previously known as the Carlsbad Instructional Center, the campus was established in 1950 as the state's first community college. It was renamed a branch of NMSU in 1960.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cavern2.nmsu.edu/~nmsuc/nmsucmain/?page_id=378 |title=About Us &#124; NMSU Carlsbad |access-date=July 12, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104193801/http://cavern2.nmsu.edu/~nmsuc/nmsucmain/?page_id=378 |archive-date=November 4, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The present-day main building was built in 1980; an additional instruction center was added in 1987 and the computer facilities wing was completed in 1996. By 2011, the campus had added an additional building to house its nursing program, the Allied Health and University Transfer Center.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cavern2.nmsu.edu/~markpr/markprmain/Documents/newsletter/2011/OCC9_11.pdf|title=Allied Health Grand Opening Press Release|website=nmsu.edu|access-date=April 3, 2018}}{{Dead link|date=June 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

 

 

==Infrastructure==

===Transportation===

 

 

==Notable people==

*[[Shane Andrews]], [[Major League Baseball]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Shane Andrews arrested outside New Mexico night club |url=https://www.pennlive.com/patriotnewssports/2009/12/shane_andrews_arrested_in_new.html |work=[[The Patriot-News]] |agency=The Associated Press |date=December 16, 2009 |quote=Andrews is a former third baseman for the Montreal Expos who now coaches Little League in his hometown of Carlsbad.}}</ref>

* [[Dan Blocker]], actor who played "Hoss" Cartwright in the TV series ''[[Bonanza]]'', was a sixth-grade teacher and coach at Eddy Elementary School<ref>{{cite web |last1=Asher |first1=Matthew |title=Baseball, Bonanza and (track) blocks led to Billy Joe Thompson's Hall of Fame induction |url=https://www.currentargus.com/story/sports/2018/09/20/baseball-bonanza-and-track-blocks-led-thompsons-hof-induction/1370311002/ |website=Carlsbad Current-Argus |date=September 20, 2018 |quote=Dan Blocker, later known as Hoss Cartwright on the TV show Bonanza, was Thompson’s sixth-grade teacher at Eddy Elementary}}</ref>

* [[Bruce Cabot]], actor who played [[Jack Driscoll (character)|Jack Driscoll]] in the 1933 film ''[[King Kong (1933 film)|King Kong]]''; appeared in many of close friend [[John Wayne]]'s films<ref>{{cite web |title=Bruce Cabot, Film Actor, Dies; Played the Hero in 'King Kong' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/05/04/archives/bruce-cabot-film-actor-dies-played-the-hero-in-king-kong.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=May 4, 1972 |quote=The actor, whose real name was Jacques de Bujac, was born in Carlsbad, N. M.}}</ref>

* [[Sam Etcheverry]], professional football player in the [[National Football League]] and [[Canadian Football League]]<ref>{{cite web |title=DU Hall of Famer Sam Etcheverry Passes Away Over Weekend |url=https://denverpioneers.com/news/2009/8/31/DU_Hall_of_Famer_Sam_Etcheverry_Passes_Away_Over_Weekend |website=University of Denver Athletics |date=August 31, 2009 |quote=Born and raised just to the south of Colorado in Carlsbad, New Mexico}}</ref>

* [[F. Drew Gaffney]], [[Payload Specialist]] aboard [[STS-40]] and professor at [[Vanderbilt University]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Payload Specialist Astronaut Bio: Drew Gaffney |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/gaffney-fa.pdf |website=NASA}}</ref>

* [[Mark Jackson (quarterback)|Mark Jackson]], gridiron football player<ref>{{cite book |author1=Donna Blake Birchell |author2=Southeastern New Mexico Historical Society |title=Legendary Locals of Carlsbad |date=2015 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=978-1-4671-0226-1 |page=90 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u-XRCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA90}}</ref>

* [[Cody Ross]], [[Major League Baseball]] outfielder for the [[Arizona Diamondbacks]]<ref>{{cite web |title=NM Native Cody Ross's Wild Championship Ride |url=https://www.koat.com/article/nm-native-cody-ross-s-wild-championship-ride/5034692 |website=KOAT |date=November 19, 2010 |quote=Before Cody Ross was a World Series champion, he scored time and time again for the Carlsbad Cavemen.}}</ref>

* [[Barry Sadler]], author, musician, and decorated combat veteran; best known for series of novels focusing on [[Casca Rufio Longinius]] and for composing song "[[Ballad of the Green Berets]]".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Leepson |first1=Marc |title=Barry Sadler {{!}} Biography & Ballad of the Green Berets |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Barry-Sadler |website=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]] |date=November 1, 2020}}</ref>

* [[James Larkin White|Jim White]], discoverer and explorer of [[Carlsbad Caverns]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Weekend Explorer - Carlsbad, New Mexico - Jim White |url=https://www.pbs.org/weekendexplorer/newmexico/carlsbad/carlsbad_white.htm |website=PBS}}</ref>

*[[John Wooten]], [[National Football League]] played for the [[Cleveland Browns]] and [[Washington Redskins]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Simonich |first1=Milan |title=Desegregation launched Carlsbad's stars |url=https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/desegregation-launched-carlsbad-s-stars/article_36be4c8f-a3ad-5c91-a3c0-f497bf87ae99.html |website=Santa Fe New Mexican |date=May 2, 2019 |quote=He attended the Carver School for Negroes in Carlsbad.}}</ref>

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File:Carlsbad New Mexico Municipal Building.jpg|Carlsbad Municipal Building