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|established_title = Founded
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|population_total = 32238
|population_density_km2 = 394.94
|population_urban = 32,238
|timezone = [[Mountain Standard Time Zone|MST]]
| utc_offset = −07:00
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'''Carlsbad''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɑr|l|z|b|æ|d}} {{respell|KARLZ|bad}}) is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Eddy County, New Mexico|Eddy County]], [[New Mexico]], United States.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 |df=mdy }}</ref> As of the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]], the city population was 32,238.<ref name="USCensus2020" /> Carlsbad is centered at the intersection of [[U.S. Route 62 in New Mexico|U.S. Routes 62]]/[[U.S. Route 180|180]] and [[U.S. Route 285 in New Mexico|285]], and is the principal city of the Carlsbad-Artesia [[Micropolitan Statistical Area]], which has a total population of
Carlsbad is a hub for potash mining, petroleum production, and tourism. [[Carlsbad Caverns National Park]] is located {{convert|20|mi}} southwest of the city, and [[Guadalupe Mountains National Park]] lies {{convert|54|mi}} southwest across the [[Texas]] border. The [[Lincoln National Forest]] is to the northwest of town.
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The development of southeastern New Mexico in the late 19th century was fueled by the arrival of colonies of immigrants from England, Switzerland, France, and Italy. Located along the banks of the Pecos River, Carlsbad was originally christened the town of Eddy on September 15, 1888, and organized as a municipal corporation in 1893; the settlement bore the name of Charles B. Eddy, co-owner of the Eddy-Bissell Livestock Company.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://communitylink.com/us/nm/carlsbad/profile/history.htm|title=History of Carlsbad|website=communitylink.com|access-date=April 3, 2018|archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20070312000000/http://communitylink.com/us/nm/carlsbad/profile/history.htm|archive-date=March 12, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref>
With the commercial development of local mineral springs near the flume for medicinal qualities, the town later voted to change its name to Carlsbad after the famous European spa
Most of Carlsbad's development was due to [[irrigation]] water. Local cattlemen recognized the value of diverting water from the Pecos River to the grazing lands on Eddy's Halagueno Ranch. Many construction projects were undertaken to establish an irrigation system within the town. The Avalon Dam was constructed upstream of town, and canals diverted the water into town.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sangres.com/newmexico/eddy/carlsbad.htm|title=Carlsbad, New Mexico|website=www.sangres.com|access-date=April 3, 2018}}</ref> Conflict arose when the canals met the river downstream; as a result, the [[Pecos River Flume]] was built, first out of wood and later concrete (the flume is often titled the only place where a river crosses itself).
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In 1925, [[potash]] was discovered near Carlsbad, and for many years Carlsbad dominated the American potash market.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityofcarlsbadnm.com/AboutCarlsbad.cfm|title=About Carlsbad, NM|website=www.cityofcarlsbadnm.com|access-date=April 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317050307/http://www.cityofcarlsbadnm.com/AboutCarlsbad.cfm|archive-date=March 17, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> Following the decline of the potash market in the 1960s, the residents and leaders of Carlsbad lobbied for the establishment of the [[Waste Isolation Pilot Plant]] (WIPP), a site where [[low-level nuclear waste]] would be stored thousands of feet underground in salt beds. Congress authorized the WIPP project in 1979, and construction began in 1980. The [[United States Department of Energy|DOE]] Carlsbad Area Office opened in 1993, and the first waste shipment arrived in 1999.
Currently, Carlsbad has experienced a "boom". The city is leading in the production of oil and natural gases across the entire area, causing an increase in the employment rate. Due to this increase, families and individuals have begun to migrate to Carlsbad.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.developcarlsbad.org/index.aspx?NID=899|title=Carlsbad Department of Development, NM - Home Page - Eddy County Continues to Lead in Oil & Gas|website=www.developcarlsbad.org|access-date=April 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105062325/http://www.developcarlsbad.org/index.aspx?NID=899|archive-date=November 5, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{wide image|Carlsbad,_NM_Panoramic.jpg|700px|Photo of Carlsbad from the top of C-Hill}}
== Films based on or with the Carlsbad area as a location ==
[[File:Wikipedia-caverntheater-carlsbad-nm.JPG|thumb|The Cavern Theater]]▼
=== Films made in the City of Carlsbad ===
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=== Films based on the area or filmed in the area ===
[[File:Pat Boone, Peter Ronson, James Mason, Arlene Dahl, Journey to the Center of the Earth, 1959.jpg|thumb|''[[Journey to the Center of the Earth (1959 film)|Journey to the Center of the Earth]]'' (1959) with [[Pat Boone]], [[Peter Ronson]], [[James Mason]], and [[Arlene Dahl]] was filmed in the Carlsbad area, utilizing the [[Carlsbad Caverns National Park|Carlsbad Caverns]] as a filming location.]]
[[Gene Roddenberry]] (the creator of ''[[Star Trek]]'') created and produced the made-for-television film ''[[Genesis II (film)|Genesis II]]'' (1973), a science fiction film that starts with the main character having been in [[suspended animation]] in the [[Carlsbad Caverns National Park|Carlsbad Caverns]] at a point in the future.<ref>{{Citation |title=Table of Contents |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1d8hbgx.2 |work=Commentary on Genesis |pages=v–vi |access-date=2023-07-26 |publisher=Catholic University of America Press|doi=10.2307/j.ctt1d8hbgx.2 }}</ref>
The following films were film the Carlsbad area, with [[Carlsbad Caverns National Park]] as the main location:
''[[Journey to the Center of the Earth (1959 film)|Journey to the Center of the Earth]]'' (1959). Starring [[James Mason]] and [[Pat Boone]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Journey to the Center of the Earth (1959 film) |date=2023-05-17 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Journey_to_the_Center_of_the_Earth_(1959_film)&oldid=1155199575 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2023-07-26 |language=en}}</ref>
[[Jonathan Livingston Seagull (film)|''Jonathan Livingston Seagull'']] (1973)<ref>{{Citation |title=Jonathan Livingston Seagull (1973) - Filming & production - IMDb |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0070248/locations/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |language=en-US}}</ref>
''[[The Bat People]]'' (1974)<ref name="Bennett">{{Citation |
''[[Earth vs. the Spider]]'' (1958)<ref>{{Citation |title=Earth vs. the Spider |date=2023-07-12 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Earth_vs._the_Spider&oldid=1164955670 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2023-07-26 |language=en}}</ref>
''[[King Solomon's Mines (1950 film)|King Solomon's Mines]]'' (1950) <ref name="Bennett" />
==Geography and climate==
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According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], Carlsbad has a total area of {{convert|75.6|km2|order=flip}}; {{convert|74.9|km2|order=flip}} of the city is land, and {{convert|0.7|km2|order=flip|1}}, or 0.93%, is water. Most of the water within city limits consists of the [[Pecos River]] and Lake Carlsbad recreation area. The river flows into the northern part of Carlsbad, downstream from Lake Avalon and [[Brantley Lake]], passes east of downtown, and exits in the southeast. Dark Canyon Draw also runs through the southern part of town, but only drains during heavy rainfall.<ref>Dark Canyon Draw Water Report, United States Geological Survey http://wdr.water.usgs.gov/wy2011/pdfs/08405150.2011.pdf Retrieved September 7, 2012</ref>
Carlsbad is part of the Interior West climate zone.<ref>STRATUM Climate Zones, United States Forest Service http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/programs/cufr/images/ncz_map.jpg Retrieved March 21, 2010</ref> It is classified as [[Hot semi-arid climate|hot semi-arid]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''BSh''), meaning average annual precipitation is less than [[Evapotranspiration#Potential evapotranspiration|potential evapotranspiration]], but more than half. A moderate amount of rain falls each year, with the maximum occurring during July. Winters in Carlsbad are dry and mild, below freezing temperatures are a common occurrence at night. Springs are warm but can be occasionally hot. Summers are very hot which is very common for southern Plains of New Mexico and [[West Texas]] and average around 35 days per year
of temperatures above {{convert|100|°F|0}} which can be unpleasant. Carlsbad is affected be the [[monsoon|North American
Monsoon]] during summer which can bring torrential downpours and flooding, which lowers daytime summer temperatures from the scorching great plains heat. Fall is generally warm and can be cold at times. Extreme temperatures ranges from {{convert|-16|°F|0}} on January 11, 1962, to {{convert|114|°F|0}} on June 28, 1994. 53 tornadoes have been reported in Eddy County since 1950.
{{Weather box
| location = Carlsbad, New Mexico, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1900–2021
| single line = Yes
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| precipitation colour = green
▲|Jun record low F = 42
| Jan precipitation inch = 0.56
▲|Jul record low F = 50
| Feb precipitation inch = 0.45
▲|Aug record low F = 48
| Mar precipitation inch = 0.54
▲|Sep record low F = 29
| Apr precipitation inch = 0.45
▲|Oct record low F = 21
| May precipitation inch = 0.99
| Jun precipitation inch = 1.07
| Jul precipitation inch = 2.03
| Aug precipitation
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| source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>▼
▲|Mar snow days = 0.0
▲|Apr snow days = 0.0
▲|May snow days = 0.0
▲|Aug snow days = 0.0
▲|Oct snow days = 0.0
▲|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00291469&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
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}}
</ref>
| source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=maf
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==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1900 = 963
| 1910 = 1736
| 1920 = 2205
| 1930 = 3708
| 1940 = 7116
| 1950 = 17975
| 1960 = 25541
| 1970 = 21297
| 1980 = 25496
| 1990 = 24952
| 2000 = 25625
| 2010 = 26138
| 2020 = 32238
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015|df=mdy}}</ref><ref name=USCensus2020>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/carlsbadcitynewmexico,US/PST045221|title=United States Census Bureau QuickFacts|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=February 11, 2022}}</ref><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:35&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Oct 12, 2022}}</ref>
}}
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*<0.1% [[Pacific Islander American|Pacific Islander]]
*15.28% from [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#Race|other races]]
*3.1% [[Multiracial American|Multiracial]] (''two or more races'')<ref name="demo" />
*42.5% of the population were [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics or Latinos]] (''of any race'')<ref name="demo">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL1.ST13&prodType=table |title=American FactFinder |publisher=Factfinder2.census.gov |date=October 5, 2010 |access-date=July 12, 2012}}{{dead link|bot=medic|date=April 2020}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
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==Economy==
{| class="wikitable floatright"
▲! colspan="2" | Largest Employers in Carlsbad<ref>{{cite web|url=http://laser.state.nm.us/|title=New Mexico Workforce Connection - CSS|website=laser.state.nm.us|access-date=April 3, 2018}}</ref>
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===Mining===
[[Potash]] is a [[potassium]]-containing compound used as a fertilizer, along with [[nitrogen]] and [[phosphorus]]. Potash deposits were found underground across the [[Permian Basin (North America)|Permian Basin]] in 1925. Two companies, [[The Mosaic Company|Mosaic Potash Carlsbad]] (formerly [[IMC Global]]) and [[Intrepid Potash]] (formerly Mississippi Chemical Corporation), operate mining operations east of Carlsbad. Both mines employ a significant number of workers from surrounding communities
==Education==
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;Elementary schools
*Cottonwood Elementary School<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Desert Willow Elementary School<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Early Childhood Education Center<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Edison Elementary School<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Hillcrest Preschool<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Joe Stanley Smith Elementary School<ref name="Municipal Schools" /> (Closed 2021)
*Monterrey Elementary School<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Ocotillo Elementary School<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Sunset Elementary School<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Jefferson Montessori Academy <ref name="Municipal Schools" />
;Secondary schools
*Carlsbad Early College High School<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*[[Carlsbad High School (Carlsbad, New Mexico)|Carlsbad High School]]<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Carlsbad Intermediate School<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Carlsbad Sixth Grade Academy<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Carlsbad Schools Athletics<ref name="Municipal Schools" />
*Carlsbad Schools Library<ref name="Municipal Schools">{{cite web |title=Carlsbad Municipal Schools |url=https://www.carlsbadschools.net/o/CMSD |website=www.carlsbadschools.net |access-date=December 29, 2020 }}</ref>
*Jefferson Montessori Academy <ref name="Municipal Schools" />
;Private schools
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;Colleges and universities
[[File:NMSU seal.png|thumb|New Mexico State University (NMSU) seal]]
[[New Mexico State University]] has a branch campus located in Carlsbad, offering certificate, associate degree, bachelor's degree, and continuing education programs. NMSUC has a student population of approximately 2,000 and a staff of 104 faculty. Previously known as the Carlsbad Instructional Center, the campus was established in 1950 as the state's first community college. It was renamed a branch of NMSU in 1960.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cavern2.nmsu.edu/~nmsuc/nmsucmain/?page_id=378 |title=About Us | NMSU Carlsbad |access-date=July 12, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104193801/http://cavern2.nmsu.edu/~nmsuc/nmsucmain/?page_id=378 |archive-date=November 4, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The present-day main building was built in 1980; an additional instruction center was added in 1987 and the computer facilities wing was completed in 1996. By 2011, the campus had added an additional building to house its nursing program, the Allied Health and University Transfer Center.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cavern2.nmsu.edu/~markpr/markprmain/Documents/newsletter/2011/OCC9_11.pdf|title=Allied Health Grand Opening Press Release|website=nmsu.edu|access-date=April 3, 2018}}{{Dead link|date=June 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
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==Infrastructure==
▲[[File:Wikipedia-caverntheater-carlsbad-nm.JPG|thumb|The Cavern Theater]]
===Transportation===
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==Notable people==
* [[Trevor Rogers (baseball)|Trevor Rogers]], [[Major League Baseball]] pitcher for the [[Miami Marlins]] ▼
*[[Shane Andrews]], [[Major League Baseball]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Shane Andrews arrested outside New Mexico night club |url=https://www.pennlive.com/patriotnewssports/2009/12/shane_andrews_arrested_in_new.html |work=[[The Patriot-News]] |agency=The Associated Press |date=December 16, 2009 |quote=Andrews is a former third baseman for the Montreal Expos who now coaches Little League in his hometown of Carlsbad.}}</ref>
* [[Dan Blocker]], actor who played "Hoss" Cartwright in the TV series ''[[Bonanza]]'', was a sixth-grade teacher and coach at Eddy Elementary School<ref>{{cite web |last1=Asher |first1=Matthew |title=Baseball, Bonanza and (track) blocks led to Billy Joe Thompson's Hall of Fame induction |url=https://www.currentargus.com/story/sports/2018/09/20/baseball-bonanza-and-track-blocks-led-thompsons-hof-induction/1370311002/ |website=Carlsbad Current-Argus |date=September 20, 2018 |quote=Dan Blocker, later known as Hoss Cartwright on the TV show Bonanza, was Thompson’s sixth-grade teacher at Eddy Elementary}}</ref>
* [[Bruce Cabot]], actor who played [[Jack Driscoll (character)|Jack Driscoll]] in the 1933 film ''[[King Kong (1933 film)|King Kong]]''; appeared in many of close friend [[John Wayne]]'s films<ref>{{cite web |title=Bruce Cabot, Film Actor, Dies; Played the Hero in 'King Kong' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/05/04/archives/bruce-cabot-film-actor-dies-played-the-hero-in-king-kong.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=May 4, 1972 |quote=The actor, whose real name was Jacques de Bujac, was born in Carlsbad, N. M.}}</ref>
* [[Jason D. Cunningham]], [[Air Force Pararescuemen|Air Force Pararescueman]] who died saving lives of 10 fellow servicemen; Air Force Cross recipient<ref>{{cite web |title=Senior Airman Jason D. Cunningham|url=https://www.afcent.af.mil/Units/455th-Air-Expeditionary-Wing/Biographies/Display/Article/273804/senior-airman-jason-d-cunningham/ |website=U.S. Air Forces Central |quote=Cunningham was a Carlsbad, N.M., native}}</ref>
* [[Sam Etcheverry]], professional football player in the [[National Football League]] and [[Canadian Football League]]<ref>{{cite web |title=DU Hall of Famer Sam Etcheverry Passes Away Over Weekend |url=https://denverpioneers.com/news/2009/8/31/DU_Hall_of_Famer_Sam_Etcheverry_Passes_Away_Over_Weekend |website=University of Denver Athletics |date=August 31, 2009 |quote=Born and raised just to the south of Colorado in Carlsbad, New Mexico}}</ref>
* [[Alfred A. Freeman]], New Mexico territorial judge and [[Tennessee]] politician<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Thompson |first1=Mark |title=Did President Benjamin Harrison Really Try to Fire New Mexico Territorial Judge A. A. Freeman? |journal=Bar Bulletin |date=January 15, 2007 |volume=46 |issue=3 |page=10 |url=https://www.nmbar.org//NmbarDocs/AboutUs/committees/Historical/FactFiction.pdf |quote=Justice Freeman served his full four year term and by May of 1895 was practicing law in Eddy (Carlsbad after 1899)}}</ref>
* [[F. Drew Gaffney]], [[Payload Specialist]] aboard [[STS-40]] and professor at [[Vanderbilt University]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Payload Specialist Astronaut Bio: Drew Gaffney |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/gaffney-fa.pdf |website=NASA}}</ref>
*[[Michael P. Grace II]], an oil and gas producer who was based in the city in the 1960s to the 1970s. He was formerly a theater producer, composer, and lyricist in the 1950s. He was the former husband to Corinne B. Grace.
*[[Corinne B. Grace]], oil and gas producer who was based in the city from the 1960s to the 1990s. She was formerly an actress on stage and in television commercials. She was the former wife of Michael P. Grace II.
* [[Mark Jackson (quarterback)|Mark Jackson]], gridiron football player<ref>{{cite book |author1=Donna Blake Birchell |author2=Southeastern New Mexico Historical Society |title=Legendary Locals of Carlsbad |date=2015 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=978-1-4671-0226-1 |page=90 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u-XRCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA90}}</ref>
*[[Bob Kelly (American football, born 1938)|Bob Kelly]], [[American Football League]] defensive lineman and offensive lineman for the [[Houston Oilers]], the [[Kansas City Chiefs]], and the [[Cincinnati Bengals]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=England |first1=Katie |title=Former Carlsbad Caveman who played in NFL dies at age 76 |url=https://247sports.com/college/new-mexico-state/Board/103615/Contents/RIP-Former-Aggie-Bob-Kelly-70541708/ |website=247Sports |date=January 1, 2015 |quote=Bob Kelly, who graduated from Carlsbad High School in 1957}}</ref>
▲* [[Trevor Rogers (baseball)|Trevor Rogers]], [[Major League Baseball]] pitcher for the [[Miami Marlins]]
* [[Cody Ross]], [[Major League Baseball]] outfielder for the [[Arizona Diamondbacks]]<ref>{{cite web |title=NM Native Cody Ross's Wild Championship Ride |url=https://www.koat.com/article/nm-native-cody-ross-s-wild-championship-ride/5034692 |website=KOAT |date=November 19, 2010 |quote=Before Cody Ross was a World Series champion, he scored time and time again for the Carlsbad Cavemen.}}</ref>
* [[Barry Sadler]], author, musician, and decorated combat veteran; best known for series of novels focusing on [[Casca Rufio Longinius]] and for composing song "[[Ballad of the Green Berets]]".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Leepson |first1=Marc |title=Barry Sadler {{!}} Biography & Ballad of the Green Berets |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Barry-Sadler |website=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]] |date=November 1, 2020}}</ref>
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* [[James Larkin White|Jim White]], discoverer and explorer of [[Carlsbad Caverns]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Weekend Explorer - Carlsbad, New Mexico - Jim White |url=https://www.pbs.org/weekendexplorer/newmexico/carlsbad/carlsbad_white.htm |website=PBS}}</ref>
*[[John Wooten]], [[National Football League]] played for the [[Cleveland Browns]] and [[Washington Redskins]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Simonich |first1=Milan |title=Desegregation launched Carlsbad's stars |url=https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/desegregation-launched-carlsbad-s-stars/article_36be4c8f-a3ad-5c91-a3c0-f497bf87ae99.html |website=Santa Fe New Mexican |date=May 2, 2019 |quote=He attended the Carver School for Negroes in Carlsbad.}}</ref>
<gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" class="center">
File:Carlsbad New Mexico Municipal Building.jpg|Carlsbad Municipal Building
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