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'''Clan na Gael (CnG)''' ({{lang-ga
==Background==
[[File:Green Sunburst Flag.svg|thumb|The flag of Irish Republican Brotherhood, the organisation Clan na Gael was directly tied to for many decades]]
{{Irish republicanism|Defunct Organisations}}
As [[Irish immigration]] to the United States of America began to increase in the 18th century many Irish organizations were formed. One of the earliest was formed under the name of the [[Irish Charitable Society]] and was founded in [[Boston]], Massachusetts in 1737. These new organizations went by varying names, most notably the [[Ancient and Most Benevolent Order of the Friendly Brothers of Saint Patrick]], founded in [[New York, New York|New York]] in 1767, the [[Friendly Sons of St. Patrick|Society of the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick for the Relief of Emigrants]] in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]] in 1771, and the [[Friendly Sons of St. Patrick|Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick]] also formed in New York in 1784.
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== Creation ==
After 1867, the Irish Republican Brotherhood headquarters in [[Manchester]] chose to support neither of the existing feuding factions, but instead promoted a renewed Irish republican organization in America, to be named Clan na Gael. According to [[John Devoy]] in 1924, [[Jerome J. Collins]] founded what was then called the Napper Tandy Club in New York on 20 June 1867 – [[Wolfe Tone]]'s birthday.<ref>{{cite book |last=Golway |first=Terry |author-link= |date=1998 |title=Irish Rebel: John Devoy and America's Fight for Ireland's Freedpm |url= |location= |publisher=St. Martins Press |page=72 |isbn=0312181183}}</ref> This club expanded into others and at one point at a picnic in 1870 was named the Clan na Gael by Sam Cavanagh. This was the same Cavanagh who killed the informer George Clark, who had exposed a Fenian pike-making operation in Dublin to the police.<ref>''Gaelic American,'' 7 January 1905</ref>
Collins, who died in 1881 on the disastrous [[Jeannette expedition|''Jeannette'' expedition]] to the North Pole, was a science editor for the ''[[New York Herald]]'', who had left England in 1866 when a plot he was involved in to free the Fenian prisoners at [[Pentonville (HM Prison)|Pentonville Prison]] was uncovered by the police. Collins believed at the time of the founding in 1867 that the two feuding Fenians branches should patch things up.<ref>Much of the preceding is found in the ''Gaelic American'', 29 Dec 1906, in an article entitled "The Inside Story of the Jeanette Horror". Both John O'Mahony and William R Roberts, opposing leaders of fighting branches of the Fenians, belonged to the Napper Tandy Club, according to Devoy in the aforementioned article.</ref>
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==In the 20th century==
[[File:Joseph McGarrity.jpg|thumb|[[Joseph McGarrity]] became the leader of Clan na Gael following splits mirroring those in Ireland caused by the Irish Civil War]]
The objective of Clan na Gael was to secure an independent Ireland and to assist the Irish Republican Brotherhood in achieving this aim. To this end, the Clan was prepared to enter into alliances with any nation allied against the British; with the outbreak of the [[First World War]] in 1914, the Clan found its greatest ally in [[Imperial Germany]]. A delegation led by Devoy met with the German Ambassador in the US Count [[Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff]] and his aide [[Franz von Papen]] in 1914. This was followed by an emissary [[John Kenny (Clan-na-Gael)|John Kenny]], sent on a [
Clan na Gael became the largest single financier of both the Easter Rising and the [[Irish War of Independence]]. Imperial Germany aided Clan na Gael by selling those guns and munitions to be used in the uprising of 1916. Germany had hoped that by distracting Britain with an Irish uprising they would be able to garner the upper hand in the war and effect a German victory on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]. However, they failed to follow through with more support. Clan na Gael was also involved via McGarrity and Casement in the abortive attempt to raise an "[[Irish Brigade (WWI)|Irish Brigade]]" to fight against the British.
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