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{{Short description|none}}
{{climate chart
| [[Lisbon]]
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|float=right
|source=[[Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera|Instituto de Meteorologia]]<ref name="IPMA"/> }}
[[Lisbon]] and its metropolitan area feature a mild [[
|url=http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/
|title=World Map of Köppen−Geiger Climate Classification
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|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100906034159/http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/
|archivedate=2010-09-06
}}</ref> with short, mild and
==Classifications==
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|city =Lisbon
| source_k =<ref>{{cite web|url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Koppen_World_Map_%28retouched_version%29.png|title=World Map of
| initial_k ={{
| description_k =[[hot-summer Mediterranean climate]]
| source_t =<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kkh.ltrr.arizona.edu/kkh/climate/trewartha_maps.htm|title=Trewartha maps|website=kkh.ltrr.arizona.edu|access-date=27 June 2020}}</ref>
| initial_t ={{
| description_t =Subtropical dry summer
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| source_tw =<ref>{{cite web |last1=Feddema (2005) |first1=Johannes |title=A Revised Thornthwaite-Type Global Climate Classification |url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-global-Thornthwaite-moisture-regions_fig1_250171991 |access-date=28 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Morais |first1=J. Custódio de |title=Divisão Climática de Portugal |date=1950 |volume=XII |url=https://digitalis-dsp.uc.pt/bitstream/10316.2/37968/1/Divisao%20climatica%20de%20Portugal.pdf |access-date=6 September 2021 |publisher=Publicações do Instituto de Climatologia e Hidrologia da Universidade de Coimbra |language=Portuguese}}</ref>
| initial_tw =
| description_tw = Subhumid Mesothermal
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== Temperature ==
===Normals===
Lisbon has mild to warm, moderated temperatures
{{Weather box
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===Extremes===
Lisbon's location on the westernmost side of [[continental Europe]] makes it much less vulnerable to both heatwaves and coldwaves, though outbrakes of the [[Saharan Air Layer]] can sometimes push the temperatures above {{convert|40|C}} as it happened as part of the [[2018 European heat wave]], skies were a shade of white due to the extreme concentrations of airborne dust particles. Temperatures in two of Lisbon's stations reached an all-time high of {{convert|44.0|°C|°F|abbr=on}} on 4 August of that same year. The third station ([[Tapada da Ajuda]]) recorded {{convert|43.3|°C|°F|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=August 2018 bulletin |url=http://www.ipma.pt/resources.www/docs/im.publicacoes/edicoes.online/20180924/QyzZvZwgxxBnLFiHkSkX/cli_20180801_20180831_pcl_mm_co_pt.pdf |publisher=[[IPMA]] |access-date=30 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dn.pt/pais/interior/este-sabado-foi-o-dia-mais-quente-de-sempre-em-lisboa-9679437.html|title=G.Coutinho and Tapada weather stations measure the Lisbon highest temperature record|date=5 August 2018}}</ref>
The coldest
In a normal year, the recorded maxima can go anywhere from {{convert|12|-|19|C}} in the winter and {{convert|23|-|35|C}} in the summer, and the minima from {{convert|3|-|
{{Weather box
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== Precipitation ==
Lisbon can be described both as a moist and a dry city depending on the season of the year. Precipitation is most common in Autumn and Winter
Lisbon has on average 112 precipitation days a year of which around 30% is drizzle (below {{convert|1|mm|abbr=on}}). The driest months, July and August, have on average two days of precipitation ({{convert|4|-|6|mm|abbr=on}} of which 50% is drizzle), and the wettest months, November and December, have on average 12–15 days of precipitation and around {{convert|127|mm|abbr=on}}.<ref name="HKO"/> December is the rainiest month of which half the days receive some form of precipitation. The average annual
{{Weather box
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==Humidity==
In the same way precipitation varies greatly from month to month, the average relative humidity also experiences considerable seasonal changes. Lisbon has very humid winters, averaging 78-80% humidity
{{Weather box
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== Sunshine ==
Lisbon is a sunny city, in fact, it is one of the sunniest capital
In the Lisbon area, sunshine hours reach their maximum value in the southwestern [[Setúbal Peninsula]] (near [[Cabo Espichel]]), and their lowest in the [[Sintra Mountains]] and parts of the northwest [[Lisbon District|District]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Solar prospecting tool for fast and reliable project pre-feasibility |url=https://apps.solargis.com/prospect/map?show-registration=1 |publisher=[[Solaris (operating system)|SolarGis]] |access-date=30 January 2021}}</ref>
{{Weather box
|location = Lisbon,
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
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|Dec sun = 142.6
|year sun = 2806.3
|source 1 = [[Hong Kong Observatory]]<ref name="HKO">[http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/europe/sp_po/lisbon_e.htm "Climatological Information for Lisbon, Portugal" (1961-1990)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129140854/http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/europe/sp_po/lisbon_e.htm |date=2019-01-29 }}
}}
{{Weather box
|location = Lisbon,
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
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|Dec uv = 2
|source 1 = [[German Meteorological Service]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/monthly/qc/sunshine_duration/historical/08535_198607_201712.txt |title=Monthly Averages for Lisbon|publisher=DwD}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/monthly/qc/sunshine_duration/recent/08535_201801_202008.txt |title=Monthly Averages for Lisbon|publisher=DwD}}</ref>
|source 2 = Weather Atlas<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/portugal/lisbon-climate |title=Lisbon, Portugal
}}
== Daylight ==
Due to its southern position in Europe, Lisbon has a rather optimal number of hours of daylight. Winter days are not as short as in the northern part of the continent and summers have at least 9 hours of nighttime. The average duration of daylight in the wintertime is 10.3 hours<ref name="weather2travel">{{cite web |title=Lisbon climate guide |url=https://www.weather2travel.com/portugal/lisbon/climate/ |publisher=weather2travel.com |access-date=30 January 2021}}</ref> (for comparison:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Average hours of daylight<ref name=weather2travel/><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lisbon.climatemps.com/sunlight.php |title=
|-
! Month
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{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center"
|+Average wind speed (km/h)
|-
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==Sea temperature==
As with the rest of Portugal, ocean temperatures are extremely moderate and cool year-round, only varying {{convert|5|C-change}} between the coldest and warmest month. The coolest months are February and March (around {{convert|15|-|15.5|C}}) while the warmest are from August through October (around {{convert|19|-|20|C}}). The average annual [[sea surface temperature]] is around {{convert|17.5|°C}}.<ref name="surf" /><ref name="seatemperature.org">[http://www.seatemperature.org/europe/portugal/lisbon-august.htm Lisbon average sea temperature]
{|class="wikitable"
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|}
==
Temperature and precipitation variation across various sections of the metropolitan area of Lisbon:
{{climate chart
| [[Cabo da Roca]]
| 9.3 | 14.0 | 63
| 9.3 | 13.8 | 67
| 10.0 | 15.5 | 52
| 10.7 | 15.9 | 41
| 11.5 | 17.0 | 32
| 13.8 | 19.2 | 15
| 15.0 | 20.2 | 2
| 15.1 | 20.7 | 5
| 15.1 | 21.1 | 23
| 14.0 | 19.4 | 61
| 11.6 | 16.6 | 92
| 9.6 | 14.6 | 60
|float=left
|clear=right
|source=[[IPMA]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Domingos |first1=Sónia Isabel Sequeira |title=Microclimatologia do Município de Sintra com base em estações meteorológicas |url=https://repositorio.ul.pt/handle/10451/1294 |access-date=5 June 2021 |date=2008}}</ref>
}}
{{climate chart
| [[Cascais]]
| 8.6 | 14.9 | 97.0
| 8.8 | 15.8 | 67.6
| 10.6 | 17.3 | 91.0
| 12.0 | 19.4 | 49.6
| 13.4 | 20.8 | 38.0
| 15.6 | 23.6 | 13.0
| 17.0 | 25.7 | 2.4
| 17.4 | 26.0 | 4.4
| 16.8 | 24.9 | 28.6
| 14.6 | 22.0 | 68.4
| 11.7 | 18.4 | 82.3
| 9.2 | 15.7 | 93.9
|float=left
|clear=right
|source=[[IPMA]]<ref>{{cite book |title=O Clima de Portugal: Normais climatológicas do Continente, Açores e Madeira correspondentes a 1931-1960 |date=1965 |publisher=Serviço Meteorológico Nacional, Observatório do Infante D. Luís (Lisboa) |page=108 |url=https://i.imgur.com/AZFPCZh.jpg |access-date=14 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=O Clima de Portugal: Normais climatológicas do Continente, Açores e Madeira correspondentes a 1931-1960 |date=1965 |publisher=Serviço Meteorológico Nacional, Observatório do Infante D. Luís (Lisboa) |page=109 |url=https://i.imgur.com/e7xQxze.jpg |access-date=14 July 2021}}</ref>
}}
{{climate chart
| [[Oeiras, Portugal|Oeiras]]
| 7.6 | 14.6 | 94.6
| 8.4 | 15.1 | 92.9
| 9.0 | 16.7 | 59.9
| 10.0 | 18.1 | 58.8
| 11.7 | 20.9 | 38.5
| 14.4 | 24.0 | 16.7
| 16.2 | 26.4 | 3.8
| 16.6 | 27.0 | 5.6
| 15.8 | 25.8 | 18.1
| 13.5 | 22.0 | 70.4
| 10.4 | 17.9 | 109.5
| 8.4 | 15.1 | 96.0
|float=left
|clear=right
|source=[[Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera|Instituto de Meteorologia]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Forest Protection Municipal Plan Against Wildfires |url=https://fogos.icnf.pt/pmdfci/11_Lisboa/1110/2G/Caderno_I/Texto/PMDFCI_Oeiras_Caderno_I.pdf |publisher=Oeiras Municipality |access-date=5 June 2021}}</ref>
}}
{{climate chart
| [[Lisbon]]
| 8.3 | 14.8 | 99.9
| 9.1 | 16.2 | 84.9
| 11.0 | 18.8 | 53.2
| 11.9 | 19.8 | 68.1
| 13.9 | 22.1 | 53.6
| 16.6 | 25.7 | 15.9
| 18.2 | 27.9 | 4.2
| 18.6 | 28.3 | 6.2
| 17.6 | 26.5 | 32.9
| 15.1 | 22.5 | 100.8
| 11.8 | 18.2 | 127.6
| 9.4 | 15.3 | 126.7
|float=left
|clear=right
|source=[[IPMA]]<ref name="IPMA"/>
}}
{{climate chart
| [[Setúbal]]
| 4.8 | 15.3 | 98.4
| 5.8 | 16.7 | 75.3
| 7.6 | 19.4 | 53.3
| 9.1 | 20.5 | 66.7
| 11.4 | 23.4 | 48.5
| 14.3 | 27.4 | 16.8
| 16.2 | 29.9 | 3.7
| 16.3 | 30.1 | 3.7
| 14.8 | 27.8 | 27.2
| 12.4 | 23.3 | 97.6
| 9.0 | 18.8 | 119.4
| 6.6 | 15.9 | 124.7
|float=left
|clear=right
|source=[[IPMA]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ipma.pt/pt/oclima/normais.clima/1981-2010/019/|title=Monthly Averages for Setúbal, Portugal (1981-2010)|publisher=Instituto de Meteorologia|access-date=2012-08-10|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111025738/http://www.ipma.pt/pt/oclima/normais.clima/1981-2010/019|archive-date=2013-01-11}}</ref>
}}
{{climate chart
| Pegões, [[Montijo, Portugal|Montijo]]
| 4.9 | 15.1 | 94.7
| 6.2 | 16.4 | 74.0
| 7.1 | 19.1 | 41.6
| 8.5 | 20.0 | 59.7
| 10.6 | 22.6 | 54.9
| 13.1 | 26.8 | 21.0
| 14.9 | 30.2 | 7.8
| 14.9 | 30.7 | 6.5
| 14.1 | 28.3 | 26.4
| 11.7 | 23.4 | 77.3
| 8.6 | 18.9 | 94.0
| 6.5 | 15.9 | 115.7
|float=left
|clear=right
|source=[[IPMA]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_71-00_PEGOES.pdf|title=Monthly Averages for Pegões, Montijo (1971–2000)|publisher=Instituto de Meteorologia}}</ref>
}}
{{clear|left}}
==Other stations in the city of Lisbon==
{{Weather box
|location = [[Lisbon]] (Instituto Geofísico), elevation: {{convert|77|m|abbr=on|disp=or}},
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
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{{Weather box
|location = [[Lisbon]] (Instituto Geofísico), elevation: {{convert|77|m|abbr=on|disp=or}},
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
Line 645 ⟶ 758:
{{Weather box
|location = [[Lisbon]] (Tapada da Ajuda), elevation: {{convert|37|m|abbr=on|disp=or}},
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
Line 730 ⟶ 843:
{{Weather box
|location = [[Lisbon]] (Gago Coutinho), elevation: {{convert|104|m|abbr=on|disp=or}},
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
Line 815 ⟶ 928:
{{Weather box
| collapsed = y
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| location = [[Lisbon]] (Príncipe Real), elevation: {{convert|95|m|abbr=on|disp=or}},
| Jan mean C =11.4
| Feb mean C =12.3
Line 934 ⟶ 1,044:
| source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name = noaa>{{cite web
| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/PO/08535.TXT
| title = Lisbon (08535)
| accessdate = March 28, 2019
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]}}</ref>
}}
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