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===Viruses===
Specific [[antiviral drug]]s are used to treat some viral infections. These drugs prevent viruses from reproducing by inhibiting essential stages of the virus's replication cycle in infected cells. Antivirals are used to treat [[HIV]], [[hepatitis B]], [[hepatitis C]], [[influenza]], [[herpesviridae|herpes viruses]] including [[varicella zoster virus]],Sars-Cov 19 Virus, [[cytomegalovirus]] and [[Epstein–Barr virus]]. With each virus, some strains have become resistant to the administered drugs.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lou Z, Sun Y, Rao Z | title = Current progress in antiviral strategies | journal = Trends in Pharmacological Sciences | volume = 35 | issue = 2 | pages = 86–102 | date = February 2014 | pmid = 24439476 | pmc = 7112804 | doi = 10.1016/j.tips.2013.11.006 }}</ref>
Antiviral drugs typically target key components of viral reproduction; for example, [[oseltamivir]] targets influenza [[neuraminidase]], while guanosine analogs inhibit viral DNA polymerase. Resistance to antivirals is thus acquired through mutations in the genes that encode the protein targets of the drugs.
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