Aktanysh: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|ruralRural locality in Tatarstan, Russia}}

{{Infobox Russian ruralinhabited locality

'''Aktanysh''' ({{lang-ru|Актаны́ш}}; {{lang-tt-Cyrl|Актаныш}}, Aqtanış; {{lang-ba|Аҡтаныш}}), historically known as '''Lower Aktanyshbash''' ({{Lang-ru|Нижний Актанышбаш}}; {{Lang-ba|Түбәнге Аҡтанышбаш}}) or '''Aktanyshbash''', is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|rural locality]] (a [[Village#Russia|selo]]) and the [[administrative center]] of [[Aktanyshsky District]] of the [[Tatarstan|Republic of Tatarstan]], [[Russia]]. The population is less than 10,000, though it has steadily increased in recent decades; {{ru-census|p2010=8,923|p2002=8,148|p1989=6,814}}

The village is situated in the lower reaches of the [[Belaya (Kama)|Belaya]] (Ağiðel) river, in the easternmost part of Tatarstan, less than {{Convert|6|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the border with [[Bashkortostan]]. Aktanysh lies about {{Convert|300|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Казань|Kazan]] and {{Convert|165|km|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Ufa]] as the crow flies.

Aktanysh was settled by [[Bashkirs]] of the Yabalakovskaya tyuba of the Kyrgyz volost{{efn|The terms volost ({{Lang-ru|волости|lit=yurt}}) and tyuba ({{Lang-ru|тюба}}) describe units within the historical Bashkir sociopolitical structure as adapted by the Russian state. Tyuba are groups of related families (also: ''aimak'', ''ara''), a clan community. Volost refers to a tribe or tribal group comprising clans.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Where did the Bashkir people come from? History of the Bashkirs.|url=https://gigafox.ru/en/psihologiya/otkuda-proizoshel-bashkirskii-narod-istoriya-bashkir/|access-date=2021-09-13|website=gigafox.ru}}</ref> The founders of Aktanysh can be loosely understood to be Bashkirs of the Yabalakovskaya ''clan'' of the Kyrgyz ''tribe'' (a Bashkir tribe not to be confused with the [[Kyrgyz people]]).}} in the period prior to Bashkir integration into the Russian State.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Хамидуллин|first=С. И.|url=https://bashkirica.com/upload/iblock/a3c/a3c13d0d318b93862fd57d786ccf462a.pdf|title=История башкирских родов кыргыз|last2=Юсупов|first2=Ю. М.|last3=Асылгужин|first3=Р. Р.|last4=Шайхеев|first4=Р. Р.|last5=Саитбатталов|first5=И. Р.|last6=Волков|first6=В. Г.|last7=Каримов|first7=А. А.|last8=Зайнуллин|first8=А. М.|last9=Камалов|first9=Р. М.|publisher=ГУП РБ Уфимский полиграфкомбинат|year=2015|isbn=9785850516406|edition=10|location=Ufa|pages=114–117|language=ru|display-authors=|access-date=13 September 2021|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413083614/https://bashkirica.com/upload/iblock/a3c/a3c13d0d318b93862fd57d786ccf462a.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 1715.<ref name=":0" />

Until 1920, the village was the center of Aktanyshsky Volost of the Menzelinsky [[List of uyezds of the RussianMenzelinsky Empire|Uyezd]] of [[Ufa Governorate]]. Aktanysh was included in the [[Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] as part of the Menzelinsky canton. Since 1930 it has served as the center of the Aktanyshsky District, excepting the period during 1963 to 11 January 1965 when it was part of the [[Menzelinsky District]]. In the period from 1988 to 1991, Aktanysh had the status of an [[urban-type settlement]].{{citation needed|date=October 2019}}

The [[Boarding School of Humanities for Gifted Children in Aktanysh|Boarding School of Humanities for Gifted Children]] ({{Langlang-tt-Cyrl|Сәләтле балалар өчен гуманитар гимназия-интернат}}, {{Lang-ru|Гуманитарная гимназия-интернат для одаренных детей}}) is a [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] located in Aktanysh. Unlike other [[secondary school]]<nowiki/>s in the Republic of Tatarstan, it is managed by the state rather than the municipal district and is directly subordinate to the Ministry of Education and Science of Tatarstan. The Aktanysh Technical College ({{Langlang-tt-Cyrl|Актаныш технология техникумы}}) is also located within the locality.

*{{Cite journal|last=Ivanov|first=V.A.|date=2016|title=The Distribution of Bashkir Tribes Before and During their Integration into the Russian State|url=https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/download/223/264|journal=[[Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia]]|volume=44|issue=3|pages=121–129|doi=10.17746/1563-0110.2016.44.3.121-129|doi-access=free}}

[[Category:UfaMenzelinsky GovernorateUyezd]]