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{{short description|Asian tree related to breadfruit and jackfruit}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Berthe Hoola van Nooten38.jpg
| genus = Artocarpus
| species = integer
| authority = [[
| synonyms =
* ''Artocarpus
* ''Artocarpus polyphema'' <small>Pers.</small>
}}
'''''Artocarpus integer''''', commonly known as '''chempedak''' or '''cempedak'''
==Description==
Cempedak trees are large, [[evergreen]] trees. They can grow to a height of 20 m, although most
===Fruit===
The [[Multiple fruit|syncarp]] may be cylindrical to spherical in shape, and ranges from 10 to 15 cm across and 20 to 35 cm in length.<ref name="Jansen">{{aut|Jansen, P.C.M}}.
Cempedak is similar to jackfruit in many ways,
▲Cempedak is similar to jackfruit in many ways, however, cempedak are smaller than jackfruit and the peduncle is thinner. The male inflorescence of cempedak is pale green to yellow compared to the dark green of jackfruit. The cempedak flesh is darker yellow and more juicy when ripe.<ref name=":1" />
==Cultivation==
===Conditions===
Cempedak trees are normally planted in
===Propagation===
Trees begin to bear fruit at 3-6 years for trees planted by seed and at 2-4 years for clonal trees. Blossoms are common from February to April and then again in August to October in southern Malaysia, as opposed to in western Java, where Cempedak tend to flower in July and August. From flowering to ripening fruit takes about 2-4 months. <ref name=":1" />▼
In the [[Malay Archipelago]], cempedak is usually cultivated with other fruit trees in mixed orchard systems of small farmers and occasionally in large fruit plantations. The trees are normally propagated by [[Grafting|bud-grafting]] to maintain desired genetic traits.<ref name=":0" /> Plants are also propagated by seed, but the seeds spoil quickly after removal from the fruit, so they must be planted immediately after cleaning.<ref name=":1" />
===Flowering and fruit===
▲Trees begin to bear fruit at
===Harvest===
The timing of harvest is critical in assuring fruit quality. One of the most reliable ways to determine the maturity of cempedak is to tap the fruit and listen for a dull hollow sound. Skin color can also be an indicator of maturity, as ripened skins turn from green to a yellower color.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}} The development of a characteristic odor similar to that of [[durian]] can also mark maturity of the fruit, in addition to the spines of the fruits' skin becoming flattened. Fruit are harvested ideally before falling to avoid damage, loss of shelf life and premature ripening. The harvested fruit produces a [[latex]] [[exudate]], and is left to drain in the field before being moved from the orchard. The fruit has a short shelf life of 2–3 days.<ref name=":1" />
==Uses==
Cempedak is sought after for its edible, pulpy flesh that is typically yellow/orange and rich in [[Β-Carotene|beta-carotene]]. It has a sweetly unique flavor akin to that of [[durian]] and [[mango]].<ref name=":0" />
The fruit is consumed in its native area, can be eaten fresh or cooked. The seeds can be fried, boiled or grilled, then peeled and eaten with salt. The taste is similar to water chestnuts. The young fruit, like [[Jackfruit#Young fruit|young jackfruit]], can be used as a vegetable.<ref name="Jansen"/> In [[Borneo]], the skin of the cempedak can be processed into food called ''mandai'' made by peeling the fruit until it looks white, then soaking it in brine to preserve and soften the texture. ''Mandai'' is usually consumed after frying.<ref name="Jansen"/>▼
▲The fruit is normally consumed in
The wood is of good quality, strong and durable, and used as building material for home furnishings or boats. The fibrous bark can be used to make ropes. Yellow dye can also be produced from the wood.<ref name="Jansen"/>
==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Artocarpus integer Fruit and Tree.JPG|Mature fruit on tree
▲| [[File:Cempedak whole1.JPG|thumb|center|x150px|Whole cempedak fruit]]
</gallery>
▲| [[File:Durians.jpg|thumb|center|x150px|Cempedak on sale in Chinese market.]]
==See also==
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==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
For more information, see "Fruits of the Future: Chempedak" by David K. Chandlee [https://web.archive.org/web/20090607221324/http://borneocollection.netfirms.com/article_chempadek.htm]▼
{{
▲
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040515102257/http://agrolink.moa.my/doa/BI/Croptech/cempedak.html Fruits Technology of cempedak]
▲{{Wikispecies|Artocarpus integer}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1053368}}
[[Category:Artocarpus|integer]]
[[Category:Fruits originating in Asia]]
[[Category:Fruit trees]]
[[Category:Austronesian agriculture]]
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