Archbishop of York: Difference between revisions

{{RedirectShort description|PrimateSenior ofbishop in England|the PrimateChurch of All England|Archbishop of Canterbury}}

| coat_caption = Arms of the [[Diocese of York]]: ''Gules, two keys in saltire the wards upwards argent in chief a regal crown proper''<ref>Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.1173, with added "the wards upwards" for clarity, as per Debrett's blazon for Bishopbishop of Gloucester</ref>

The '''archbishop of York''' is a senior bishop in the [[Church of England]], second only to the [[archbishop of Canterbury]]. The archbishop is the [[diocesan bishop]] of the [[Diocese of York]] and the [[metropolitan bishop]] of the [[Provinceprovince of York]], which covers the northern regions of England (north of the [[river Trent|Trent]]) as well as the [[Isle of Man]]. The archbishop of York is an ''ex officio'' member of the [[House of Lords]] and is styled [[primate (bishop)|Primate]] of England; the archbishop of Canterbury is the Primate of All England.

The [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] diocese was refounded by [[Paulinus of York|Paulinus]] (a member of [[Augustine of Canterbury|Augustine's mission]]) in the 7th century. Notable among these early bishops is [[Wilfrid]]. These early bishops of York acted as diocesan rather than archdiocesan prelates until the time of [[Ecgbert (bishop)|Ecgbert of York]],{{efn|Paulinus was appointed Archbishoparchbishop of York by [[Pope Honorius I]] in 634, but the appointment was not effective since it occurred after Paulinus had fled from York and become Bishopbishop of Rochester.<ref>Costambeys "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/21626 Paulinus (St&nbsp;Paulinus) (d. 644)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''</ref>}} who received the [[pallium]] from [[Pope Gregory III]] in 735 and established metropolitan rights in the north. Until the Danish invasion the archbishops of Canterbury occasionally exercised authority, and it was not until the [[Norman Conquest]] that the archbishops of York asserted their complete independence.

At the time of the [[English Reformation]], York possessed three suffragan sees, Durham, Carlisle, and Sodor and Man, to which during the brief space of [[Mary I of England|Queen Mary I]]'s reign (1553–1558) may be added the Diocese of Chester, founded by [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]], but subsequently recognised by the Pope.

Until the mid 1530s (and from 1553 to 1558) the bishops and archbishops were Catholics in communion with the [[pope]] in Rome. This is no longer the case, as the archbishop of York, together with the rest of the [[Church of England]], is a member of the [[Anglican Communion]].

The archbishop of York is the [[metropolitan bishop]] of the [[Provinceprovince of York]] and is the junior of the two archbishops of the Church of England after the archbishop of Canterbury.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fryde|Greenway|Porter|Roy|1986}}, ''Handbook of British Chronology'', 3rd Edition, pp. 224, and 281–284.</ref> The See is currently occupied by [[Stephen Cottrell]] since 9 July 2020.

| Resigned the [[Episcopal see|see]] of York; later became [[Bishop of Lichfield|Bishopbishop of Mercia and Lindsey]]; canonised.

| Ejected from York; later became [[Bishopbishop of Selsey]]{{efn|name=foot| Although Wilfrid established a monastic community in Selsey, there are no early sources that describe him as bishop of the South Saxons. Wilfrid is credited with being [[Bishop of Selsey|first bishop of the South Saxons]], by [[William of Malmesbury]] and [[Florence of Worcester]], also on some later [[Bishop of Chichester|Ecclesiastical lists]], but he was still technically Bishopbishop of York when in charge of [[Selsey Abbey]]. Therefore, as Sussex had been annexed by Wessex then Selsey probably would have been subject to the Diocese of the West Saxons, when Wilfrid was there.<ref>{{Harvnb|Foot|2011}} The Bishopsbishops of Selsey and the Creation of a Diocese for Sussex. pp. 90-101.</ref>}}canonised.

| [[Translation (ecclesiastical)|Translated]] from [[Bishopbishop of Hexham|Hexham]]; resigned the see; canonised in 1037.

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|732}}

| York elevated to Archbishopricarchbishopric in 735.

! colspan="4" style="background-color: #7F1734; color: white;" | Pre-Conquest Archbishopsarchbishops of York

| York elevated to Archbishopricarchbishopric in 735.

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|767}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|780}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|780}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|808}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|808}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|834}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|896}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|916}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|916}}

| style="text-align: center;" | c. {{Circa|958}}

| ''Nominated Archbishoparchbishop, but was quashed by [[Stephen, King of England|King Stephen]]; later became [[Abbot of Melrose]].''

| ''[[Abbot]] of [[Fécamp Abbey]]. Nominated Archbishoparchbishop, but was quashed by [[Pope Innocent II]].''

| Deposed by [[Pope Eugene III]], elected [[Bishopbishop of Chichester]].

| Formerly [[List of Archdeacons of Canterbury|Archdeaconarchdeacon of Canterbury]].

| Formerly [[Bishop of Lincoln|Bishopbishop-elect of Lincoln]]; elected archbishop in 1189, but was only [[consecration|consecrated]] in 1191.

| ''Elected Archbishoparchbishop of York in June 1215, but was quashed on 20 August 1215 by [[Pope Innocent III]] on request from [[John, King of England|King John]]; later became [[List of Archdeacons of Canterbury|Archdeaconarchdeacon of Canterbury]].''

| ''Elected Archbishoparchbishop in August 1405, but was quashed in May 1406.''

| ''Nominated Archbishoparchbishop in May 1406 by [[Pope Innocent VII]], but was vetoed by King [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV]].''

| ''Elected Archbishoparchbishop in 1423, but was quashed in 1424.''

| [[File:Archbishop Richard Fleming.jpg|60px]] ''[[Richard Fleming (bishop)|Richard Fleming]]''

| ''Conferred as Archbishoparchbishop by [[Pope Martin V]], but was refused by King [[Henry V of England|Henry V]], and Fleming resigned the appointment in July 1425.''

| [[File:Archbishop Savage.png|60px|Archbishop Savage]]'''[[Thomas Savage (bishop)|Thomas Savage]]'''

| [[File:Abp Sir -William -Dawes-3rd-Bt.jpg|60px]] [[Sir William Dawes, 3rd Baronet|Sir '''William Dawes''', Bt.]]

| [[File:Sir Joshua Reynolds - Robert Hay Drummond, D. D. Archbishop of York... - 46-1930 - Saint Louis Art Museum.jpg|60px]] '''[[Robert Hay Drummond]]'''

| [[File:Official portrait of The Lord Archbishop of York crop 2.jpg|60px]] '''[[John Sentamu]]'''<ref>[http://www.archbishopofyork.org/761 The Archbishop of York] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203205738/http://www.archbishopofyork.org/761 |date=3 December 2008 }}. The official website of Dr John Sentamu, Archbishop of York. Retrieved on 21 November 2008.</ref>

| Translated from [[Bishop of Birmingham|Birmingham]]; retired 7 June 2020.<ref>{{cite webnews |title=Archbishop of York Dr John Sentamu to retire |work=BBC News |date=October 2018 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-45707419 |website=BBC News |access-date=2 October 2018}}</ref>

| Translated from [[Bishop of Chelmsford|Chelmsford]]; [[confirmation of bishops|election confirmed]] 9 July 2020.<ref name="sc-cofe">[{{Cite web|url=https://www.archbishopofyork.org/news/news-2020/confirmation-election-bishop-stephen-cottrell-98th-archbishop-york-thursday-9-july]|title=Search results}}</ref>

| rowspan=3|as [[Archbishoparchbishop of Canterbury]]

| colspan=2|Retired from the House in 2011;<ref>[{{Cite web|url=https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/9284819.former-archbishop-of-york-retires-from-house-of-lords/]|title = Former Archbishop of York retires from House of Lords}}</ref> extinct in 2019

| colspan=2|Retired from the House in 2015;<ref>[{{Cite web|url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/2015-05-19/debates/15051926000022/RetirementsOfMembers]|title = Retirements of Members - Hansard - UK Parliament}}</ref> extant

*1929{{snd}}19311929–1931 (res.): [[Bernard Heywood]] — overseeing—overseeing the Archdeaconryarchdeaconry of the East Riding — formerRiding—former [[Bishopbishop of Southwell]]; became [[Bishopbishop suffragan of Hull]] (i.e., effectively the same role) and [[Archdeaconarchdeacon of the East Riding]]<ref>{{Who's Who |id=U238551 |othernamestitle=Heywood, Bernard Oliver Francis |surname=Heywood }}</ref>

*1964{{snd}}19701964–1970 (ret.): [[Mervyn Armstrong]], Adviseradviser on Industryindustry to the Archbishoparchbishop of York and former [[Bishopbishop of Jarrow]]<ref>{{Who's Who |id=U161538 |othernames=Mervyn |surnametitle=Armstrong, Mervyn}}</ref>

*1969{{snd}}19961969–1996 (d.): George Cockin, Rector of [[Bainton, East Riding of Yorkshire|Bainton]] (until 1978) and former [[Bishopbishop of Owerri]]. George Eyles Irwin Cockin (15 August 1908{{snd}}18 November 1996)<ref name="cockin">{{Who's Who |id=U177606 |othernamestitle=Cockin, George Eyles Irwin |surname=Cockin }}</ref> was an Irish missionary in Nigeria.<ref name="owerri">[{{Cite web|url=http://www.owerrianglican.org/staff_profile.php]|title = Diocese of Owerri (Anglican Communion)}}</ref> Educated at [[Repton School|Repton]] and [[Leeds University]], he was a Tutor at St&nbsp;Paul's College, [[Awka]] (1933–40) and then a Supervisor of Anglican Schools in East Nigeria (1940–52) before training for the ministry at [[Lincoln Theological College]]. He was made deacon in 1953, ordained priest in 1954 and served his title (curacy) in [[Kimberworth]] until 1955. He then returned to Nigeria as Senior Supervisor of Anglican Schools in East Nigeria until 1958; during which time he was also additionally made a Canon of All&nbsp;Saints Cathedral, [[Onitsha]] ([[Anglican Diocese on the Niger|Diocese on the Niger]]), 1957.<ref name="cockin" /> He was elected the first [[Bishopbishop of Owerri]] in 1959 and served until his resignation in 1969.<ref name="cockin" /> He was consecrated a bishop on 27 January 1959 by [[James Horstead]], [[Archbishoparchbishop of West Africa]] and [[Bishopbishop of Sierra Leone]].<ref name="owerri" />

*1977{{snd}}19941977–1994 (d.): [[Richard Wimbush]], Priestpriest-in-charge of [[Etton, East Riding of Yorkshire|Etton]] with [[Dalton Holme]] (until 1983) and former [[Bishopbishop of Argyll and Thethe Isles (Episcopal)|Bishopbishop of Argyll and Thethe Isles]] and [[Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church|Primus]]<ref>{{Who's Who |id=U176323 |othernamestitle=Wimbush, Richard Knyvet |surname=Wimbush }}</ref>

* {{cite book |last = Greenway |first = D. E. |year=1999 |chapter-url = http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=8457 |chapter=Archbishops of York |title=Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300 |volume=Volume 6: York |publisher=[[British History Online]] }}

* {{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=B |year=1963 |chapter-url = http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32506 |chapter=Archbishops of York |title=Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541 |volume=Volume 6: Northern Province (York, Carlise and Durham) |publisher=[[British History Online]] }}

* {{cite book |last = Foot |first = Sarah |author-link = Sarah Foot |editor1-last=Foster |editor1-first=Paul|editor2-last=Moriarty |editor2-first=Rachel |title=The Bishops of Selsey and the creation of a Diocese in Sussex |journal = Chichester - Thethe Palace and itsIts Bishops |publisher=University of Chichester |location=Chichester |series=Otter memorial Paper |volume=27 |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-907852-03-9 }}

* {{cite book |last1=Horn |first1 = J. M. |last2=Smith |first2=D. M. |year=1979 |chapter-url = http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=34535 |chapter=Archbishops of York |title=Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857 |volume=Volume 4: York Diocese |publisher=[[British History Online]] }}