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{{Short description|Senior bishop in the Church of England
{{Use British English|date=February 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
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| coat = File:Arms SeeOfYork.svg
| coat_size = 200
| coat_caption = Arms of the [[Diocese of York]]: ''Gules, two keys in saltire the wards upwards argent in chief a regal crown proper''<ref>Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.1173, with added "the wards upwards" for clarity, as per Debrett's blazon for
| incumbent = [[Stephen Cottrell]]
| incumbent_note = since 9 July 2020
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<!---- Website ---->
| website = {{URL|archbishopofyork.org}}
|jurisdiction=|name=|image=Installation of the Bishops of Barking and Colchester (14983891360) (Stephen Cottrell cropped).jpg|country=|headquarters=|denomination=}}
{{Anglicanism}}
The '''archbishop of York''' is a senior bishop in the [[Church of England]], second only to the [[archbishop of Canterbury]]. The archbishop is the [[diocesan bishop]] of the [[Diocese of York]] and the [[metropolitan bishop]] of the [[
The archbishop's throne (''[[cathedra]]'') is in [[York Minster]] in central [[York]] and the official residence is [[Bishopthorpe Palace]] in the village of [[Bishopthorpe]] outside York. The current archbishop is [[Stephen Cottrell]], since the [[confirmation of bishops|confirmation of his election]] on 9 July 2020.<ref name="sc-cofe" />
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There was a bishop in [[Eboracum]] ([[Roman Britain|Roman]] York) from very early times; during the Middle Ages, it was thought to have been one of the dioceses established by the [[legendary Kings of Britain|legendary]] [[Lucius of Britain|King Lucius]]. Bishops of York are known to have been present at the councils of [[Council of Arles|Arles]] ([[Eborius]]) and [[First Council of Nicaea|Nicaea]] (unnamed). However, this early Christian community was later [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|destroyed by the pagan Anglo-Saxons]] and there is no direct succession from these bishops to the post-Augustinian ones.
===Middle Ages===
The [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] diocese was refounded by [[Paulinus of York|Paulinus]] (a member of [[Augustine of Canterbury|Augustine's mission]]) in the 7th century. Notable among these early bishops is [[Wilfrid]]. These early bishops of York acted as diocesan rather than archdiocesan prelates until the time of [[Ecgbert (bishop)|Ecgbert of York]],{{efn|Paulinus was appointed
At the time of the Norman invasion York had jurisdiction over [[Anglican Diocese of Worcester|Worcester]], [[Diocese of Lichfield|Lichfield]], and [[Diocese of Lincoln|Lincoln]], as well as claiming the dioceses in the Northern Isles and [[Scotland]] which were in fact independent. <ref> Davuit Broun, ''Scottish Independence and the Idea of Britain: From the Picts to Alexander III'', p. 115</ref> But the first three sees just mentioned were taken from York in 1072. In 1154 the suffragan sees of the [[Diocese of Sodor and Man|Isle of Man]] and [[Orkney]] were transferred to the Norwegian [[archbishop of Nidaros]] (today's Trondheim), and in 1188 York finally accepted it had no authority over all of the Scottish dioceses except [[Whithorn]], so that only the dioceses of [[Diocese of Galloway|Whithorn]], [[Diocese of Durham|Durham]], and [[Diocese of Carlisle|Carlisle]] remained to the archbishops as suffragan sees. Of these, Durham was practically independent, for the [[county palatine|palatine]] bishops of that see were little short of sovereigns in their own jurisdiction. Sodor and Man were returned to York during the 14th century, to compensate for the loss of Whithorn to the Scottish Church.
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===English Reformation===
At the time of the [[English Reformation]], York possessed three suffragan sees, Durham, Carlisle, and Sodor and Man, to which during the brief space of [[Mary I of England|Queen Mary I]]'s reign (1553–1558) may be added the Diocese of Chester, founded by [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]], but subsequently recognised by the Pope.
Until the mid 1530s (and from 1553 to 1558) the bishops and archbishops were Catholics in communion with the [[pope]] in Rome. This is no longer the case, as the archbishop of York, together with the rest of the [[Church of England]], is a member of the [[Anglican Communion]].
[[Walter de Grey]] purchased [[York Place]] as his London residence, which after the fall of [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] [[Thomas Wolsey]], was renamed the [[Palace of Whitehall]].
==Styles and privileges==
{{Redirect|Primate of England|the Primate of All England|Archbishop of Canterbury}}
The archbishop of York is an ''ex officio'' member of the House of Lords and is styled Primate of England (whereas the archbishop of Canterbury is the Primate of All England); he is referred to as "The Most Reverend", retired archbishops are styled as "The Right Reverend". As archbishops are, by convention, appointed to the [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Privy Council]] they may, therefore, also use the style of "[[The Right Honourable]]" for life (unless they are later removed from the council). In debates in the House of Lords, the archbishop is referred to as "The Most Reverend Primate, the archbishop of York". "The Right Honourable" is not used in this instance. He may also be formally addressed as "Your Grace"—or, more often these days, simply as "archbishop", or "Father".
The surname of the archbishop of York is not always used in formal documents; often only the first name and see are mentioned. The archbishop is legally entitled to sign his name as "Ebor" (from the [[Latin]] for York). The right to use a title as a legal signature is only permitted to bishops, [[peers of the Realm]] and peers by courtesy.{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} The current archbishop of York usually signs as "''+Stephen Ebor''".
In the [[Order of precedence in England and Wales|English and Welsh order of precedence]], the archbishop of York is ranked above all individuals in the realm, with the exception of the sovereign and members of the [[British Royal Family|royal family]], the archbishop of Canterbury and the [[Lord Chancellor]].<ref>''[[Whitaker's Almanack]]'', 2008 – (Precedence, England and Wales)</ref> Immediately below him is the [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] and then the [[Lord President of the Council]].
==Present==
The archbishop of York is the [[metropolitan bishop]] of the [[
The Province of York includes 10 Anglican dioceses in [[Northern England]]: [[Diocese of Blackburn|Blackburn]], [[Diocese of Carlisle|Carlisle]], [[Diocese of Chester|Chester]], [[Diocese of Durham|Durham]], [[Diocese of Liverpool|Liverpool]], [[Anglican Diocese of Manchester|Manchester]],
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| style="text-align: center;" | 669
| '''[[Chad of Mercia|Chad]]'''
| Resigned the [[Episcopal see|see]] of York; later became [[Bishop of Lichfield|
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | 678
| '''[[Wilfrid]]''' ''(I)''
| Ejected from York; later became [[
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | 714
| '''[[John of Beverley]]'''
| [[Translation (ecclesiastical)|Translated]] from [[
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
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|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
| style="text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ''735''
| '''[[Ecgbert (bishop)|Ecgbert]]'''
| York elevated to
|-
! colspan="4" style="background-color: #7F1734; color: white;" | Pre-Conquest
|-
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| style="text-align: center;" | 766
| '''Ecgbert'''
| York elevated to
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
| style="text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
| '''[[Æthelbert of York|Æthelbert]]'''
| Also known as Æthelbeorht, Adalberht, Ælberht, Aelberht, Aldbert or Æthelbert.
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
| style="text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | 796
| '''[[Eanbald (died 796)|Eanbald]]''' ''(I)''
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|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
| style="text-align: center;" | 796
| style="text-align: center;" |
| '''[[Eanbald (floruit 798)|Eanbald]]''' ''(II)''
|
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
| style="text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
| '''[[Wulfsige of York|Wulfsige]]'''
|
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|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
| style="text-align: center;" | 854
| style="text-align: center;" |
| '''[[Wulfhere of York|Wulfhere]]'''
| Fled the Danes in 872, returned in 873.
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|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
| style="text-align: center;" | 900
| style="text-align: center;" |
| '''[[Æthelbald of York|Æthelbald]]'''
| Sometimes known as Æthelbeald, Athelbald, or Ethelbald.
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
| style="text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | 931
| '''[[Hrotheweard]]'''
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|
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
| style="text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | 971
| '''[[Oscytel]]'''
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | ''1140''
| ''[[Waltheof of Melrose]]''
| ''Nominated
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | ''1140''
| [[File:Henri de Sully.JPG|60px]] ''[[Henry de Sully (died 1189)|Henry de Sully]]''
| ''[[Abbot]] of [[Fécamp Abbey]]. Nominated
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | ''1147''
| ''[[Hilary of Chichester]]''
| Deposed by [[Pope Eugene III]], elected [[
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | 1181
| [[File:Roger de Pont L'Évêque.jpg|60px]] '''[[Roger de Pont L'Évêque]]'''
| Formerly [[List of Archdeacons of Canterbury|
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | 1212
| '''[[Geoffrey (archbishop of York)|Geoffrey]]''' (Plantagenet)
| Formerly [[Bishop of Lincoln|
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | ''1215''
| ''[[Simon Langton (archdeacon)|Simon Langton]]''
| ''Elected
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | ''1406''
| ''[[Thomas Langley]]''
| ''Elected
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | ''1407''
| [[File:LedgerStone RobertHallam KonstanzMinster.jpg|60px]] ''[[Robert Hallam]]''
| ''Nominated
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | ''1424''
| ''[[Philip Morgan (bishop)|Philip Morgan]]''
| ''Elected
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | ''1425''
| [[File:Archbishop Richard Fleming.jpg|60px]] ''[[Richard Fleming (bishop)|Richard Fleming]]''
| ''Conferred as
|- valign="top" style="background-color: #F7F0F2;"
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| style="text-align: center;" | 1714
| style="text-align: center;" | 1724
| [[File:
| Translated from [[Bishop of Chester|Chester]].
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| style="text-align: center;" | 1761
| style="text-align: center;" | 1776
| [[File:Sir Joshua Reynolds - Robert Hay Drummond, D. D. Archbishop of York... - 46-1930 - Saint Louis Art Museum.jpg|60px]] '''[[Robert Hay Drummond]]'''
| Translated from [[Bishop of Salisbury|Salisbury]].
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| style="text-align: center;" | 2005
| style="text-align: center;" | 2020<br />''{{small|retired}}''
| [[File:Official portrait of The Lord Archbishop of York crop 2.jpg|60px]] '''[[John Sentamu]]'''<ref>[http://www.archbishopofyork.org/761 The Archbishop of York] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203205738/http://www.archbishopofyork.org/761 |date=3 December 2008 }}. The official website of
| Translated from [[Bishop of Birmingham|Birmingham]]; retired 7 June 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=Archbishop of York Dr John Sentamu to retire |work=BBC News |date=October 2018 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-45707419 |access-date=2 October 2018}}</ref>
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white"
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| [[Baron Lang of Lambeth]] in 1942
| Extinct in 1945
| rowspan=3|as [[
|-
| [[Michael Ramsey]]
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|-
|}
==Footnotes==▼
{{notelist}}▼
==Assistant bishops==
{{anchor|George Cockin}}
Among those who have served as assistant bishops of the diocese have been:
*
*
*
*
==See also==
*[[Accord of Winchester]]
▲==Footnotes==
▲{{notelist}}
== References ==
|