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Archbishop of York: Difference between revisions

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|jurisdiction=|name=|image=Installation of the Bishops of Barking and Colchester (14983891360) (Stephen Cottrell cropped).jpg|country=|headquarters=|denomination=}}
{{Anglicanism}}
The '''Archbishoparchbishop of York''' is a senior bishop in the [[Church of England]], second only to the [[archbishop of Canterbury]]. The archbishop is the [[diocesan bishop]] of the [[Diocese of York]] and the [[metropolitan bishop]] of the [[province of York]], which covers the northern regions of England (north of the [[river Trent|Trent]]) as well as the [[Isle of Man]].
 
The archbishop's throne (''[[cathedra]]'') is in [[York Minster]] in central [[York]] and the official residence is [[Bishopthorpe Palace]] in the village of [[Bishopthorpe]] outside York. The current archbishop is [[Stephen Cottrell]], since the [[confirmation of bishops|confirmation of his election]] on 9 July 2020.<ref name="sc-cofe" />
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There was a bishop in [[Eboracum]] ([[Roman Britain|Roman]] York) from very early times; during the Middle Ages, it was thought to have been one of the dioceses established by the [[legendary Kings of Britain|legendary]] [[Lucius of Britain|King&nbsp;Lucius]]. Bishops of York are known to have been present at the councils of [[Council of Arles|Arles]] ([[Eborius]]) and [[First Council of Nicaea|Nicaea]] (unnamed). However, this early Christian community was later [[Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain|destroyed by the pagan Anglo-Saxons]] and there is no direct succession from these bishops to the post-Augustinian ones.
 
===Middle Ages===
===Anglo-Saxon, Viking and Medieval times===
The [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] diocese was refounded by [[Paulinus of York|Paulinus]] (a member of [[Augustine of Canterbury|Augustine's mission]]) in the 7th century. Notable among these early bishops is [[Wilfrid]]. These early bishops of York acted as diocesan rather than archdiocesan prelates until the time of [[Ecgbert (bishop)|Ecgbert of York]],{{efn|Paulinus was appointed archbishop of York by [[Pope Honorius I]] in 634, but the appointment was not effective since it occurred after Paulinus had fled from York and become bishop of Rochester.<ref>Costambeys "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/21626 Paulinus (St&nbsp;Paulinus) (d. 644)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''</ref>}} who received the [[pallium]] from [[Pope Gregory III]] in 735 and established metropolitan rights in the north. Until the Danish invasion the archbishops of Canterbury occasionally exercised authority, and it was not until the [[Norman Conquest]] that the archbishops of York asserted their complete independence.
 
At the time of the Norman invasion York had jurisdiction over [[Anglican Diocese of Worcester|Worcester]], [[Diocese of Lichfield|Lichfield]], and [[Diocese of Lincoln|Lincoln]], as well as claiming the dioceses in the Northern Isles and [[Scotland]] which were in fact independent. <ref> Davuit Broun, ''Scottish Independence and the Idea of Britain: From the Picts to Alexander III'', p. 115</ref> But the first three sees just mentioned were taken from York in 1072. In 1154 the suffragan sees of the [[Diocese of Sodor and Man|Isle of Man]] and [[Orkney]] were transferred to the Norwegian [[archbishop of Nidaros]] (today's Trondheim), and in 1188 York finally accepted it had no authority over all of the Scottish dioceses except [[Whithorn]], so that only the dioceses of [[Diocese of Galloway|Whithorn]], [[Diocese of Durham|Durham]], and [[Diocese of Carlisle|Carlisle]] remained to the archbishops as suffragan sees. Of these, Durham was practically independent, for the [[county palatine|palatine]] bishops of that see were little short of sovereigns in their own jurisdiction. Sodor and Man were returned to York during the 14th century, to compensate for the loss of Whithorn to the Scottish Church.
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===English Reformation===
At the time of the [[English Reformation]], York possessed three suffragan sees, Durham, Carlisle, and Sodor and Man, to which during the brief space of [[Mary I of England|Queen Mary I]]'s reign (1553–1558) may be added the Diocese of Chester, founded by [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]], but subsequently recognised by the Pope.
 
Until the mid 1530s (and from 1553 to 1558) the bishops and archbishops were Catholics in communion with the [[pope]] in Rome. This is no longer the case, as the archbishop of York, together with the rest of the [[Church of England]], is a member of the [[Anglican Communion]].
 
[[Walter de Grey]] purchased [[York Place]] as his London residence, which after the fall of [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] [[Thomas Wolsey]], was renamed the [[Palace of Whitehall]].
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| style="text-align: center;" | 1714
| style="text-align: center;" | 1724
| [[File:Abp Sir -William -Dawes-3rd-Bt.jpg|60px]] [[Sir William Dawes, 3rd Baronet|Sir '''William Dawes''', Bt.]]
| Translated from [[Bishop of Chester|Chester]].
 
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| style="text-align: center;" | 1761
| style="text-align: center;" | 1776
| [[File:Sir Joshua Reynolds - Robert Hay Drummond, D. D. Archbishop of York... - 46-1930 - Saint Louis Art Museum.jpg|60px]] '''[[Robert Hay Drummond]]'''
| Translated from [[Bishop of Salisbury|Salisbury]].
 
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| style="text-align: center;" | 2005
| style="text-align: center;" | 2020<br />''{{small|retired}}''
| [[File:Official portrait of The Lord Archbishop of York crop 2.jpg|60px]] '''[[John Sentamu]]'''<ref>[http://www.archbishopofyork.org/761 The Archbishop of York] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203205738/http://www.archbishopofyork.org/761 |date=3 December 2008 }}. The official website of Dr John Sentamu, Archbishop of York. Retrieved on 21 November 2008.</ref>
| Translated from [[Bishop of Birmingham|Birmingham]]; retired 7 June 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=Archbishop of York Dr John Sentamu to retire |work=BBC News |date=October 2018 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-45707419 |access-date=2 October 2018}}</ref>
|- valign="top" style="background-color: white"
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{{anchor|George Cockin}}
Among those who have served as assistant bishops of the diocese have been:
*1929{{snd}}19311929–1931 (res.): [[Bernard Heywood]] — overseeing—overseeing the archdeaconry of the East Riding — formerRiding—former [[bishop of Southwell]]; became [[bishop suffragan of Hull]] (i.e., effectively the same role) and [[archdeacon of the East Riding]]<ref>{{Who's Who |id=U238551 |othernamestitle=Heywood, Bernard Oliver Francis |surname=Heywood }}</ref>
*1964{{snd}}19701964–1970 (ret.): [[Mervyn Armstrong]], Adviseradviser on Industryindustry to the archbishop of York and former [[bishop of Jarrow]]<ref>{{Who's Who |id=U161538 |othernames=Mervyn |surnametitle=Armstrong, Mervyn}}</ref>
*1969{{snd}}19961969–1996 (d.): George Cockin, Rector of [[Bainton, East Riding of Yorkshire|Bainton]] (until 1978) and former [[bishop of Owerri]]. George Eyles Irwin Cockin (15 August 1908{{snd}}18 November 1996)<ref name="cockin">{{Who's Who |id=U177606 |othernamestitle=Cockin, George Eyles Irwin |surname=Cockin }}</ref> was an Irish missionary in Nigeria.<ref name="owerri">{{Cite web|url=http://www.owerrianglican.org/staff_profile.php|title = Diocese of Owerri (Anglican Communion)}}</ref> Educated at [[Repton School|Repton]] and [[Leeds University]], he was a Tutor at St&nbsp;Paul's College, [[Awka]] (1933–40) and then a Supervisor of Anglican Schools in East Nigeria (1940–52) before training for the ministry at [[Lincoln Theological College]]. He was made deacon in 1953, ordained priest in 1954 and served his title (curacy) in [[Kimberworth]] until 1955. He then returned to Nigeria as Senior Supervisor of Anglican Schools in East Nigeria until 1958; during which time he was also additionally made a Canon of All&nbsp;Saints Cathedral, [[Onitsha]] ([[Anglican Diocese on the Niger|Diocese on the Niger]]), 1957.<ref name="cockin" /> He was elected the first [[bishop of Owerri]] in 1959 and served until his resignation in 1969.<ref name="cockin" /> He was consecrated a bishop on 27 January 1959 by [[James Horstead]], [[archbishop of West Africa]] and [[bishop of Sierra Leone]].<ref name="owerri" />
*1977{{snd}}19941977–1994 (d.): [[Richard Wimbush]], Priestpriest-in-charge of [[Etton, East Riding of Yorkshire|Etton]] with [[Dalton Holme]] (until 1983) and former [[bishop of Argyll and the Isles (Episcopal)|bishop of Argyll and the Isles]] and [[Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church|Primus]]<ref>{{Who's Who |id=U176323 |othernamestitle=Wimbush, Richard Knyvet |surname=Wimbush }}</ref>
 
==See also==