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A common way to increase vitamin B intake is by using [[dietary supplement]]s. B vitamins are commonly added to [[energy drink]]s, many of which have been marketed with large amounts of B vitamins.<ref name="Woolston">{{cite news|title=B vitamins don't boost energy drinks' power | first = Chris | last = Woolston | name-list-style = vanc |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=July 14, 2008 |url=http://www.latimes.com/features/health/la-he-skeptic14-2008jul14,0,3939169.story |access-date=2008-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081019063954/http://www.latimes.com/features/health/la-he-skeptic14-2008jul14%2C0%2C3939169.story |archive-date=19 October 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Because they are soluble in water, excess B vitamins are generally readily excreted, although individual absorption, use and metabolism may vary.<ref name="Woolston"/> The elderly and athletes may need to supplement their intake of B<sub>12</sub> and other B vitamins due to problems in absorption and increased needs for energy production.{{medcn|date=August 2016}} In cases of severe deficiency, B vitamins, especially B<sub>12</sub>, may also be delivered by injection to reverse deficiencies.<ref name="Vitamin B injections mentioned">{{cite web|url=http://www.health24.com/dietnfood/Whats_in_food/15-47-94-100.asp|title=Vitamin B injections mentioned|access-date=2008-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703235323/http://www.health24.com/dietnfood/Whats_in_food/15-47-94-100.asp|archive-date=2008-07-03|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{medrs|date=August 2016}} Both type 1 and type 2 diabetics may also be advised to supplement thiamine based on high prevalence of low plasma thiamine concentration and increased thiamine clearance associated with diabetes.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Thornalley PJ, Babaei-Jadidi R, Al Ali H, Rabbani N, Antonysunil A, Larkin J, Ahmed A, Rayman G, Bodmer CW | display-authors = 6 | title = High prevalence of low plasma thiamine concentration in diabetes linked to a marker of vascular disease | journal = Diabetologia | volume = 50 | issue = 10 | pages = 2164–70 | date = October 2007 | pmid = 17676306 | pmc = 1998885 | doi = 10.1007/s00125-007-0771-4 }}</ref> Also, folate deficiency in early embryo development has been linked to [[neural tube defects]]. Thus, women planning to become pregnant are usually encouraged to increase daily dietary folate intake or take a supplement.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Shaw GM, Schaffer D, Velie EM, Morland K, Harris JA | title = Periconceptional vitamin use, dietary folate, and the occurrence of neural tube defects | journal = Epidemiology | volume = 6 | issue = 3 | pages = 219–26 | date = May 1995 | pmid = 7619926 | doi = 10.1097/00001648-199505000-00005 | s2cid = 2740838 }}</ref>
==Molecular functions==
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