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Belarusian nationality law: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{refimprove|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox legislation
|short_title = Belarusian Citizenship Act
|legislature = [[Parliament of Belarus]]
|image = Coat of arms of Belarus - black and white(2020).svg
|imagesize =
|imagealt =
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}}
 
'''Belarusian citizenshipnationality law''' isregulates membershipthe manner in thewhich politicalone communityacquires, ofor theis eligible to acquire, [[Belarus|RepublicBelarusian]] ofnationality, Belarus]]citizenship. Belarusian citizenscitizenship alsois hold [[citizenship]]membership in the [[Unionpolitical State|Union Statecommunity of Russiathe andRepublic of Belarus]].
 
Belarusian citizenship is acquired and terminated in accordance with the [[Citizenship]] Act of the [[Republic of Belarus]] (2002), as well as international treaties to which [[Belarus]] is a party. These treaties include a 1998 treaty with [[Kazakhstan]], a 1999 treaty with [[Ukraine]], and a 1999 treaty with [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kyrgyzstan]] and [[Russia]].
 
Only a person who is a Belarusian citizen by birth can be the President of the Republic of Belarus.
 
==History==
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===Termination of citizenship===
 
Belarusian citizenship can be terminated by: [[renunciation of citizenship|renunciation]] and [[loss of citizenship]], such as by entering the military service, police service or government service in another state.
 
* [[renunciation of citizenship|Renunciation]]
According to the Nationality Act, only persons 18 years and older may renounce their citizenship, as long as they possess another citizenship or guarantee of acquisition thereof, do not have any debts or unfulfilled obligations and are not under criminal prosecution. Under 18s must have a renouncing application submitted by their parent(s).
 
* loss of citizenship, such as by entering the military service, police service or government service in another state.
In practice, not [[conscription|military service]] can be used as grounds for refusing renunciation, even for minors, as it is considered an 'unfulfilled obligation'.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://news.zerkalo.io/life/61604.html | title=Украинец и белоруска хотели вывести ребенка из белорусского гражданства. Власти нашли удивительный повод для отказа | date=20 February 2024 }}</ref>
 
==Visa requirements==
{{main|Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens}}
[[File:Visa Requirements for Belarusian Citizens.svg|400px|thumb|Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens
[[File:Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens.png|thumbnail|400px|right|Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens{{legend|#ff0000|Belarus}}{{legend|#22b14c|Visa free}}{{legend|#b5e61d|Visa issued upon arrival}}{{legend|#61c09a|Electronic authorization or [[eVisa]]}}{{legend|#79D343|Visa available both on arrival or online}}{{legend|#ffeb3b|Visa-free for voucher holders}}{{legend|#adadad|Visa required prior to arrival}}]]
{{legend|#002377|Belarus}}
In 2017, Belarusian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 67 countries and territories, ranking the [[Belarusian passport]] 70th in terms of travel freedom according to the [[Visa (document)#Visa restrictions|Henley visa restrictions index]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Global Ranking - Visa Restriction Index 2017|url=https://henleyglobal.com/files/download/hvri/HP_Visa_Restrictions_Index_170301.pdf|publisher=Henley & Partners|access-date=14 March 2017|archive-date=13 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113123213/https://henleyglobal.com/files/download/hvri/HP_Visa_Restrictions_Index_170301.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Possession of a Belarusian passport is compulsory under the law.
{{legend|#1191E5|Free movement ([[Union State]])}}
 
{{legend|#22B14C|Visa free access}}
==External links==
{{legend|#B5E61D|Visa on arrival}}
*[http://www.mfa.gov.by/en/ Ministry of Foreign Affairs]
{{legend|#61C7A1|[[eVisa]]}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060821224251/http://www.scipio.fatal.ru/bssr.html Aliens Decree 1922 (in Russian)]
{{legend|#79D343|Visa available both on arrival or online}}
*[http://www.pravo.by/webnpa/text_txt.asp?RN=H10200136 Citizenship Act 2002 (in Russian)]
{{legend|#ABABAB|Visa required prior to arrival}}]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050317072900/http://www.uvd-mo.gov.by/services/pvs/ppvzak/uprcitiz/ Treaty with Ukraine, Treaty between Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Belarus (in Russian)]
In 2024, Belarusian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 81 countries and territories, ranking the [[Belarusian passport]] 66th in terms of travel freedom according to the [[Henley_Passport_Index]]. Possession of a Belarusian passport is compulsory under the law.
 
==See also==
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<references />
 
==External links==
<br/>{{Belarus topics}}
*[http://www.mfa.gov.by/en/ Ministry of Foreign Affairs]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060821224251/http://www.scipio.fatal.ru/bssr.html Aliens Decree 1922 (in Russian)]
*[http://www.pravo.by/webnpa/text_txt.asp?RN=H10200136 Citizenship Act 2002 (in Russian)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050317072900/http://www.uvd-mo.gov.by/services/pvs/ppvzak/uprcitiz/ Treaty with Ukraine, Treaty between Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Belarus (in Russian)]
 
<br/>{{Belarus topics}}
{{Nationality laws}}
 
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[[Category:Nationality law]]
[[Category:History of nationality]]
[[Category:BelarusianSociety societyof Belarus]]
[[Category:Law of Belarus]]