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'''Benign acute childhood myositis''' (BACM) is a syndrome characterized by muscle weakness and pain
▲'''Benign acute childhood myositis''' (BACM) is a syndrome characterized by muscle weakness and pain of the lower limbs that develop in children after a recent viral illness. It is transient with a spontaneous clinical resolution within 1 week.<ref name=brisca>{{cite journal|vauthors=Brisca G, Mariani M, Pirlo D, et al |title=Management and outcome of benign acute childhood myositis in pediatric emergency department|journal=Italian Journal of Pediatrics |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=57 |date=2021 |pmid=123455}}</ref><ref name=azevedo>{{cite journal|vauthors=Costa Azevedo A, Costa E Silva A, Juliana Silva C, Poço Miranda S, Costa M, Martinho I.|title=Benign acute childhood myositis: A 5-year retrospective study|journal=Arch Pediatr |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=490–493 |date=2022 |pmid=36109287 }}</ref>
==Symptoms==
Prodromal symptoms are typically fever, cough, and rhinorrhea. BACM symptoms that follow are most frequently calf pain, gait complaints, and inability to walk.<ref name=azevedo/> The condition is self-limited and full restitution can be expected. In very rare cases, however, [[rhabdomyolysis]] may develop.<ref name=brisca/>
Affected are preschool and school-age children with a male predominance.<ref name=azevedo/> In one study, the median age was 6 years (range
==Diagnosis==
The history of a preceding influenza-like infection followed by the typical symptoms of acute onset of symmetrical calf pain and gait problems together with an isolated finding of a high level of [[creatine kinase]] suggests the diagnosis of BACM.<ref name=chu>{{cite journal| vauthors=Chu EC, Yip AS| title= A rare presentation of benign acute childhood myositis |journal=Clin Case Rep |year=2019 |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=461–464 |doi=10.1002/ccr3.2001 |
[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]] (GBS) is the main consideration in the differential diagnosis. It needs to be quickly excluded as early intervention in GBS is indicated. Other conditions under possible consideration are [[dermatomyositis]], [[muscular dystrophy]], [[juvenile idiopathic arthritis]], [[transient synovitis of the hip]], [[osteomyelitis]], and [[myalgia]].<ref name=brisca/>
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==Preceding viral infections==
A number of different preceding viral infections have been reported, most commonly [[influenza A]] and [[influenza B|B]]. The condition appears to be more prevalent during late fall, winter, and spring.<ref name=azevedo/> Other virus infections that have been linked to BACM are those caused by [[Parainfluenza]], [[Coxsackievirus]], [[Adenovirus]], [[Echovirus]], and [[Mycoplasma pneumonia]].<ref name=brisca/>
Viral myositis after viral infections may also occur in adults, and viruses, such as COVID-19, have been reported as a rare cause of myositis.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Saud A, Naveen R, Aggarwal R, Gupta L | title = COVID-19 and Myositis: What We Know So Far | journal = Current Rheumatology Reports | volume = 23 | issue = 8 | pages = 63 | date = July 2021 | pmid = 34216297 | pmc = 8254439 | doi = 10.1007/s11926-021-01023-9 }}</ref>
==Management==
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==History==
in 1957 Lundberg reported on a group of patients with a condition he named ''myalgia cruris epidemica'',<ref>{{cite journal| author=Lundberg A |title= Myalgia cruris epidemica |journal= Acta Paediatr (Stockh)| year=1957| volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=18–31| doi=10.1111/j.1651-2227.1957.tb08627.x |
==References==
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* [[Myositis]]
** [[Pyomyositis]]
**
| group3 = Destruction
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** [[Diastasis recti]]
* [[Spasm|Muscle spasm]]
* [[Metabolic myopathy
}}
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