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Becoming Yourself: Overcoming Mind Control and Ritual Abuse|date=2018-05-11|chapter-url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429472251-21|pages=347–370|publisher=Routledge|doi=10.4324/9780429472251-21|isbn=978-0-429-47225-1|access-date=2023-05-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Miller|first=Alison|date=2018-05-08|title=Healing the Unimaginable|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429475467|doi=10.4324/9780429475467|isbn=978-0429475467}}</ref><ref>Alayarian, A. (2018). ''Trauma, Torture and Dissociation: A Psychoanalytic View''. (n.p.): Taylor & Francis. {{ISBN?}}</ref><ref>Schwartz, H. L. (2013). ''The Alchemy of Wolves and Sheep: A Relational Approach to Internalized Perpetration in Complex Trauma Survivors''. US: ''Taylor & Francis.'' {{ISBN?}}</ref> Earlier scientific debates in the 1980s and 1990s about torture-based ritual abuse in cults was known as "[[satanic ritual abuse]]," which was mainly viewed as a "[[moral panic]]."<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Goode|first1=Erich|last2=Ben-Yehuda|first2=Nachman|date=1994|title=Moral Panics: Culture, Politics, and Social Construction|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2083363|journal=Annual Review of Sociology|volume=20|pages=149–171|doi=10.1146/annurev.so.20.080194.001053|jstor=2083363|issn=0360-0572|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=18 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718083520/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2083363|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Brain-Washing (book)|''Brain-Washing: A Synthesis of the Russian Textbook on Psychopolitics'']] published by the [[Church of Scientology]] in 1955 about brainwashing. [[L. Ron Hubbard]] authored the text and alleged it was the secret manual written by [[Lavrentiy Beria]], the [[NKVD|Soviet secret police]] chief, in 1936.<ref name="they-never-said-it" /> When the FBI ignored him, Hubbard wrote again stating that Soviet agents had, on three occasions, attempted to hire him to work against the United States, and were upset about his refusal,<ref name="atack">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/pieceofblueskysc00atac/ |title=A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed |first=Jon |last=Atack |author-link=Jon Atack |date=1990 |publisher=[[Lyle Stuart|Lyle Stuart Books]] |isbn=081840499X |ol=9429654M |page=140}}</ref> and that one agent specifically attacked him using electroshock as a weapon.<ref>{{cite book
| title=California. Court of Appeal (2nd Appellate District). Records and Briefs
| author=California (State)
| page=33
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uNbukS--lrEC&q=%22brainwashing%22+hubbard+fbi+communists&pg=PA33
}}</ref>
[[Kathleen Barry]], co-founder of the [[United Nations]] NGO, the [[Coalition Against Trafficking in Women]] (CATW),<ref name="A Distinctive Style Article">{{cite web|url=http://www.adistinctivestyle.com/i/73080/96|title=A Distinctive Style Article|access-date=21 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021043933/http://www.adistinctivestyle.com/i/73080/96|archive-date=21 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="On the Issues Article">{{cite web|url=http://www.ontheissuesmagazine.com/1995summer/pimping.php|title=On the Issues Article|publisher=Ontheissuesmagazine.com|access-date=2019-08-05|archive-date=28 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828170242/https://www.ontheissuesmagazine.com/1995summer/pimping.php|url-status=live}}</ref> prompted international awareness of human sex trafficking in her 1979 book ''Female Sexual Slavery''.<ref name="Biography at The People Speak Radio">[http://www.thepeoplespeakradio.net/2011/kathleen-barry/ Biography at The People Speak Radio] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615092814/http://www.thepeoplespeakradio.net/2011/kathleen-barry/|date=15 June 2012 }}</ref> In his 1986 book ''Woman Abuse: Facts Replacing Myths,'' Lewis Okun reported that: "Kathleen Barry shows in ''Female Sexual Slavery'' that forced female prostitution involves coercive control practices very similar to thought reform."<ref>
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