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[[Image:Ludovisi Gaul Altemps Inv8608 n3.jpg|thumb|right|thumb|250px|''[[Ludovisi Gaul]]'', an ancient Roman marble copy of a lost ancient Greek statue, thought to have been executed in bronze, commissioned some time between 230 – 220 BCE by [[Attalus I]] of [[Pergamon]] to commemorate his victory over the [[Galatians]]. It depicts a Gallic warrior who commits [[suicide]] after killing his wife to prevent her from being enslaved.]]
The '''Gauls''' or '''Gallic people''' were a [[Celts|Celtic]] people who spoke the [[Continental Celtic languages|Continental]] [[Celtic languages|Celtic]] language, [[Gaulish language|Gaulish]], and lived in [[Gaul]], the region roughly corresponding to what is now [[France]], [[Belgium]], [[Switzerland]], the parts of the [[Netherlands]] and [[Germany]] on the west bank of the Rhine, and the western parts of [[Northern Italy]], from the [[Iron Age France|Iron Age]] through the [[Roman Gaul|Roman period]]. Based from in the [[Central European]] [[La Tène culture]], the Gauls controlled trade routes along the river systems of the [[Rhône]], [[Seine]], [[Rhine]], and [[Danube]], from where they expanded into [[Cisalpine Gaul#Celts in Cisalpine Gaul|Northern Italy]], [[Celts in Transylvania|Eastern Europe]], [[Gallic invasion of the Balkans|the Balkans]] and [[Galatia|Anatolia]].<ref name=celt>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/227066/Gaul |title=Gaul (ancient region, Europe) |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work=[[Encyclopædia Britannica Online]] |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |accessdate=29 November 2012}}</ref>
Gaulish culture developed out of the Celtic cultures over the first millennia BCE. The [[Urnfield culture]] (c. 1300 BCE – c. 750 BCE) represents the Celts as a distinct cultural branch of the [[Proto-Indo-Europeans|Indo-Europeans]]. The spread of [[iron working]] led to the [[Hallstatt culture]] in the 8th century BCE; the [[Proto-Celtic]] may have been spoken around this time. The Hallstatt culture evolved into the [[La Tène culture]] in around the 5th century BCE.
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