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TheMouseMen (talk | contribs) →DNP in North America: removed un-cited section which talks about other doctoral degrees, not the DNP |
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In the United States, the DNP is one of three doctorate degrees in nursing, the other two being the [[Doctorate#Research doctorate|research degree]] [[doctor of philosophy|PhD]] and the [[Doctor of Nursing Science]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Reid Ponte |first1=Patricia |last2=Nicholas |first2=Patrice K. |title=Addressing the Confusion Related to DNS, DNSc, and DSN Degrees, With Lessons for the Nursing Profession: DNS, DNSc, and DSN Degrees |journal=Journal of Nursing Scholarship |date=July 2015 |volume=47 |issue=4 |pages=347–353 |doi=10.1111/jnu.12148|pmid=26078101 }}</ref> The DNP program may include clinical/residency hours, in some cases as many as 500 hours,{{Cn|date=October 2023}} as well as a capstone/final project which is usually a clinical practice research project which is often implemented through direct clinical nursing care in an effort to improve healthcare outcomes.{{Clarify|reason=Previous sentence unclear|date=October 2023}} The DNP final project often reflects the student's doctoral work, with the goal of demonstrating mastery of the student's newly acquired skills and knowledge.{{Cn|date=October 2023}}
Internationally, since the 1990s, there have been a number of doctorate level degrees available for nurses, including [[Doctor of Professional Studies]] (DProf), PhDs and others. All such doctoral nursing degrees outside of North America include mandatory research elements and take longer than a single year to complete.{{Cn|date=October 2023}} The DNP is also unique in that it is significantly shorter at one years duration than a standard doctoral degree anywhere in the world (3-5 years in Europe or 4-6 years in the USA).<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=What is a Doctorate Degree? {{!}} How Long Does it Take? {{!}} Franklin.edu |url=https://www.franklin.edu/blog/what-is-a-doctorate-degree |access-date=2023-10-18 |website=www.franklin.edu |language=en}}</ref> In areas of the world other than North America, nurses complete standard doctoral degrees of the same length as other healthcare professions, academics and researchers. There is no short course doctorate equivalent to the DNP in Europe or elsewhere in the world.
==DNP in North America==
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This places the DNP at odds with clinical doctorate degrees which require significant amounts of clinical practice hours. A doctorate in clinical psychology for example encompasses 1.5 years of clinical practice time<ref>{{Cite web |title=ClinPsyD Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (2022 entry) |url=https://www.manchester.ac.uk/study/postgraduate-research/programmes/list/10173/clinpsyd-doctorate-in-clinical-psychology/ |access-date=2022-03-24 |website=The University of Manchester |language=en}}</ref> while a medical doctorate includes around 75 weeks of clinical practice<ref>{{Cite web |last=Medicine |first=Trinity School of |title=4-Year MD Program Curriculum {{!}} Trinity School of Medicine |url=https://www.trinityschoolofmedicine.org/academics/curriculum |access-date=2022-03-24 |website=www.trinityschoolofmedicine.org |language=en}}</ref> (with further instructional clinical hours required to gain specialty medical licenses).
When viewed as an academic doctorate (rather than a clinical doctorate), it has been argued that the DNP lacks academic credibility due to the fact that the schools awarding the qualification may be accepting nurses with little or no postgraduate experience, with course curricula requiring few academic credits compared to other doctorates (e.g. 35 compared to 65) and requiring only a small project, rather than the large piece of research required for a traditional PhD.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DNP-PhD Comparison {{!}} Duke University School of Nursing |url=https://nursing.duke.edu/academic-programs/dnp-program-nursing/dnp-phd-comparison |access-date=2023-10-18 |website=nursing.duke.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Comparing the PhD & DNP |url=https://nursing.umn.edu/academics-and-admissions/which-program-right-me/comparing-phd-dnp |access-date=2023-10-18 |website=School of Nursing |language=en}}</ref> The DNP is also significantly shorter (1 year) than a standard doctoral degree (3-5years in Europe).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Third-cycle (PhD) programmes |url=https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/switzerland/third-cycle-phd-programmes |access-date=2023-10-18 |website=eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu}}</ref>
== Title confusion in the clinical setting ==
Some critics have argued that there is scope for patients and service users to be confused about whether they are consulting a physician or a nurse if nurses use the title "doctor" in a clinical setting.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gaddis |first=Gary |date=2022 |title=Nurses With a Doctorate in Nursing Practice (DNP) Should Not Call Themselves "Doctor" in a Clinical Setting |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36118817/ |journal=Missouri Medicine |volume=119 |issue=4 |pages=314–320 |issn=0026-6620 |pmc=9462903 |pmid=36118817}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=Jason E. |date=2008-11-04 |title=The Doctor of Nursing Practice: Recognizing a Need or Graying the Line Between Doctor and Nurse? |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2605113/ |journal=The Medscape Journal of Medicine |volume=10 |issue=11 |pages=253 |issn=1934-1997 |pmc=2605113 |pmid=19099003}}</ref> Lawsuits have also resulted from this confusion, where holders of the DNP have referred to themself with the title doctor in clinical settings.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NP Fined $20K for Advertising Herself as 'Doctor Sarah' |url=https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/984389 |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=Medscape |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=JD |first=Ann W. Latner |date=2023-06-06 |title=DNP Sued for Referring to Herself as Doctor |url=https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/home/my-practice/legal-advisor/dnp-sued-for-use-of-doctor/ |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=Clinical Advisor |language=en-US}}</ref> However, in some US states nursed are bringing their own legal arguements to facilitate their legal use of the title.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-08 |title=Nurse Practitioners Sue The State Of California Over Right To Use 'Doctor' In Titles {{!}} NurseJournal |url=https://nursejournal.org/articles/nurse-practitioner-doctor-title/ |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=nursejournal.org |language=en-US}}</ref>
==See also==
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