Content deleted Content added
General tidy up. Inclusion of reference to Manny Shinwell and external references |
Citation bot (talk | contribs) Alter: template type, url. URLs might have been anonymized. Add: doi, date. Removed parameters. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Whoop whoop pull up | #UCB_webform 3137/3569 |
||
| (10 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) | |||
Line 3:
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2012}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image = Lord Kirkwoods.jpg
| caption = Kirwood in 1923
| office = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]]
| term_start = 15 November 1922
| term_end =
| constituency = [[Dumbarton Burghs (UK Parliament constituency)|Dumbarton Burghs]] (1922–1950)<br/>[[East Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency)|East Dunbartonshire]] (1950–1951)
| predecessor = [[John Taylor (Dumbarton Burghs MP)|John Taylor]]
| successor = [[Cyril Bence]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1872|7|8|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Parkhead]], [[Glasgow]], U.K.<ref>{{Cite ODNB |title=The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |date=2004-09-23 |editor-last=Matthew |editor-first=H. C. G. |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34340 |access-date=2024-01-31 |place=Oxford |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/34340 |editor2-last=Harrison |editor2-first=B.}}</ref>
| death_date = {{death date and age|1955|4|16|1872|7|8|df=y}}
| death_place = Glasgow, U.K.
| name = The Lord Kirkwood
| honorific_prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
| honorific_suffix = PC
| party = [[Socialist Labour Party (UK, 1903)|Socialist Labour]] (until 1914)<br/>[[Independent Labour Party|Independent Labour]] (1914–1932)<br/>[[Scottish Socialist Party (1932)|Scottish Socialist]] (1932–1940)<br/>[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] (from 1940)
| spouse = {{marriage|Elizabeth Smith|1899}}
}}
'''David Kirkwood, 1st Baron Kirkwood''', [[Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council|PC]] (8 July 1872 – 16 April 1955), was a Scottish politician, trade unionist and [[socialist]] activist from the East End of [[Glasgow]], who served as a [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for nearly 30 years, and was as a leading figure of the [[Red Clydeside]] era.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Join Ancestry® |url=https://www.ancestry.co.uk/offers/join?dbid=60143&gsfn&gsln&h=21180593&sub=9288966291357696&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancestry.co.uk%2Fdiscoveryui-content%2Fview%2F21180593%3A60143%3Fssrc%3Dpt%26tid%3D10500631%26pid%3D132533808096 |access-date=2023-11-19 |website=www.ancestry.co.uk}}</ref>
==Biography==
Kirkwood was born in [[Glasgow]] to John Kirkwood, a labourer, and his wife Jean. Kirkwood was educated at Parkhead Public School, but left at age 12 to take employment, and was trained as an [[machinist|engineer]]. Kirkwood's earliest political involvement was through his [[trade union]], the [[Amalgamated Society of Engineers (UK)|Amalgamated Society of Engineers]] (which he joined at age 20), and the [[Socialist Labour Party (UK, 1903)|Socialist Labour Party]], which he left in 1914 to join the [[Independent Labour Party]] (ILP). He was recognised as the Scottish engineers' leader for many years.
Kirkwood served on the Glasgow Trade Council and was a member of the [[Clyde Workers' Committee]] (CWC)
In March 1916, as a result of a strike related to the implementation of the agreement, Kirkwood was arrested and deported from Glasgow to Edinburgh, an event which greatly increased his profile.<ref>''The Deported Men-'' Staffordshire Sentinel 30 March 1916</ref> He returned to Glasgow in 1917, and was employed as foreman at the Mile-End Shell Factory.
In January 1919, Kirkwood was prominently associated with the 40 Hours' Strike. Batoned and arrested along with [[Willie Gallacher (politician)|Wilie Gallacher]] and [[Manny Shinwell]], at a riot in George Square, Glasgow, he was tried for incitement to riot and acquitted.<ref>''The Strikes-Clyde leaders arrested and Riot Act read-''Huddersfield Daily Examiner - 31 January 1919</ref> At the [[1922 United Kingdom general election|1922 general election]], Kirkwood was elected as [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) [[Dumbarton Burghs (UK Parliament constituency)|Dumbarton Burghs]].
Kirkwood was one of the leading figures of the ILP in Parliament as it came into increasing conflict with the Labour Party. At the [[1931 United Kingdom general election|1931 general election]], he was returned as one of five ILP MPs without Labour Party support. However, when the ILP, with the support of [[James Maxton]], decided to disaffiliate from the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] in 1932 this was a step too far for Kirkwood, and he left the ILP to join the new [[Scottish Socialist Party (1932)|Scottish Socialist Party]] and again took the Labour Party whip.<ref name="jupp">James Jupp, ''The Radical Left in Britain: 1931-1941'', p.47</ref> Kirkwood published his autobiography, ''My Life of Revolt'' in 1935.
Line 36 ⟶ 41:
Kirkwood was a supporter of [[Home rule|Home Rule]] for Scotland.<ref>Michael Keating and David Bleiman, ''Labour and Scottish Nationalism'' (London: Macmillan, 1979), p. 116.</ref> In 1935, [[Gilbert McAllister]] said that Kirkwood, "courteous to all men but bowing to none, divides his affections among porridge and politics, the Bible and Burns, Scottish Home Rule and Socialism, his family and "ma people in Clydebank".<ref>Gilbert McAllister, ''James Maxton: The Portrait of a Rebel'' (London: John Murray, 1935), p. 108.</ref>
Kirkwood became a [[Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council|Privy Counsellor]] in 1948. When his constituency was abolished at the [[1950 United Kingdom general election|1950 general election]], he was elected for the new constituency of [[East Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency)|East Dunbartonshire]]. He left the Commons in 1951 and was created '''Baron Kirkwood of Bearsden'''
==Arms==
Line 44 ⟶ 49:
|crest = The bow of a ship affrontée Proper.
|supporters = Dexter an Ayrshire bull sinister a Clydesdale stallion both Proper the latter harnessed Or.
|motto =
==References==
Line 51 ⟶ 56:
== External links ==
* {{commons category-inline}}
* Kirkwood addressing a crowd during the Clydebank Rent Strike<ref>{{Citation |title=Rent Strike (1924) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2RKSpVkTsE |access-date=2023-11-19 |language=en}}</ref>
* {{Hansard-contribs | mr-david-kirkwood | David Kirkwood }}
| |||