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The [[Survey of Western Palestine]] identified Daphne with Khirbet Dufnah, meaning "the ruin of Daphne ([[oleander]])", which they marked on [[Palestine Exploration Fund|their map]] in the place where [[Al-Shawka al-Tahta]] was to stand later, about 1&nbsp;km NNW of present-day Dafna.<ref>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer |year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]|page=[https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/26/mode/1up 26]}}</ref><ref name="SWPI">{{cite book | author = C. R. Conder and H. H. Kitchener | title = The Survey of Western Palestine | volume = I | year = 1881 | location = London | publisher = The Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund | page = [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/118/mode/1up 118]}} Later Israeli maps marked ''Khirbet Dafna'' at a different place 1km SE of Dafna (Sheet "Dan", 1:20,000, at 2109/2921, Survey of Israel 1956).</ref><ref>Guérin, 1880, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr00gugoog#page/n382/mode/1up 382]−384</ref>
 
An Arab settlement was founded sometime between 1858 and 1878.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Y. Karmon | title = The Settlement of the Northern Huleh Valley since 1838 | journal = Israel Exploration Journal | volume = 3 | number = 1 | year = 1953 | pages = 4–25}}</ref> Difnah was listed as a village by the [[Mandatory Palestine|Mandate]] government in 1924.<ref>{{cite periodicalbook | page = 687 |title= |periodical=Official Gazette of the Government of Palestine |volume = 116 | date = June 1, June 1924}}</ref> At the time of the [[1931 census of Palestine|1931 census]], Dafna had 66 occupied houses and a population of 318 Muslims and one Christian.<ref name="Census1931">{{cite book | editor = E. Mills | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932 | page = 105}}</ref> At the beginning of 1939, the village was pillaged by bedouin, causing most of the population to leave.<ref name="Avnieri">{{cite book | author = Arieh L. Avnieri | title = The Claim of Dispossession; Jewish Land-Settlement and the Arabs, 1878-1948 | publisher = Transaction Books | place = New Brunswick and London | year = 1984 | pages = 195–196}}</ref> The land was soon purchased by the [[Jewish National Fund]].<ref name="Avnieri"/> The JNF was represented in the negotiations by the same man, Kamel Hussein, who had earlier led the raid on [[Tel-Hai]] in which [[Josef Trumpeldor]] was killed.<ref name="Avnieri"/>
 
The original Jewish settlers were immigrants mostly from [[Poland]] and [[Lithuania]].<ref name="JNF 1948">{{cite book | title=Jewish Villages in Israel | author=Jewish National Fund | author-link=Jewish National Fund | year=1949 | publisher=Hamadpis Liphshitz Press | location=Jerusalem | page=29}}</ref>
 
By the [[Village Statistics, 1945|1944/45 statistics]], Dafna had a population of 380 Jews<ref name=1945p9>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p09.jpg 9]</ref> with a total land area of 2,663 dunams, of which Jews owned 2,189 dunams.<ref name=Hadawi69>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945,'' quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Safad/Page-069.jpg 69].</ref> Of this, a total of 2,385 [[dunam]]s of land were irrigated or used for plantations, 5 dunums were used for cereals;<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Safad/Page-118.jpg 118]</ref> while 50 dunams were classified as built-up (or Urban) area.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Safad/Page-168.jpg 168]</ref>
 
In 1947, it had a population of 600.<ref name="JNF 1948" /> During early 1947 Palmach Officer [[Moshe Kelman]] was ordered by the [[Haganah]] High Command to supervise the execution and burial of a Jew accused of collaborating with the British. The execution took place at Kibbutz Dafna.<ref>Kurzman, Don (1970) ''Genesis 1948. The First Arab-Israeli War.'' New American Library (NAL), New York. Library of Congress number 77-96925. pp.479,480</ref><ref>Nachman Ben-Yehuda. "Political Assassinations by Jews: A Rhetorical Device for Justice." SUNY Press, 1992, pp 215-216. SUNY Series in Israeli Studies</ref>
 
<gallery>
File:בעת העליה לדפנה בעמק החולה-JNF022221.jpeg|Dafna under construction, in 1939
File:דפנה - העליה לדפנה בעמק החולה-JNF034615.jpeg|Dafna under construction, in 1939
File:דפנה - ביקורו של אוסישקין במצודה שהוקמה על שמו-JNF039274.jpeg|Visit by [[Menachem Ussishkin]] on 1 May 1939
File:דפנה - צריפים בראשיתו של הקיבוץ.-JNF034537.jpeg|Dafna barracks & tower in 1939
File:חורבות ליד קיבוץ דפנה-ZKlugerPhotos-00132ft-090717068512166e.jpg|Dafna: Remains of Emir's palace in 1940
File:דפנה - מראה-JNF008560.jpeg|Dafna in 1942
File:Dafna vi.jpg|View of southern entrance to the farm, Dafna, in 1947
File:Dafna ii.jpg|Dafna, in 1948
</gallery>
After the [[1948 Palestine war]], Dafna took over part of the land belonging to the newly depopulated [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] village of [[Al-Sanbariyya]].<ref>{{cite book|title=All That Remains:The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ |first=W.|last=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=[[Washington D.C.]]|publisher=[[Institute for Palestine Studies]]|isbn=0-88728-224-5|page=494}}</ref>
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The fictional kibbutz Gan Dafna, its name presumably a nod to the real-life kibbutz Dafna, figures prominently in [[Leon Uris]]'s book [[Exodus (Uris novel)|Exodus]], as the hometown of the protagonist Ari Ben Caanan.
[[File:Tel Hai.jpg|thumb|right|Dafna, in 1946, 1:250,000]]
 
===1997 Israeli helicopter disaster===
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==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945 |url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Department of Statistics|year=1945|publisher=Government of Palestine}}
*{{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|author-link=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=http://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr00gugoog|volume=3: Galilee, pt. 2|year=1880|publisher= L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=French}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}
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