Delft University of Technology: Difference between revisions

| image = TUDelftSealZegel Technische Universiteit Delft.pngsvg

| image_upright = .78

| type = [[Public university|Public]], [[Technical University|Technicaltechnical]]

| campus = Urban ([[Universityuniversity town]])

| budget = [[Euro|€]] 914985.7 million (20222023)<ref name="ANBI publication 20222023">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/facts-and-figures/annual-reports/|title=TU Delft – Annual Reports|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=20232024-1107-0406}}</ref>

| president = Prof.Dr.ir. T.H.J.J. {{ill|(Tim) van der Hagen|nl|Tim van der Hagen}}<ref name="Executive Board">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/organisation/executive-board/|title=Executive Board|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=2018-06-20}}</ref>

| rector = Prof.dr.ir. T.H.J.J. (Tim) van der Hagen<ref name="Executive Board"/>

| faculty = 4,461 (including 1,353 faculty members of all ranks, and29.9% 268female, Professors49.6% international, full-time equivalents in 2023) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Facts and Figures|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/facts-and-figures|access-date=2024-01-04|website=TU Delft|language=en-US}}</ref>

| students = 26,424417 (2023)

| undergrad = 13,575568 (2023)

| postgrad = 12,315316 (2023)

| doctoral = 3,144327 (2023)

| country = [[The Netherlands]]

| colors = [[Cyan]], [[Blackblack]] and [[Whitewhite]]<ref name="TU Delft Colors">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/tu-delft-corporate-design/components/colour|title=TU Delft corporate design: Colour|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=14 October 2022}}</ref><br />{{color box|#00A6D6}}&nbsp;{{color box|#000000}}&nbsp;{{color box|#FFFFFF}}

The '''Delft University of Technology''' ('''TU Delft'''; {{lang-nl|Technische Universiteit Delft}}) is the oldest and largest Dutch [[public university|public]] [[Institute of technology|technical university]], located in [[Delft]], [[The Netherlands]]. {{AsIt of|2022}}specializes it is ranked byin [[QS World University Rankingsengineering]] among the top 10 engineering and technology universities in the world.<ref name="TU Delft QS Engineering Ranking 2022">{{cite web |title=QS World University Rankings - Engineering and Technology 2022 |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2022/engineering-technology |access-date=2022-04-11 |website=topUniversities}}</ref> In 2023 it was ranked 2nd in the world in, [[civil engineeringtechnology]], 3rd in the world in [[Mechanical engineering|mechanicalcomputing]] and, [[aerospace engineeringdesign]], and 3rd in the world in [[architecturenatural science]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Delft University of Technology |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/delft-university-technology |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=Top Universities |language=en}}</ref>

With eight [[Faculty (division)|faculties]] and numerousmultiple [[research institutes]],<ref name="TU Delft Research Institutes">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/research/thematic-cooperation/42457/research-institutes-tu-delft-institutes/|title=Research institutes|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=2019-01-02|archive-date=2020-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014094303/https://www.tudelft.nl/en/research/thematic-cooperation/42457/research-institutes-tu-delft-institutes/|url-status=dead}}</ref> itTU Delft haseducates more than 2726,000 students ([[undergraduate]] and [[postgraduate]]), and 6employs more than 3,600000 employees[[doctoral]] candidates and 4,000 (teaching, research, support and management staff (including more than 1,300 faculty members of all ranks).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Facts and Figures|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/facts-and-figures|access-date=2021-05-18|website=TU Delft|language=en-US}}</ref>

On 20 June 1864, Royal Academy in Delft was disbanded by a Royal Decree, giving a way to a ''Polytechnic School of Delft'' ({{lang|nl|Politechnische School te Delft}}). The newly formed school educated [[engineer]]s of various fields and architects, so much needed during the rapid [[Industrial revolution|industrialization period]] in the 19th century.

Yet another Act, passed on 22 May 1905, changed the name of the school to ''Technical College (Institute) of Delft'' ({{lang|nl|Technische Hoogeschool Delft}}, from 1934 {{lang|nl|Technische Hogeschool Delft}}), emphasizing the academic quality of the education. Polytechnic was granted university rights and was allowed to award academic degrees. The number of students reached 450 around that time. The official opening of the new school was attended by Queen [[Wilhelmina of the Netherlands|Wilhelmina]] on 10 July 1905. First [[Dean (education)|dean]] of the newly established college was [[Ingénieur|ir.]] J. Kraus, [[hydraulic engineer]]. In 1905, the first doctoral degree was awarded.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/alumni/inspiring-alumni/alumni-walk-of-fame/historical-alumni-lustrum-edition-2017/jacob-kraus/|title=Jacob Kraus|publisher=Delft University of Technology|access-date=28 February 2018|archive-date=1 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301044602/https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/alumni/inspiring-alumni/alumni-walk-of-fame/historical-alumni-lustrum-edition-2017/jacob-kraus/|url-status=dead}}</ref> From 1924 until the construction of the new campus in 1966, the ceremonies were held in the [[Saint Hippolytus Chapel, Delft|Saint Hippolytus Chapel]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://historischgis.delft.nl/emap/gemeentedelft/data/monumenten/toeristisch/8.pdf |title=St.-Hippolytuskapel |publisher=Delft municipality |language=nl |access-date=29 June 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809142610/http://historischgis.delft.nl/emap/gemeentedelft/data/monumenten/toeristisch/8.pdf |archive-date=9 August 2016 }}</ref>

Student organizations grew together with the university. The first to be established on 22 March 1848 is the ''Delftsch Studenten Corps'' housed in the distinctive ''Sociëteit Phoenix'' on the Phoenixstraat. This was followed by the ''Delftsche Studenten Bond '' (est. 30 October 1897) and the ''[[Sanctus Virgilius|KSV Sanctus Virgilius]]'' (est. 2 March 1898). In 1917, ''Proof Garden for Technical Plantation'' ({{lang-nl|Cultuurtuin voor Technische Gewassen}}) was established by [[Gerrit van Iterson]], which today is known as Botanical Garden of TU Delft. In that period, a first female professor, Toos Korvezee, was appointed.

After the end of World War II, TU Delft increased its rapid academic expansion. [[Studium generale#Contemporary usage|Studium Generale]] was established at all universities in the Netherlands, including TU Delft, to promote a free and accessible knowledge related to culture, technology, society and science. Because of the increasing number of students, in 1974 the first ''Reception Week for First Year Students'' ({{lang|nl|Ontvangst Week voor Eerstejaars Studenten}}, OWEE) was established, which becamehas become a TU Delft tradition since then.

On 1 September 1986, the Delft Institute of Technology officially changed its name to Delft University of Technology, underlining the quality of the education and research provided by the institution. In the course of further expansion, in 1987 Delft Top Tech<ref name="Top Tech">{{Cite web|url=http://www.delft-toptech.nl/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020528151434/http://www.delft-toptech.nl/|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 May 2002|title=TU Delft Top Tech|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=6 August 2010}}</ref> institute was established, which provided a professional master education in management for people working in the technology-related companies. On 1 September 1997, the 13 faculties of the TU Delft were merged into 9, to improve the management efficiency of the growing university. In the early 1990s, because the vast majority of the students of the university were male, an initiative to increase the number of female students resulted in founding a separate [[emancipation]] commission. As a result, ''Girls Study Technology'' ({{lang|nl|Meiden studeren techniek}}) days were established. In later years the responsibilities of the commission were distributed over multiple institutes.

Initially, all of the university buildings were located in the historic city centre of Delft. This changed in the second half of the 20th century with relocations to a separate university neighbourhood. The last university building in the historic centre of Delft was the university library, which was relocated to a new building in 1997. On the 12 September 2006, the design of the new university neighbourhood, Mekelpark, was officially approved,<ref name="Mekelpark">{{cite web|url=http://www.mekelpark.tudelft.nl/|title=TU Delft Mekelpark|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=23 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200322/http://www.mekelpark.tudelft.nl/|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> giving a green light to the transformation of the area around the Mekelweg (the main road on the university terrain) into a new campus heart. The new park replaced the main access road and redirected car traffic around the campus, making the newly created park a safer place for bicycles and pedestrians.

NewA new university neighborhood called Mekelpark (its name commemorating TH Delft professor and WW II resistance fighter, Jan Mekel, who was executed by the Nazis on 2 May 1942 in [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp|Sachsenhausen]]) was opened on 5 July 2009. Mekelpark replaced old parking structures, bike lanes and [[filling station]]s, constructed between faculty buildings of the university in the late 1950s. Its 832-meter-long promenade eased the commute between faculty buildings. Both sides of the promenade are covered by stone benches, 1547 meters long in total.<ref name="Mekelpark" /> Some of the university buildings around the Mekelpark deserve certain attention.

TU Delft [[Atrium (architecture)|Aula]] was designed by Van den Broek en Bakema architecture bureau, founded by two TU Delft alumni [[Jo van den Broek]] and [[Jaap Bakema]]. It was officially opened on 6 January 1966 by Dutch Prime Minister [[Jo Cals]]. It is a classical example of a structure built in [[Brutalism|Brutalist]] style. TU Delft Aula, which symbolically opens the Mekelpark, houses main university restaurant and store, as well as [[lecture halls]], [[auditoria]], congress center, and administrative offices of the university. All [[Doctorat#The Netherlands .2F Flanders|doctoral promotion]], [[honoris causa]] ceremonies, as well as [[academic senate]] meetings take place in the Aula.

Along with Delft, [[UNStudio]] developed the 'Echo' building on the TU campus for interfaculty lecture halls and project rooms, student study areas, andComputer Science (Cybersecurity section and Sequential Decision Making section) research offices, and meeting rooms. It is an energy-producing building within the campus of Delft which aims at energy conservation to delve into the future.<ref>{{Cite web |last=designboom |first=christina petridou I. |date=2022-07-13 |title=UNStudio finalizes its 'future-proof', energy-producing campus at TU delft |url=https://www.designboom.com/architecture/unstudios-future-proof-energy-producing-campus-echo-tu-delft-07-13-2022/ |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=designboom {{!}} architecture & design magazine |language=en}}</ref> Echo won the prestigious World Prix Versailles (Campuses category) in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web | title=Echo education building wins World Prix Versailles 2023| url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/2023/tu-delft/echo-education-building-wins-world-prix-versailles-2023 | access-date=2023-12-20|language=en}}</ref>

* [[TU Delft Faculty of AerospaceIndustrial Design Engineering|AerospaceIndustrial Design Engineering]] (AEIDE) ({{lang|nl|Luchtvaart-Industrieel en RuimtevaarttechniekOntwerpen (LRIO)}}),

File:Delft - TU-gebouw van werktuigbouw.jpg|Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering

Since 2004, the TU Delft education system is divided into three tiers: the [[Bachelorbachelor's degree]], [[Mastermaster's degree]], and [[Doctoratedoctorate]]. The academic year is divided into two semesters: the first semester from September until January and the second semester from the end of January until July. Most of the lectures are available through [[OpenCourseWare]].

{{As of|2016}}, TU Delft offers 16 [[BSc]] programmes.<ref name="TU Delft BSc">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/education/programmes/bachelors/|title=Bachelors |website=TU Delft |access-date=2018-02-28}}</ref> TU Delft students obtain their degree after a three-year study. The test project finalizes the BSc studies. All BSc programmes are taught in Dutch, except for [[Aerospace Engineering]], Applied Earth Sciences, Nanobiology, and Computer Science, which are taught entirely in English, and Electrical Engineering which is taught in a mixture of both.

MSc programmes are also offered through the [[3TU]] federation, [[Erasmus Mundus]] programmes, [[IDEA League]] joint MSc programs and [http://qutech.nl/edu/ QuTech Academy].

There are two student parties at TU Delft: ORAS<ref name="ORAS">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oras.nl|title=ORAS Student Party Website|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=2010-06-17}}</ref> ({{lang|nl|Organisatie Rationele Studenten}}) and Lijst Bèta (successor of AAG).<ref name="AAG2">{{Cite web|title=AAG Student Party Website|url=http://www.aag.tudelft.nl/|access-date=2010-06-17|publisher=TU Delft|archive-date=2011-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724170950/http://www.aag.tudelft.nl/|url-status=dead}}</ref> AAG (Afdeling Actie Groepen) started as an action group of students in the 1960s, willing to have more impact on the quality of education at the then Polytechnic Institute Delft. ORAS became active in the early 1970s as a counterbalance to AAG. After already taking a break from the yearly elections in 2008, AAG did not participate anymore in the elections of 2010 due to disappointing results.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AAG stopt|url=https://www.delta.tudelft.nl/article/aag-stopt|access-date=2020-12-16|website=AAG stopt {{!}} TU Delta|language=nl}}</ref> In 2011, a new party was established, Lijst Bèta, that got 2 out of the 10 seats in the student counsil.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Medezeggenschap|url=https://oras.nl/fractie/medezeggenschap/|access-date=2020-12-16|website=ORAS|language=nl-NL}}</ref> Since then, Lijst Bèta and ORAS compete each year for seats in TU Delft's Students Council ({{lang|nl|Studenten Raad}}). Further, all student organizations of TU Delft are associated with The Council of Student Societies Delft VeRa ({{lang|nl|De VerenigingsRaad}}) and The Society for Study and Student Matters Delft VSSD ({{lang|nl|Vereniging voor Studie- en Studentenbelangen Delft}}).

The majority of TU Delft's students are male. In 2021, among all students of the university ([[MSc]] and [[BSc]] level) 30% were women. The biggest imbalance between men and women is seen in the [[Mechanical engineering]] faculty, while the smallest is seen at [[Industrial Design]] and [[Architecture]] departments.<ref name="Student Population">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/facts-and-figures/education/student-population/|title=Student Population|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=2018-02-28|archive-date=2020-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218091635/https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/facts-and-figures/education/student-population/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Despite many efforts of the university to change that imbalance, the number of women studying at TU Delft has stayed relatively constant over the years.<ref name="Student Population"/>

Since 2002, the number of students admitted to TU Delft has increased rapidly (from approximately 2,200 in 2002 to almost 3,700 in 2009).<ref name="Student Intake">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tudelft.nl/en/about-tu-delft/facts-and-figures/education/student-intake/|title=Student Intake|publisher=TU Delft|access-date=2018-02-28}}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The same applies to the total student population (from approximately 13,250 in 2002 to almost 16,500 in 2009).<ref name="Student Intake"/> In 2022, nearly 27 thousand students were enrolled.<ref name=":0" />

| QS_W = 4749 | QS_W_year = 20242025 | QS_W_ref =<ref name="TU Delft QS Ranking">{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/20242025|title=QS World University Rankings 20242025 - Delft University of Technology|website=TopUniversities|access-date=20232024-06-2809}}</ref>

| QS_W_Chemistry = 4236 | QS_W_Chemistry_year = 20232024 |QS_W_Chemistry_ref =<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2023/chemistry?search=Delft|title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 20232024: Chemistry|website=TopUniversities|access-date=20232024-1004-3014}}

| QS_W_Natural = 5647 | QS_W_Natural_year = 20232024 |QS_W_Natural_ref =<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2023/natural-sciences |title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 20232024: Natural Science.|website=TopUniversities|access-date=20232024-1004-3014}}</ref>

| QS_W_Eng = 13 | QS_W_Eng_year = 20232024 |QS_W_Eng_ref =<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2023/engineering-technology|title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 20232024: Engineering and Technology|website=TopUniversities|access-date=20232024-1004-3014}}</ref>

=== Subject /Area rankings ===

TU Delft is ranked a top university for engineeringEngineering and technologyTechnology worldwide, being positioned for this subject at 10th place in 2022 by [[QS World University Rankings]],<ref name="TU Delft QS Engineering Ranking 2022">{{cite web |title=QS World University Rankings - Engineering and Technology 2022 |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2022/engineering-technology |access-date=2022-04-11 |website=topUniversities}}</ref> at 21st place in 2022 by [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]],<ref name="TU Delft THE Engineering Ranking 2022">{{cite web |title=University World University Rankings 2019 by subject: engineering and technology |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2022/subject-ranking/engineering#!/page/0/length/25/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats |access-date=2019-10-05 |website=Times Higher Education}}</ref> and respectively at 21st and 7th place for engineeringEngineering and civilCivil engineeringEngineering accordingly in 2020 by [[U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking]].<ref name="TU Delft USNWR Engineering Ranking 2020">{{cite magazine |title=TU Delft Ranking USNWR - Engineering |url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/engineering?page=3 |magazine=US News |access-date=2020-01-08}}</ref><ref name="TU Delft USNWR Civil Engineering Ranking 2020">{{cite magazine |title=TU Delft Ranking USNWR - Civil Engineering |url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/civil-engineering |magazine=US News |access-date=2020-01-08}}</ref>

In the field of Civil &and Structural Engineering, TU Delft has been ranked among the world's top 2 in 2022, in the field of Architecture among the world's top 2 since 2012, and in the field of Mechanical Engineering in the top 5 since 2022 by QS World University Rankings.<ref name="TU Delft QS Civil Engineering Ranking 2020">{{Cite web |title=TU Delft Civil Engineering Ranking QS |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2023/engineering-civil-structural |access-date=2023-01-23 |publisher=QS}}</ref>