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[[File:Video Resolution Chart.svg|thumb|A chart showing the number of pixels in different display resolutions]]
A '''display resolution standard''' is a commonly used [[display resolution|width and height dimension]] (display resolution) of an [[electronic visual display]] device, measured in [[pixel]]s. This information is used for electronic devices such as a [[computer monitor]]. Certain combinations of width and height are standardized (e.g. by [[Video Electronics Standards Association|VESA]]<ref name="VESA-CVT">{{cite web |url=https://app.box.com/s/vcocw3z73ta09txiskj7cnk6289j356b/file/93518784646 |title=VESA Coordinated Video Timings (CVT) Standard – Version 1.2 |author=<!--Not stated--> |format=PDF |date=February 8, 2013 |website= |publisher=[[Video Electronics Standards Association|VESA]] |access-date=May 28, 2023 |quote-pages=17–19}}</ref><ref name="VESA-CVT aspect ratios">{{cite web |url=https://app.box.com/s/vcocw3z73ta09txiskj7cnk6289j356b/file/93518784646 |title=VESA Coordinated Video Timings (CVT) Standard – Version 1.2 |author=<!--Not stated--> |format=PDF |date=February 8, 2013 |website= |publisher=[[Video Electronics Standards Association|VESA]] |access-date=May 28, 2023 |quote-pages=10–11 |quote=VESA CVT 1.2 recommends only 4:3, 16:10 (8:5), and 16:9 aspect ratios for newly introduced display resolutions. Exceptions will be made only in the case of a long-established industry standard (e.g., the 1280 x 1024 format, which is a 5:4 aspect ratio), or in the case of a clear need.}}</ref>) and typically given a name and an [[Acronym|initialism]] which is descriptive of its dimensions.
The graphics display resolution is also known as the [[display mode]] or the [[video mode]], although these terms usually include further specifications such as the image [[refresh rate]] and the [[color depth]].
The resolution itself only indicates the number of distinct pixels that can be displayed on a screen, which affects the sharpness and clarity of the image. It can be controlled by various factors, such as the type of display device, the signal format, the aspect ratio, and the refresh rate.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/display-resolution |title=Display resolution |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2023-04-27}}</ref>
Some graphics display resolutions are frequently referenced with a single number (e.g. in "1080p" or "4K"), which represents the number of horizontal or vertical pixels. More generally, any resolution can be expressed as two numbers separated by a multiplication sign (e.g. "1920×1080"), which represent the width and height in pixels.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lifewire.com/what-is-display-resolution-1846849 |title=What Is Display Resolution? |publisher=Lifewire |access-date=2023-04-27}}</ref> Since most screens have a landscape format to accomodate the human [[field of view]], the first number for the width (in columns) is larger than the second for the height (in lines), and this conventionally holds true for handheld devices that are predominatly or even exclusively used in portrait orientation.
The graphics display resolution is influenced by the aspect ratio, which is the ratio of the width to the height of the display. The aspect ratio determines how the image is scaled and stretched or cropped to fit the screen. The most common aspect ratios for graphics displays are [[4:3 (aspect ratio)|4:3]], [[16:10 aspect ratio|16:10]] (equal to 8:5), [[16:9 aspect ratio|16:9]], and "[[21:9 aspect ratio|21:9]]". The aspect ratio also affects the perceived size of objects on the screen.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/how-to-calculate-the-optimum-monitor-size-at-any-resolution/ |title=How to calculate the optimum monitor size at any resolution |publisher=PC Gamer |access-date=2023-04-27}}</ref>
The native screen resolution together with the physical dimensions of the graphics display can be used to calculate its [[pixel density]]. An increase in the pixel density often correlates with a decrease in the size of individual pixels on a display.
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| style="background-color:#FBDD82"|'''1280''' '''[[#SXGA|SXGA]]'''<ref group=n name=43sometimes>1280 × 1024: sometimes non-square pixels on 4:3 display, sometimes 5:4 display</ref>
| <!--1366{{Fix}}<ref group="n">{{resx|1366|1024}}: sometimes actually {{resx|1360|1024}} for technical reasons{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}</ref>-->
| 1536<!--e.g. [[Microsoft Surface Laptop]]
| style="background-color:#FBDD82"|'''1600''' '''[[#1600x1024|WSXGA]]''' (<u>{{resratio|25|16}}</u>)
| <!----15:9---->
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=== {{resx|1280|1080}} {{anchor|1280x1080|1440x1080|960x720}} ===
{{resx|1280|1080}} is the resolution of Panasonic's [[DVCPRO HD]] interlaced format at 60
In 2007, Hitachi released a few 42" and 50" plasma television models at this resolution with non-square pixels for a 16:9 display aspect ratio.<ref>{{cite magazine |url = https://www.wired.com/2007/10/tv-hitachi-p50t501 |title = Hitachi P50T501 |last=Cage |first=Chuck |date = 23 October 2007 |magazine = [[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |publisher = [[Condé Nast]] |access-date = 2018-10-01 }}</ref>
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=== {{resx|3200|1800}} (QHD+) {{anchor|3200x1800|WQXGA+|WQXGA+ (3200x1800)|WQXGA+ (3200×1800)|QHD+|QHD+ (3200x1800)|QHD+ (3200×1800)}}===
{{See also|#WQXGA|label1=2560 × 1600 (QHD+)}}
This resolution has a 16:9 aspect ratio, and is exactly four times as many pixels as the [[#1600x900|{{resx|1600|900}} HD+]] resolution. It has therefore been referred to as '''QHD+'''<ref name="Dell QHD+ 3200x1800">{{cite web |url=https://i.dell.com/sites/doccontent/corporate/secure/en/Documents/dell-xps-15-brochure.pdf |title=dell-xps-15-brochure.pdf |access-date=2023-05-23}}</ref> by various different companies, but also just '''QHD''' without the plus sign.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hp.com/gb-en/shop/tech-takes/hp-chromebook-family-review |title=HP Chromebook Family: A Complete Review |last=Knerl |first=Linsey |website=[[HP Inc.]] |quote=the 3200 X 1800 resolution Quad High Definition (QHD) |date=7 September 2018 |access-date=2023-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/5/20/4347540/samsung-qhd-high-resolution-ultrabook-display |title=Samsung beats Chromebook Pixel and Retina MacBook with new high-res laptop display |last=Brian |first=Matt |publisher=The Verge |date=20 May 2013 |access-date=2013-05-23}}</ref>
The name ''QHD'' is also used for the resolution [[#2560x1440|{{resx|2560|1440}}]] while ''QHD+'' is also used for [[#WQXGA|{{resx|2560|1600}} (16:10, WQXGA)]], i.e. a taller variant of the former.
The first products announced to use this resolution were the 2013 [[HP Envy]] 14 TouchSmart Ultrabook<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/5/23/4357696/hp-envy-pavilion-laptops-3200-1800-touchsmart-ultrabook-display-2013 |title=HP redesigns Envy and Pavilion laptops for 2013, including one with a 3200 x 1800 screen |last=Hollister |first=Sean |publisher=The Verge |date=2013-05-23 |access-date=2013-05-23}}</ref> and the 13.3-inch [[Samsung Ativ Q]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2013/05/20/samsung-3200-x-1800-notebook-panel |title=Samsung to exhibit 13.3-inch notebook display with 3,200 x 1,800 resolution |last=Sakr |first=Sharif |publisher=Engadget |date=2013-05-20 |access-date=2013-05-23}}</ref>
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{{main|4K resolution}}
This resolution, sometimes referred to as '''4K UHD''' or '''4K{{resx}}2K''' or just '''UHD''',<ref name="Samsung UWFHD, UWQHD, DQHD"/>
{{resx|3840|2160}} was chosen as the resolution of the '''UHDTV1''' format defined in SMPTE ST 2036-1,<ref name="SMPTE UHDTV diagram">{{cite web |title=UHDTV Ecosystem Reference Diagram |url=https://www.smpte.org/sites/default/files/1554_SMPTE_Wallchart_v6.pdf |publisher=SMPTE |access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref> as well as the '''4K UHDTV''' system defined in ITU-R BT.2020<ref name="ITU-R BT.2020 press">{{cite press release |url=http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2012/31.aspx |title=Ultra High Definition Television: Threshold of a new age |publisher=ITU |date=24 May 2012 |access-date=2012-08-18}}</ref><ref name="ITU-R BT.2020">{{cite web |title=Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020-2 — Parameter values for ultra-high definition television systems for production and international programme exchange |publisher=International Telecommunication Union (ITU) |url=https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/bt/R-REC-BT.2020-2-201510-I!!PDF-E.pdf |date=October 2015 |access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref> and the '''UHD-1''' broadcast standard from [[Digital Video Broadcasting|DVB]].<ref name="DVB Phasing in UHD">{{cite web |title=Phasing in Ultra High Definition |date=February 2017 |access-date=2018-05-15 |publisher=Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) |url=https://www.dvb.org/resources/public/factsheets/dvb_-_phasing_in_uhd.pdf |archive-date=2018-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222175820/https://www.dvb.org/resources/public/factsheets/dvb_-_phasing_in_uhd.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is also the minimum resolution requirement for CEA's definition of an '''Ultra HD''' display.<ref>{{cite web |title=CEA Updates Characteristics for Ultra High-Definition Displays |url=https://www.cta.tech/News/Press-Releases/2014/June/CEA-Updates-Characteristics-for-Ultra-High-Definit.aspx |publisher=Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) |date=24 June 2014 |access-date=2018-05-15 |archive-date=2018-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430114352/https://www.cta.tech/News/Press-Releases/2014/June/CEA-Updates-Characteristics-for-Ultra-High-Definit.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Before the publication of these standards, it was sometimes casually referred to as '''QFHD''' (Quad Full HD).<ref>{{cite web |title=What are 4K, QFHD and Ultra HD resolutions?|url=http://www.stuff-review.com/2012-04/what-is-4k-and-qfhd-resolution/ |last=Philippides |first=Alexis |date=17 April 2012 |publisher=Stuff-Review |access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref>
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=== {{resx|1400|1050}} (SXGA+) {{anchor|SXGAplus|SXGA+|SXGA+ (1400x1050)|SXGA+ (1400×1050)}}===
'''SXGA+'''<ref name="NEMA Specifications"/><ref name="SPWG"/><ref name="Dell Screen Resolutions List 1 VGA to QUXGA"/> stands for '''Super Extended Graphics Array Plus''' and is a [[computer display standard]]. An SXGA+ display is commonly used on 14-inch or 15-inch laptop LCD screens with a resolution of {{resx|1400|1050}} pixels. An SXGA+ display is used on a few 12-inch laptop screens such as the [[ThinkPad]] X60 and X61 (both only as tablet) as well as the [[Toshiba]] Portégé M200 and M400, but those are far less common. At 14.1 inches, [[Dell]] offered SXGA+ on many of the Latitude C-Series laptops, such as the C640, and IBM since the ThinkPad T21.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}} Sony also used SXGA+ in their Z1 series, but no longer produces them as widescreen has become more predominant{{when
In desktop LCDs, SXGA+ is used on some low-end 20-inch monitors, whereas most of the 20-inch LCDs use UXGA (standard screen ratio), or WSXGA+ (widescreen ratio).{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}
{{anchor|QSXGA+|QSXGAplus}}
A rare resolution of {{resx|2800|2100}}, i.e. with double the pixels horizontally and vertically, is known as '''QSXGA+'''.<ref name="Dell Screen Resolutions List 1 VGA to QUXGA"/>
=== {{resx|1680|1050}} (WSXGA+) {{anchor|WSXGAplus|WSXGA+|WSXGA+ (1050p)|WSXGA+ (1680x1050)|WSXGA+ (1680×1050)}}===
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=== {{resx|2560|1600}} (WQXGA) {{anchor|WQXGA|WQXGA (2560x1600)|WQXGA (2560×1600)}}===
{{distinguish|text=[[#QWXGA|QWXGA]]}}
'''WQXGA''' ('''Wide Quad Extended Graphics Array''') is a display resolution of {{resx|2560|1600}} pixels with a 16:10 aspect ratio.<ref name="Dell WQXGA">[https://www.dell.com/en-ie/shop/monitors-flat-panel-widescreen/ar/7818/2560x1600-wqxga?appliedRefinements=2584 2560x1600 (WQXGA) - Flat Screen & Widescreen Monitors] (WQXGA explained) on dell.com</ref> The name implies a "wide QXGA" (QXGA {{resx|2048|1536}}) but it's not. Instead, WQXGA has exactly ''four'' times as many pixels as a WXGA ({{resx|1280|800}}) hence the name "''Quad''-WXGA" would fit but [[#QWXGA|QWXGA]] is defined as {{resx|2048|1152}} pixels.
By some producers it is called '''''QHD+'''''<ref name="Dell QHD+ 2560x1600">{{cite web |url=https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/en-ie/latitude-14-9420-2-in-1-laptop/latitude_9420_setupspecs/display?guid=guid-736a76a7-82f7-4690-a5d6-b378562befa3&lang=en-us |title=Dell Latitude 9420/Latitude 9420 2-in-1 Setup and Specifications |website=www.dell.com |quote=QHD+ (2560 x 1600) |access-date=2023-05-23 }}</ref><ref name="MSI QHD+">{{cite web |url=https://de.msi.com/Content-Creation/Creator-Z16-HX-Studio-B13VX/Specification |title=MSI Creator Z16 HX Studio - B13V Notebooks Specifications |website=de.msi.com |quote=QHD+ (2560 x 1600) |language=de |access-date=2023-05-20 }}</ref><ref name="Razer FHD+ (WUXGA), QHD+ (WQXGA), UHD+ (WQUXGA)">{{cite web |url=https://www.razer.com/de-de/gaming-laptops/razer-blade-16 |title=Razer Blade 16 - Specifications |website=www.razer.com |quote=FHD+ (1920 x 1200, WUXGA), QHD+ (2560 x 1600 WQXGA), UHD+ (3840 x 2400 WQUXGA) |language=de |access-date=2023-05-26 }} UHD+ (3840 x 2400)</ref> referring to ''[[#QHD|QHD]] ({{resx|2560|1440}})''. (''QHD+'' is sometimes also used for the resolution [[#3200 × 1800 (QHD+)|{{resx|3200|1800}} (QHD+)]].)
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