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In September 1868, the [[Glorious Revolution (Spain)|Revolution of 1868]] had occurred in Spain and the [[Grito de Lares]] in Puerto Rico. Meanwhile, Cuban independence supporters had been conspiring for several years to take up arms to free Cuba from Spain.
Taking advantage of the tumultuous situation in Spain and Puerto Rico, Carlos Manuel de Céspedes and other Cuban leaders took up arms on October 10, 1868, at the "La Demajagua" sugar mill. Soon, other leaders would also rise up in other regions of the island.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-28 |title=Céspedes, la toma de Bayamo, el himno y la voz de Viva Cuba – Rebelion |url=https://rebelion.org/cespedes-la-toma-de-bayamo-el-himno-y-la-voz-de-viva-cuba/ |access-date=2024-05-28 |language=es}}</ref>
On October 12, Céspedes' forces triumphantly entered the town of [[Yara, Cuba|Yara]] but were ambushed by Spanish troops, suffering heavy casualties and dispersing. Only twelve men remained with Céspedes.
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Céspedes sent Aguilera and the newly incorporated Modesto Díaz to repel a Spanish reinforcement led by Lieutenant Colonel Manuel López del Campillo from the city of [[Manzanillo]].
After the Spanish reinforcement was repelled by the Cubans and facing numerical military inferiority, the garrison of Bayamo had to surrender and capitulated on October 20. The Spaniards were taken prisoner but their lives were spared.<ref>Figueredo, F. (1894). La toma de Bayamo.</ref>
== Aftermath ==
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From a military standpoint, capturing the city gave the Cubans a strategic position in the [[Cauto River]] valley, halfway between the cities of Manzanillo, Yara, [[Jiguaní]], [[Las Tunas (city)|Las Tunas]], and Holguín. A critical point in eastern Cuba was now in the hands of the rebels.
A few months later, around December of that year, the Cuban forces could not prevent the Spanish counterattack on the liberated city. Cuban attempts to halt the Spanish troops at the Battle of El Salado were in vain, and in January 1869, the Cuban troops and the city's inhabitants abandoned the stronghold, but not before setting it on fire.<ref>{{Cite web |last=javier |date=2020-10-13 |title=LA FAMILIA FIGUEREDO: FIDELIDAD Y AMOR A LA PATRIA |url=https://centroconvivencia.org/la-familia-figueredo-fidelidad-amor-la-patria/ |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=Centro de Estudios Convivencia |language=es}}</ref>
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