Emergency medical services: Difference between revisions

 

In North America, and to a lesser extent elsewhere in the English-speaking world, some jurisdictions use specially trained nurses for medical transport work. These are mostly air-medical personnel or critical care transport providers, often working in conjunction with a technician, paramedic or physician on emergency interfacility transports. In the United States, the most common uses of ambulance-based registered nurses is in the Critical Care/Mobile Intensive Care transport, and in Aeromedical EMS. Such nurses are normally required by their employers (in the US) to seek additional certifications beyond the primary nursing licensure. Four individual states have an Intensive Care or Prehospital Nurse licensure. Many states allow registered nurses to also become registered paramedics according to their role in the emergency medical services team. In [[Estonia]] 60% of ambulance teams are led by nurse. Ambulance nurses can do almost all emergency procedures and administer medicines pre-hospital such as physicians in Estonia. In the [[Netherlands]], all ambulances are staffed by a registered nurse with additional training in emergency nursing, anaesthesia or critical care, and a driver-EMT.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Wulterkens D |title=EMS in the Netherlands: A Dutch Treat? |journal=Journal of Emergency Medical Services |date=6 December 2005 |url=http://m.jems.com/article/operations-protcols/ems-netherlands-dutch-treat |access-date=15 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217201958/http://m.jems.com/article/operations-protcols/ems-netherlands-dutch-treat |archive-date=17 February 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In [[Sweden]], since 2005, all emergency ambulances should be staffed by at least one registered nurse since only nurses are allowed to administer drugs.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Suserud B |title=A new profession in the pre-hospital care field: the ambulance nurse |journal=Nursing in Critical Care |volume=10 |issue=6 |pages=269–71 |year=2005 |pmid= 16255333|doi=10.1111/j.1362-1017.2005.00129.x|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Bom A |title=International EMS system Design: Sweden |journal=Emsnews |date=Feb 2012 |url=http://www.emsnews.com/read/featured-articles/international-ems-system-design-sweden |access-date=2012-08-29 |archive-date=30 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330055643/http://www.emsnews.com/read/featured-articles/international-ems-system-design-sweden |url-status=dead }}</ref> And all Advanced Life Support Ambulances are staffed at least by a registered nurse in Spain.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2012-7655 |title=Real Decreto 836/2012, de 25 de mayo, por el que se establecen las características técnicas, el equipamiento sanitario y la dotación de personal de los vehículos de transporte sanitario por carretera |trans-title=Royal Decree 836/2012, of 25 May, which establishes the technical characteristics, the sanitary equipment and the staffing of the vehicles of sanitary transport by road |language=es |journal=Boletín Oficial del Estado |volume=137 |date=8 June 2012 |pages=41589–41595 }}</ref> In France, since 1986, fire department-based rescue ambulances have had the option of providing resuscitation service (reanimation) using specially trained nurses, operating on protocols,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.interieur.gouv.fr/sections/a_l_interieur/defense_et_securite_civiles/sapeurs-pompiers/sdis/sssm/downloadFile/attachedFile_2/Protocoles.pdf?nocache=1143132331.45|title=Infermier Sapeur-Pompiers (French govt website)|language=fr|access-date=2012-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306002244/http://www.interieur.gouv.fr/sections/a_l_interieur/defense_et_securite_civiles/sapeurs-pompiers/sdis/sssm/downloadFile/attachedFile_2/Protocoles.pdf?nocache=1143132331.45|archive-date=6 March 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> while SAMU-SMUR units are staffed by physicians and nurses<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.samu06.org/en/smur.php?PHPSESSID=800aadc6593ea9bb266fac13beb29793|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130415211141/http://www.samu06.org/en/smur.php?PHPSESSID=800aadc6593ea9bb266fac13beb29793|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-04-15| title=The SMUR of Nice|access-date=2012-08-29}}</ref>

 

====Physician====