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{{Short description|NBC TV station in San Diego}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=
{{more citations needed|date=January 2013}}
{{Infobox television station
| callsign
| logo = KNSD NBC 39 San Diego, California
| logo_size
| location
| country
| branding
| digital
| virtual
| affiliations
| owner
| licensee
| airdate
| callsign_meaning
| sister_stations
| former_callsigns
| former_channel_numbers = {{unbulleted list|'''Analog:''' 39 (UHF, 1965–2009)|'''Digital:''' 40 (UHF, 2000–2019)}}
| former_affiliations
| erp
| haat
| facility_id
| coordinates
| licensing_authority
| website
}}
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==History==
===Early history===
The station first signed on the air on November 14, 1965, as KAAR, owned by San Diego Telecasters. It was the first television station in the San Diego market to operate on the UHF band and was the market's first [[independent station]]. The station originally operated from a building that was once occupied by the National Pen Company, located in the neighborhood of Kearny Mesa, {{convert|10|mi|km}} northeast of downtown San Diego. Initially broadcasting from 12 noon to either midnight or 12:30 a.m. (based on the length of its late movie), the station aired a mix of local and first-run syndicated programming, both vintage and more recent films, and reruns of several 1950s dramatic series. However, in the summer of 1966, KAAR cut its operating hours significantly, with sign-on time moved up to 5
A short time later, in January 1967, KAAR made an arrangement with [[San Diego State College]] to air programming produced by the San Diego Area Instructional Television Authority from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily, which was followed by two hours of cartoons; this lasted until the sign-on of educational station [[KPBS (TV)|KEBS]] on June 12 of that year.<ref name="uhfhistory.com"/> Channel 39 then went dark and was subsequently sold to Western Telecasters Inc., controlled by the [[Texas]]-based Bass family,<ref>{{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/67-OCR/1967-09-04-BC-OCR-Page-0009.pdf | title = KAAR(TV) sale approved for $1.1 million to Bass | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 9 | date = September 4, 1967 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }}</ref> and returned to the air on February 2, 1968, as KCST (standing for "California San Diego Television").
For a four-year period from the late 1960s to the early 1970s, Western Telecasters tried to take the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] affiliation from [[XETV]] (channel 6)–a station licensed across the
In May 1972, the FCC revoked XETV's permission to carry ABC programming.<ref>{{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/72-OCR/1972-06-05-BC-OCR-Page-0036.pdf | title = Beginning of the end for XETV-ABC association | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 36 | date = June 5, 1972 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }} {{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/72-OCR/1972-06-05-BC-OCR-Page-0037.pdf | title = Beginning of the end for XETV-ABC association | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 37 | date = June 5, 1972 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }}</ref> As the only commercial station in the market other than [[CBS]] affiliate [[KFMB-TV]] (channel 8) and then-NBC affiliate [[KGTV]] (channel 10), KCST took over the ABC affiliation in two stages: daytime programming moved to channel 39 in June 1973, followed by prime time programs and all other shows (including children's programs, network newscasts and sports) by July 1, 1973.<ref>{{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/73-OCR/1973-03-12-BC-OCR-Page-0057.pdf | title = San Diego truce approved | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 57 | date = March 12, 1973 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }}</ref> Four months earlier in March, Western Telecasters agreed to sell KCST to [[Storer Broadcasting]], which owned major network affiliates in the [[Eastern United States|Eastern]] and [[Midwestern United States]].<ref>{{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/73-OCR/1973-03-19-BC-OCR-Page-0050.pdf | title = Storer to pay $12 million for San Diego UHF | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 48 | date = March 19, 1973 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }}</ref> The sale was completed on September 30, 1974; on January 1, 1975, Storer added a "-TV" suffix to the KCST callsign.<ref name="fcc-historycards">{{cite web |title=KCST-TV (KNSD) history cards |url=https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/getimportletter_exh.cgi?import_letter_id=84544 |website=CDBS Public Access |publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]] |access-date=May 19, 2019 |format=PDF}}</ref> The switch and sale changed channel 39's fortunes, transforming the low-rated independent into a major player in the market. Riding on the heels of ABC's ascent to first place nationally during the [[1975–76 United States network television schedule|1975–76 season]], KCST also out-rated its network-affiliated rivals locally.<ref>{{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/76-OCR/1976-03-29-BC-OCR-Page-0019.pdf | title = ABC's gains are turning television upside down | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 19 | date = March 29, 1976 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }} {{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/76-OCR/1976-03-29-BC-OCR-Page-0020.pdf | title = ABC's gains are turning television upside down | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 20 | date = March 29, 1976 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }}</ref> By 1976, KCST had actually become the highest-rated station in San Diego, displacing longtime leader KFMB-TV.<ref>"ABC's gains are turning television upside down." ''Broadcasting'', March 29, 1976, pp. 19–20. [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/76-OCR/1976-03-29-BC-OCR-Page-0019.pdf] [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/76-OCR/1976-03-29-BC-OCR-Page-0020.pdf]</ref> XETV, meanwhile, operated as an independent station until October 1986, when it became a charter affiliate of the [[Fox Broadcasting Company]] (the station is now an exclusive Spanish-language outlet for [[Canal 5 (Mexico)|Canal 5]]).
===NBC affiliation===
[[File:KNSD Logo.png|thumb|135px|left|KNSD's logo as ''NBC 7/39'', variations of which were used from January 1, 1997, to August 9, 2010.]]
On June 27, 1977, in the wake of its new success as the highest-rated television network in America, ABC moved its San Diego affiliation from KCST to KGTV, causing an affiliation swap that ended with KCST taking the NBC affiliation formerly held by KGTV.<ref>{{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/76-OCR/1976-06-07-BC-OCR-Page-0026.pdf | title = In Brief | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 24 | date = June 7, 1976 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite news | url = http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/77-OCR/BC-1977-03-07-OCR-Page-0026.pdf | title = In Brief | magazine = [[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]] | page = 26 | date = March 7, 1977 | access-date = December 28, 2018 }}</ref> ABC expressed dissatisfaction with how it had been relegated to UHF in San Diego, and had preferred affiliating with VHF stations in markets of San Diego's size long before its national ratings success. Under the circumstances, KCST's ratings success was not enough to save the affiliation. This move did not please Storer, who retaliated by switching its only other ABC affiliate at the time, present-day Fox O&O [[WITI (TV)|WITI]] in [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]], to a network they had better relations with, CBS, around the same time.<ref>[http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC-IDX/76-OCR/1976-10-18-BC-0036.pdf "Milwaukee connection." ''Broadcasting'', October 18, 1976, pg. 36]{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>"In Brief." ''Broadcasting'', September 27, 1976, pg. 28. [http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC-IDX/76-OCR/1976-09-27-BC-0028.pdf]{{dead link|date=September 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}} (the text incorrectly states that WISN-TV had been a CBS affiliate since 1954, omitting the 1961 affiliation switch.)</ref>
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[[File:KNSD 2011 Logo.png|200px|thumb|right|KNSD's logo as ''NBC San Diego'', used August 9, 2010, to June 2011. A modified version reflecting the ''NBC 7 San Diego'' branding was then used until July 11, 2012; during this time, the station's website continued to use this logo.]]
In May 1994, New World entered into a deal with [[News Corporation]] that would result in most of New World's television stations (which were primarily CBS affiliates, along with a few ABC and NBC stations) switching from their "[[Big Three television networks|Big Three]]" network affiliations to join Fox, causing the network's affiliations in the affected markets relocating from UHF to [[VHF]] stations. However, New World opted to exclude KNSD from the affiliation deal, since Fox's San Diego affiliation was already on the VHF band through XETV. Instead, KNSD was able to retain its NBC affiliation, and New World sold the station and [[WVTM-TV]] in [[Birmingham, Alabama]] to NBC in May 1996; the sale was finalized that August. Following the sale's closure, in January 1997, KNSD modified its on-air branding to "NBC 7/39". In October 1997, NBC sold a 24% ownership interest in KNSD to [[LIN Television]]; in exchange, NBC acquired majority control (76%) of its [[Dallas]]–[[Fort Worth]] affiliate [[KXAS-TV]] from LIN. The deal closed on March 2, 1998, marking the official launch of the new NBC/LIN
Under the traditional definition, KNSD is the only English-language owned-and-operated station of a major network in the San Diego market (however, several stations owned by [[Grupo Televisa]] on the Mexican side of the market are O&Os of that company's various networks). The station blamed its woes on its UHF status in the past, but as viewers migrated to
In the spring of 2001, KNSD moved its operations into [[225 Broadway (San Diego)|225 Broadway]], a high-rise office building in downtown San Diego that was redeveloped to serve as its studio and office facilities, which includes a glass-enclosed street-level news studio resembling that of the streetside studio at [[Rockefeller Center]] in
KNSD shut down its analog signal, over [[UHF]] channel 39, on June 12, 2009, as part of the [[Digital television transition in the United States|federally mandated transition from analog to digital television]].<ref name="Analog to Digital">[http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf List of Digital Full-Power Stations] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829004251/http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf |date=August 29, 2013 }}</ref> The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 40.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf |title=DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and the Second Rounds |access-date=March 12, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829004251/http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf |archive-date=August 29, 2013 }}</ref><ref>[http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/cdbsmenu.hts?context=25&appn=101234527&formid=387&fac_num=35277 CDBS Print]. Fjallfoss.fcc.gov. Retrieved
NBC's three owned-and-operated stations in California ([[KNBC]] in
As part of the [[SAFER Act]],<ref name="FCC Nightlight">{{cite web|url=http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-291375A1.pdf|title=UPDATED List of Participants in the Analog Nightlight Program|publisher=Federal Communications Commission|date=June 12, 2009|access-date=June 4, 2012}}</ref> KNSD kept its analog signal on the air until June 26 to inform viewers of the digital television transition through a loop of [[public service announcement]]s from the [[National Association of Broadcasters]].
On January 9, 2014, KNSD announced that it would not renew its lease for the 225 Broadway studios when it expires in 2016.<ref>{{cite news|title=NBC San Diego To Leave Downtown Studio By 2016|url=http://www.kpbs.org/news/2014/jan/09/nbc-set-leave-horton-plaza-2016/|
On March 15, 2016, NBCUniversal's parent company Comcast pulled the signals of KNSD along with co-owned cable channels [[USA Network]], [[Bravo (American TV channel)|Bravo]], [[Syfy]], [[MSNBC]] and [[CNBC]] from [[Dish Network]]'s lineup as a result of a dispute between NBC and Dish. Dish claimed NBCUniversal was demanding it [[Retransmission consent|renew its carriage]] of 10 NBC-owned stations and 16 Telemundo-owned stations including those removed due to the dispute. [[XHAS-TDT]], then a [[Telemundo]] affiliate, was unaffected by the dispute.<ref>[https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-dish-sues-nbc-breach-of-contract-20160315-story.html Satellite giant Dish sues NBC, alleging breach of contract] ''Los Angeles Times'', March 15, 2016</ref> Three days later on March 18, 2016, the company announced it would continue to carry KNSD and five other cable channels for another 10 days while seeking arbitration by the FCC.<ref>[https://deadline.com/2016/03/dish-network-tells-fcc-wants-arbitration-settle-dispute-nbcuniversal-1201722943/ Dish Network Tells FCC It Will Seek Arbitration To Resolve NBCU Dispute] ''Deadline'', March 18, 2016</ref>
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As KCST, the station started its news department in 1973; [[Harold Greene (journalist)|Harold Greene]], who would later gain fame as an anchor in Los Angeles, served as its [[news director]] and lead news anchor. As a newcomer, channel 39's newscasts regularly placed third in the market, behind KFMB and KGTV, for many years. On October 28, 2005, KNSD began producing a nightly half-hour 10 p.m. newscast for [[The WB|WB]] affiliate [[KSWB-TV]] (channel 69, now a Fox affiliate), following owner [[Tribune Broadcasting]]'s decision to shut down KSWB's in-house news department<ref>[http://legacy.utsandiego.com/news/features/20050922-9999-1c22kswb.html KSWB news changes hands; 30 to lose jobs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213191007/http://legacy.utsandiego.com/news/features/20050922-9999-1c22kswb.html |date=December 13, 2013 }}, ''[[U-T San Diego]]'', September 22, 2005.</ref> (KSWB continued to produce local news updates during its simulcast of Los Angeles sister station [[KTLA]]'s [[KTLA Morning News|weekday morning newscast]] from the station's Kearny Mesa studios). KNSD's news outsourcing agreement with KSWB ended on July 31, 2008, when that station resumed in-house news operations upon switching its affiliation from [[The CW]] to Fox.<ref>[http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20080801/news_1c01karla.html Trading places: Fox, CW switch network channels] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814014023/http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20080801/news_1c01karla.html |date=August 14, 2014 }}, ''U-T San Diego'', August 1, 2008.</ref>
In June 2009, the station outsourced production of its evening weather forecast segments to Los Angeles sister station KNBC, using that station's on-air weather staff;<ref>[http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/jun/25/bn25knsd21941/ KNSD's local forecasts to originate in L.A.], ''U-T San Diego'', June 25, 2009.</ref> as a result, KNSD became the only network-owned station in the United States and one of the few television stations in
On January 29, 2011, KNSD became the fifth television station in the San Diego market, and the last NBC-owned station to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in [[high-definition television|high definition]]; footage shot in-studio is broadcast in high definition, while all news video from on-remote locations was initially broadcast in [[standard definition]]. The station also implemented a new logo and on-air graphics package designed by NBC Artworks and the [[advertising agency]] [[Mother (advertising agency)|Mother New York]], which dropped the longtime "NBC 7/39" brand in favor of branding as simply "NBC San Diego".<ref>{{cite web|title=San Diego station rolls out HD look with new NBC brand|url=http://www.newscaststudio.com/2011/02/03/san-diego-station-rolls-out-hd-look-with-new-nbc-brand/|publisher=NewscastStudio|access-date=February 13, 2013}}</ref> The "block" graphics and branding used in this period (which featured similarities to the design of the NBC Nonstop channels) were to be implemented by the remaining NBC O&Os (and were used by their websites during the same period); however, KNSD was the only O&O to use the scheme on-air before dropping it in July 2012, in favor of Artworks' new "Look F" standardized graphics that were first adopted by sister station KNTV (at which point, the station revised its branding to "NBC 7 San Diego"). On October 25, 2012, the station expanded its weekday morning newscast to {{frac|2|1|2}} hours, with the addition of a 4:30 a.m. half-hour.
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On July 18, 2016, KNSD began using the new "Look N" standardized graphics. The graphics were first implemented by the NBC O&Os on the East Coast in Summer of that year; however, KNSD became the second NBC O&O on the West Coast to begin using the new graphics. Also, its theme music was also updated, by warp-speeding the [[NBC chimes]] in the "LA Groove" theme in all of its opens, making the first NBC-owned station to warp-speed its musical signature in its theme music. Prior to the graphics change, KNSD along with sister stations KNBC and KNTV revamped their websites on July 1, 2016.
On January 3, 2017, KNSD expanded the 11 a.m. midday newscast to an hour, following rivals KGTV and KFMB-TV. As a result of this expansion, the station moved the entertainment newsmagazine program ''Access Hollywood'' to the overnight slot of 2:05
====Notable current on-air staff====
* [[Mark Mullen]] – anchor
* [[Dagmar Midcap]] – chief meteorologist▼
====Notable former on-air staff====
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* [[Harold Greene (journalist)|Harold Greene]] – anchor (1973–1974; now retired)
* [[Roger Hedgecock]] – anchor (1991–1992, now a radio host at [[KOGO-AM]])
* [[Jim Hill (broadcaster)|Jim Hill]] – sports reporter and host of ''Mr. 39's Talent Night'' (later with KGTV; now with [[KCBS-TV]] and [[KCAL-TV]] in
* [[Jim Laslavic]] – sports director (1989–2019, recently retired)
* [[Joe Lizura]] – weather/meteorologist (1990–2006, subsequently at KUSI)
▲* [[Dagmar Midcap]] – chief meteorologist (2011-2023)
* [[Bill Ritter (journalist)|Bill Ritter]] – Reporter (now at [[WABC-TV|WABC]])
* [[Rolland Smith]] – anchor (1993–1997, returned to New York)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=47252|title=William Jefferson Clinton interview with Rolland Smith of KNSD-TV, San Diego|date=October 22, 1993|access-date=March 12, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Anne State]] – anchor/reporter (2002–2008, later at [[WBBM-TV]] in
* [[Bree Walker]] – anchor (1997–2000, later with [[KEIB|KTLK]] in Los Angeles)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/person/?58351/BreeWalker|title=Disabilities In The Workplace|date=October 26, 1998|access-date=August 12, 2023}}</ref>
* [[Lou Waters]] – [[news director]] and anchor (subsequently an early and tenured [[CNN]] anchor)
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! scope = "col" | Programming
|-
! scope = "row" | 39.1
| [[1080i]] || rowspan="4"|[[16:9]] || KNSD-DT || Main KNSD programming / [[NBC]]
|-
! scope = "row" | 39.2
| rowspan="3"|[[480i]] || COZI-TV || [[Cozi TV]]
|-
! scope = "row" | 39.3
| LocalX || [[NBC LX Home]]
|-
! scope = "row" | 39.4
| Oxygen || [[Oxygen (TV channel)|Oxygen]]
|}
==See also==
* [[Channel 7 branded TV stations in the United States]]
* [[Channel 17 digital TV stations in the United States]]
* [[Channel 39 virtual TV stations in the United States]]
==References==
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==External links==
* {{Official website|https://www.nbcsandiego.com/}}
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