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HMCS Galt

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HMCS Galt was a Template:Sclass2- of the Royal Canadian Navy that served during the Second World War. She saw action primarily in the Battle of the Atlantic. She was named after the city of Galt, Ontario.

HMCS Galt circa August 1944, after completion of the foc'sle extension undertaken in New York that started in May 1944.
HMCS Galt circa August 1944, after completion of the foc'sle extension undertaken in New York that started in May 1944.
History
Canada
NameGalt
NamesakeGalt, Ontario
OperatorRoyal Canadian Navy
Ordered1 February 1940
BuilderCollingwood Shipyards, Collingwood
Laid down27 May 1940
Launched28 December 1940
Commissioned15 May 1941
Out of servicepaid off 21 June 1945
IdentificationPennant number: K163
Honours and
awards		Atlantic 1941-45[1]
Fatescrapped 1946.
General characteristics
Class and typeFlower-class corvette (original)[2]
Displacement925 long tons (940 t; 1,036 short tons)
Length205 ft (62.48 m)o/a
Beam33 ft (10.06 m)
Draught11.5 ft (3.51 m)
Propulsion
  • Single shaft
  • 2 × fire tube Scotch boilers
  • 1 × 4-cycle triple-expansion reciprocating steam engine
  • 2,750 ihp (2,050 kW)
Speed16 knots (29.6 km/h)
Range3,500 nautical miles (6,482 km) at 12 knots (22.2 km/h)
Complement85
Sensors and
processing systems
  • 1 × SW1C or 2C radar
  • 1 × Type 123A or Type 127DV sonar
Armament

Background

Main article: Flower class corvette

Flower-class corvettes like Galt serving with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were different from earlier and more traditional sail-driven corvettes.[3][4][5] The "corvette" designation was created by the French as a class of small warships; the Royal Navy borrowed the term for a period but discontinued its use in 1877.[6] During the hurried preparations for war in the late 1930s, Winston Churchill reactivated the corvette class, needing a name for smaller ships used in an escort capacity, in this case based on a whaling ship design.[7] The generic name "flower" was used to designate the class of these ships, which – in the Royal Navy – were named after flowering plants.[8]

Corvettes commissioned by the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were named after communities for the most part, to better represent the people who took part in building them. This idea was put forth by Admiral Percy W. Nelles. Sponsors were commonly associated with the community for which the ship was named. Royal Navy corvettes were designed as open sea escorts, while Canadian corvettes were developed for coastal auxiliary roles which was exemplified by their minesweeping gear. Eventually the Canadian corvettes would be modified to allow them to perform better on the open seas.[9]

Construction

She was ordered 1 February 1940 as part of the 1939-1940 Flower-class building program. She was laid down by Collingwood Shipyards at Collingwood, Ontario on 27 May 1940 and was launched on 28 December 1940.[10] Galt was commissioned on 15 May 1941 at Montreal, Quebec.[2][11]

During her career, Galt had three major refits. The first began in February 1942 at Liverpool, Nova Scotia and took until May of that year to complete. Her second began January 1943, this time begun at Liverpool, but completed at Halifax in mid-April 1943. Her final refit, begun in March 1944 at New York saw Galt's fo'c'sle extended. This took until May 1944 to complete.[11]

War duty

Galt was initially assigned to the Newfoundland Escort Force after workups. Galt escorted 6 trans-Atlantic convoys without loss before being assigned to Mid-Ocean Escort Force (MOEF) group C3 in June 1942. With group C3, she participated in the battles for convoy ON 115 and convoy SC 109. After a yard overhaul in early 1943, Galt escorted 12 trans-Atlantic convoys without loss before another yard overhaul in January 1944. During that time, she was assigned mainly to MOEF group C1. After that refit, Galt escorted North American coastal convoys with the Western Local Escort Force from July 1944 until May 1945 as part of group W-5.[12][11]

Trans-Atlantic convoys escorted

Convoy Escort Group Dates Notes
HX 143 8-17 August 1941[13] 73 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Iceland
SC 41 28 August-6 September 1941[14] 64 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Iceland
ON 12 10-14 September 1941[15] 41 ships escorted without loss from Iceland to Newfoundland
SC 46 25 September-5 October 1941[14] 53 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Iceland
ON 23 10-19 October 1941[15] 26 ships escorted without loss from Iceland to Newfoundland
SC 61 23 December 1941-2 January 1942[14] 16 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Iceland
HX 191 MOEF group C3 28 May-5 June 1942[13] 24 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 104 MOEF group C3 17–27 June 1942[15] 36 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
SC 90 MOEF group C3 6–15 July 1942[14] 32 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 115 MOEF group C3 25 July-3 August 1942[15] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland; 3 ships torpedoed (2 sank)
HX 202 MOEF group C3 11–17 August 1942[13] 43 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Iceland
ON 121 MOEF group C3 17–20 August 1942[15] 34 ships escorted without loss from Iceland to Newfoundland
SC 98 MOEF group C3 1–12 September 1942[14] 69 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 131 MOEF group C3 19–28 September 1942[15] 54 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 210 MOEF group C3 7–14 October 1942[13] 36 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 141 MOEF group C3 26 October-3 November 1942[15] 59 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
SC 109 MOEF group C3 16–28 November 1942[14] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland; 2 ships torpedoed (1 sank)
ON 152 MOEF group C3 10–19 December 1942[15] 15 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 242 6-14 June 1943[13] 61 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 190 25 June-3 July 1943[15] 87 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 247 14-19 July 1943[13] 71 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 195 1-8 August 1943[15] 51 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 252 20-27 August 1943[13] 52 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 201 10-18 September 1943[15] 70 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 258 28 September-5 October 1943[13] 59 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 207 19-28 October 1943[15] 52 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 264 5-16 November 1943[13] 65 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 213 27 November-7 December 1943[15] 60 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 270 15-25 December 1943[13] 61 ships escorted without loss from Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 219 9-20 January 1944[15] 61 ships escorted without loss from Northern Ireland to Newfoundland

Post war service

Galt was paid off following the end of hostilities on 21 June 1945 at Sorel, Quebec. She was scrapped in 1946 at Hamilton.[2][11]

References

  1. ^ "Battle Honours". Britain's Navy. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
  2. ^ a b c Lenton, H.T.; Colledge, J.J (1968). British and Dominion Warships of World War II. Doubleday & Company. pp. 201, 212.
  3. ^ Ossian, Robert. "Complete List of Sailing Vessels". The Pirate King. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
  4. ^ Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare. Vol. 11. London: Phoebus. pp. 1137–1142.
  5. ^ Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II. New Jersey: Random House. 1996. p. 68. ISBN 0-517-67963-9.
  6. ^ Blake, Nicholas; Lawrence, Richard (2005). The Illustrated Companion to Nelson's Navy. Stackpole Books. pp. 39–63. ISBN 0-8117-3275-4.
  7. ^ Chesneau, Roger; Gardiner, Robert (June 1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships (1922-1946). Naval Institute Press. p. 62. ISBN 0-87021-913-8.
  8. ^ Milner, Marc (1985). North Atlantic Run. Naval Institute Press. pp. 117–119, 142–145, 158, 175–176, 226, 235, 285–291. ISBN 0-87021-450-0.
  9. ^ Macpherson, Ken; Milner, Marc (1993). Corvettes of the Royal Canadian Navy 1939-1945. St. Catharines: Vanwell Publishing. ISBN 1-55125-052-7.
  10. ^ "HMCS Galt (K 163)". Uboat.net. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
  11. ^ a b c d Macpherson, Ken; Burgess, John (1981). The ships of Canada's naval forces 1910-1981 : a complete pictorial history of Canadian warships. Toronto: Collins. pp. 76, 157, 231. ISBN 0-00216-856-1.
  12. ^ "Convoy Web". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "HX convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
  14. ^ a b c d e f "SC convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "ON convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
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