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Near Pulborough, tools have been found that date from around 35,000 years ago and that are thought to be from either the last Neanderthals in northern Europe or pioneer populations of modern humans.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7466735.stm | work=BBC News | first=Christine | last=McGourty | title='Neanderthal tools' found at dig | date=23 June 2008}}</ref> On the South Downs lie Neolithic flint mines that date to around 4000BC, some of the earliest in Europe. The county is also rich in remains from the Bronze Age and Iron Age.
Prior to Roman invasions it was occupied by a [[Belgic tribe]] called the [[Atrebates]]. [[Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus|
The retreat of Roman forces in the 5th century facilitated the landing of migrants from what is now Germany and created the kingdom of the [[South Saxons]] under King [[Ælle of Sussex|Ælle]], who is recorded as having held overlordship over other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and as being the first [[bretwalda]], or 'Britain ruler'. Under [[St Wilfrid]], Sussex became the last of the seven traditional kingdoms of the [[heptarchy]] to undergo Christianisation. By the 8th century the kingdom had expanded to include the territory of the [[Haestingas]]. Around 827 in the aftermath of the [[battle of Ellandun]], Sussex was annexed by the [[kingdom of Wessex]], a kingdom that with further expansion became the [[kingdom of England]].
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