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Line 12:
| map_alt = A map of New Jersey showing major roads. I-280 runs northwest to southeast in the northeastern part of the state.
| maint = [[New Jersey Department of Transportation|NJDOT]] and [[New Jersey Turnpike Authority|NJTA]]
| length_mi = 17.
| length_ref = <ref name=SLD>{{cite web |url= http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/sldiag/pdf/00000280__-.pdf|format=PDF|title=Interstate 280 Straight Line Diagram |author= New Jersey Department of Transportation |author-link= New Jersey Department of Transportation |publisher= New Jersey Department of Transportation |access-date=March 17, 2020}}
</ref>
| established = 1958
| direction_a = West
| terminus_a = {{Jct|state=NJ|I|80}} in [[Parsippany–Troy Hills, New Jersey|Parsippany-Troy Hills]]
| junction = {{plainlist|
*{{jct|state=NJ|GSP}} in [[East Orange, New Jersey|East Orange]]
Line 33:
}}
'''Interstate 280''' ('''I-280''') is a {{convert|17.
A part of present-day I-280 in Newark west of the Stickel Bridge was legislated as [[New Jersey Route 25A|Route 25A]] in 1939, a spur of [[New Jersey Route 25|Route 25]] ([[U.S. Route 1/9|US Route 1/9]] [US 1/9]) that was to run from [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]] west to Newark. This portion of road would become [[New Jersey Route 58|Route 58]] in 1953 (the Route 58 designation was removed in the 1990s). When the Interstate Highway System was being planned, the [[New Jersey Route 3|Route 3]] freeway was planned to become an Interstate. The [[New Jersey State Highway Department]] favored the Essex Freeway instead between I-80 in
==Route description==
[[File:2018-07-18 09 47 52 View west along Interstate 280 (Essex Freeway) between Exit 5A and Exit 4B in Roseland, Essex County, New Jersey.jpg|thumb|left|I-280 westbound past CR 527 in Roseland]]I-280 begins at [[Interstate 80 in New Jersey|I-80]] and [[U.S. Route 46|US 46]] in [[Parsippany–Troy Hills, New Jersey|
The terrain becomes urban soon after exit 10, when it enters [[Orange, New Jersey|Orange]]. Here, I-280 narrows back to six lanes and heads onto a depressed alignment with frequent overpasses, running a short distance to the south of [[NJ Transit]]'s [[Morristown Line]].<ref name=SLD/><ref name=gmap/> Along this portion, the roadway has ramps to Essex Avenue, Day Street, and Center Street.<ref name=SLD/> Continuing into [[East Orange, New Jersey|East Orange]], the freeway passes under more streets as it runs next to the Morristown Line, passing south of [[Brick Church station
[[File:2021-06-30 14 59 52 View east along Interstate 280 (Essex Freeway) from the overpass for Humboldt Street in Newark, Essex County, New Jersey.jpg|thumb|right|I-280 eastbound approaching the 1st Street exit in Newark]]After crossing under more city streets, the roadway comes to exit 13, a left-side exit and entrance to and from the west accessing 1st Street and a ramp from the east to Orange Street.<ref name=SLD/><ref name=gmap/> At this point, the total number of lanes on the road decreases from 10 to four and I-280 eastbound heads up and over the exit 13 ramps, rejoining the westbound lanes on a bridge over 1st Street, Orange Street, and NJ Transit's [[Newark Light Rail]] line. As the road returns to surface level and begins to parallel NJ Transit's [[Morris & Essex Lines]] and [[Montclair-Boonton Line]] to the north, an unused bridge carries the western end of the 1954 section of freeway over the railroad to Orange Street east of Duryea Street.<ref name=SLD/><ref name=gmap/><ref name="njdotmap">{{cite map |author = Bureau of Information Management and Technology Planning Geographic Information Systems |url = https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/gis/maps/pol_subdiv_w_roads.pdf |title = New Jersey Municipal Boundaries With Roads |scale = Scale not given |location = Trenton |publisher = New Jersey Department of Transportation |date = May 3, 2018 |access-date = July 5, 2022 }}</ref> After this, I-280 passes under Clifton Avenue, which it has access to, and Nesbitt Street. It rises again to pass over Martin Luther King Boulevard, which is also has access to, Broad Street, and [[New Jersey Route 21|Route 21]].<ref name=SLD/> Just after a large interchange with Route 21, I-280 crosses the Passaic River again on the six-lane [[William A. Stickel Memorial Bridge]], a {{convert|125|ft|m|adj=on}} [[
I-280 continues to run just north of the railroad as a six-lane freeway through Harrison, reaching an interchange with [[County Route 508 (New Jersey)|CR 508]].<ref name=SLD/><ref name=gmap/> The road continues southeast through urban surroundings before turning east and passing to the north of a railroad yard, splitting from the railroad line as it runs into [[Kearny, New Jersey|Kearny]] and enters the [[New Jersey
Replacement of partial access in
==History==
{{see also|New Jersey Route 58}}
[[File:NJ 25A (cutout).svg|thumb|left|100px|Route 25A (1939–1953)|alt=Cutout shield for Route 25A]]
What is now the easternmost part of I-280 was legislated as [[New Jersey Route 25A|Route 25A]] in 1939. This route was a branch of [[New Jersey Route 25|Route 25]] ([[U.S. Route 1/9|US 1/9]]) that ran from [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]] west through Kearny and Harrison across the Passaic River and into Newark, connecting with Route 21 and Clifton Avenue.<ref name=25a>{{cite web |url = https://codes.findlaw.com/nj/title-27-highways/nj-st-sect-27-6-1.html |work = New Jersey Statutes |title = Title 27. Highways 27 § 6-1 |via = [[FindLaw]] |date = February 19, 2021 |access-date= July 5, 2022 |quote = ROUTE NO. 25A. Beginning at a point in State Highway Route No. 25 in Jersey City and extending via Jersey City, Kearny, Harrison, across the Passaic
[[Image:New York, New York 1955 Yellow Book.jpg|thumb|300px|1955 map, showing the planned Interstate Highway along [[New Jersey Route 3|Route 3]]|alt=A map of the New York City area showing county borders in addition to proposed interstates, which are in thick black]]
Around the time the Stickel Bridge opened, the Essex Freeway was planned to connect US 46 in Morris County east to the New Jersey Turnpike in Hudson County, with the intention of alleviating traffic along [[New Jersey Route 10|Route 10]].<ref name="essexfreeway">{{cite report |year= 1948 |title= Report on East–West and Route 10 Freeways and Connections |publisher= New Jersey State Highway Department}}{{page needed|date= October 2015}}</ref> During planning for the [[Interstate Highway System]] in the 1950s, the [[Bureau of Public Roads]] proposed an Interstate Highway along [[New Jersey Route 3|Route 3]], to the north of Newark.<ref name="yellowbook">{{cite map |author=Bureau of Public Roads |author-link=Bureau of Public Roads |date= September 1955 |map= New York and Environs |title= General Location of National System of Interstate Highways Including All Additional Routes at Urban Areas Designated in September 1955 |map-url= http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:New_York,_New_York_1955_Yellow_Book.jpg |scale= Scale not given |location= Washington, DC |publisher= Government Printing Office |page= 59 |oclc= 4165975 |access-date=December 22, 2009}}</ref> The [[
[[File:2020-07-13 10 28 46 View west along Interstate 280 (Essex Freeway) at Exit 16 (Harrison) in Harrison, Hudson County, New Jersey.jpg|thumb|left|View west along I-280 at exit 16 in Harrison]]
Line 62:
The construction of I-280 destroyed a large part of the historic urban cores of Orange, East Orange, and Newark, while providing a path for shoppers to head to shopping malls in surrounding suburban communities rather than shop in aging downtowns that had been disrupted by the highway construction.<ref name=jacobs>{{cite news |author-link = Andrew Jacobs (journalist) |last = Jacobs |first = Andrew |url = https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/25/nyregion/knocked-down-yes-knocked-never-town-orange-no-stranger-bad-struggles-make-sense.html |title = Knocked Down, Yes. Knocked Out, Never.; The Town of Orange, No Stranger to Bad News, Struggles to Make Sense of Police Shooting and Its Aftermath |work = The New York Times |date = April 25, 1999 |access-date= July 5, 2022 |quote = The 1967 riots that devastated Newark didn't help, but many old-timers say the worst blow was delivered by the bulldozers and wrecking balls that built Interstate 280. Begun in 1961 and opened 12 years later, the east-west highway sliced Orange in half, destroyed a broad swath of the two-mile-wide town and then carried many residents to the emerging suburban frontier in Essex and Morris Counties. Main Street, once lined with stores, three movie theaters and numerous restaurants, also suffered as I-280 introduced shoppers to the mall. }}</ref> Many commercial buildings and historic [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] homes in Orange and East Orange were demolished in the process.<ref>{{cite report |url= http://www.handsinc.org/heartoforangeplan.pdf |title= Heart of Orange Neighborhood Plan |author= HANDS, Inc |date= April 2010 |publisher= HANDS, Inc. |access-date= October 25, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035308/http://www.handsinc.org/heartoforangeplan.pdf |archive-date= March 4, 2016 |url-status= dead }}{{page needed|date= October 2015}}</ref><ref name=jacobs/>
I-280 fully opened west from Newark to I-80 in
In the 1990s, the Route 58 designation was officially removed from I-280 through Newark.<ref name="1990sld">{{cite journal |author= New Jersey Department of Transportation |title= Route 58 Straight Line Diagram |publisher= New Jersey Department of Transportation |year= 1990 |edition= 1990}}</ref><ref name="1997sld">{{cite journal |author= New Jersey Department of Transportation |title= Interstate 280 Straight Line Diagram |publisher= New Jersey Department of Transportation |year= 1997 |edition= 1997}}</ref> In 2001, the state determined the Stickel Bridge over the Passaic River and its approaches were structurally deficient and was going to need to be replaced after sections of it were falling apart.<ref name=nyt6>{{cite news |last= Caldwell |first= Dave |title= With Repairs and New Paint, a Bridge Is Getting Its Life Extended |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= May 27, 2007 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/27/nyregion/nyregionspecial2/27bridgenj.html |access-date= January 7, 2010}}</ref><ref name=tsl>{{cite news |last= Sterling |first= Guy |title= A Bridge Too Old: State Looks to Fix the Stickel |work= [[The Star-Ledger]] |date=April 20, 2001 |page=1}}</ref><ref name=tsl2>{{cite news |last=Sterling|first=Guy|title=Elevated Route 280 Section Drops Chunks on Newark: Authorities Block Off Parts of Two Streets|work= The Star-Ledger |date=May 2, 2001 |page=25}}</ref> Instead of replacing the bridge, in 2007, the [[New Jersey Department of Transportation]] (NJDOT) decided to rehabilitate it at a lower cost.<ref name=nyt6/> Reconstruction of the bridge was completed in April 2009 at a cost of $33 million (equivalent to ${{Formatprice|{{inflation|US-GDP|33000000|2009}}}} in {{Inflation/year|index=US-GDP}}{{Inflation/fn|index=US-GDP}}).<ref name=njdot>{{Cite web |author= New Jersey Department of Transportation |title= I-280 Stickel Bridge Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Overview, Construction Updates, Commuter Information |publisher= New Jersey Department of Transportation |access-date= January 7, 2010 |url= http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/commuter/roads/I280/}}</ref>
I-280, like many other highways in New Jersey, once had solar powered emergency [[
==Exit list==
Line 75:
|location=Parsippany-Troy Hills
|lspan=3
|mile=0.
|mspan=2
|exit=–
|road={{jct|state=NJ|I|80|dir1=west|
|notes=Direct access to I-80 express lanes;
{{NJint|exit
|mile=none
Line 87:
|notes=Westbound exit and eastbound entrance to/from I-80 local lanes}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=1.
|exit=1
|road={{jct|state=NJ|to2=to|road|Edwards
|notes=US 46 not signed eastbound}}
{{NJint|exit
Line 96:
|location=Roseland
|lspan=2
|mile=3.
|exit=4
|road={{jctname|state=NJ|CR|609|county1=Essex|dir1=south|noshield1=yes|name1=[[Eisenhower Parkway]]}}
|notes=Signed as exits 4A (
{{NJint|exit
|mile=4.
|exit=5
|road={{jct|state=NJ|CR|527|city1=Livingston|
|notes=Signed as exits 5A (
{{NJint|exit
|location=Livingston
|mile=6.
|exit=6
|road={{jctname|state=NJ|CR|634|county1=Essex|noshield1=yes|name1=Laurel Avenue}}
|notes=Signed as exits 6A (
{{NJint|exit
|location=West Orange
|lspan=4
|mile=7.
|exit=7
|road=
|notes=}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=8.
|exit=8
|road={{jct|state=NJ|CR|577|name1=Prospect
|notes=Signed as exits 8A (
{{NJint|exit
|mile=9.
|exit=9
|type=incomplete
|road=
|notes=Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
{{NJint|exit
|mile=9.
|exit=10
|type=incomplete
|road={{jct|state=NJ|CR|508|
|notes=Westbound exit and eastbound entrance}}
{{NJint|exit
|location=Orange
|lspan=2
|mile=10.
|exit=11
|type=incomplete
|road={{jct|state=NJ|road|Center
|notes=Eastbound exit only}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=10.
|exit=11B
|type=incomplete
|road={{jct|state=NJ|road|Day
|notes=Westbound exit only}}
{{NJint|exit
|location=East Orange
|lspan=2
|mile=11.
|exit=11A (EB)<br>12A (WB)
|road={{jct|state=NJ|road|Harrison
|notes=Harrison Street not signed westbound}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=12.
|exit=12B
|type=
|road={{jct|state=NJ|GSP||road|Oraton
|notes=
{{NJint|exit
|location=Newark
|lspan=5
|mile=13.
|exit=13
|espan=2
|type=incomplete
|road={{jct|state=NJ|road|First
|notes=Left eastbound exit and westbound entrance}}
{{NJint
|mile=13.
|type=incomplete
|road=Orange
|notes=Westbound exit and eastbound entrance}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=13.
|exit=14A
|type=incomplete
|road=Clifton
|notes=Westbound exit and entrance}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=14.
|exit=14
|type=incomplete
|road={{jct|state=NJ|road|
|notes=Eastbound exit and entrance}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=14.
|exit=15
|road={{jct|state=NJ|Route|21|city1=Newark|city2=Belleville}}
Line 195:
{{jctbridge|exit
|river=[[Passaic River]]
|mile=14.
|line=yes
|bridge=[[William A. Stickel Memorial Bridge]]}}
Line 202:
|cspan=5
|location=Harrison
|mile=14.
|exit=16
|road=[[Harrison, New Jersey|Harrison]], [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]]
Line 209:
|location=Kearny
|lspan=4
|mile=16.
|exit=17
|road={{jct|state=NJ|CR|508|city1=Jersey City|city2=Kearny}}
|notes=Signed as exits 17A (
{{NJint|exit
|mile=17.
|type=toll
|place=Exit 15W Toll Plaza}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=17.
|exit=–
|type=incomplete
Line 224:
|notes=Eastbound exit and westbound entrance; exit 15W on the Western Spur}}
{{NJint|exit
|mile=17.
|exit=–
|road={{jct|state=NJ|I|95|dir1=north|NJTP||dir2=north|
|notes=Eastern terminus; exit 15W on the Eastern Spur}}
{{jctbtm|exit|keys=incomplete,toll}}
|