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"'''Junk food'''" is a term used to describe food that is high in [[calorie#Nutrition|calories]] from [[macronutrient]]s such as [[sugar]] and/or [[fat]], and possibly sodium, making it [[hyperpalatable]], but with insufficient [[dietary fiber]], [[Protein (nutrient)|protein]], or [[micronutrient]]s such as [[vitamin]]s and [[dietary element|minerals]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/junk%20food | title=junk food | publisher=Merriam-Webster Dictionary | access-date=13 March 2015 | archive-date=30 September 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930083107/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/junk%20food | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/junk-food | title=junk food | publisher=Macmillan Dictionary | access-date=13 March 2015 | archive-date=2 April 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402102027/http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/junk-food | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="m">{{cite news|last=O'Neill|first=Brendon|title=Is this what you call junk food?|work=[[BBC News]]|date=November 30, 2006|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/6187234.stm|access-date=June 29, 2010|archive-date=October 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010164339/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/6187234.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> It is also known as '''HFSS food''' (high in fat, salt and sugar).<ref name="ama-who">{{Cite web|last=Parks|first=Troy|date=16 Dec 2016|title=WHO warns on kids' digital exposure to junk-food ads|url=https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/population-care/who-warns-kids-digital-exposure-junk-food-ads|website=American Medical Association|access-date=30 December 2018|archive-date=5 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705012247/https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/population-care/who-warns-kids-digital-exposure-junk-food-ads|url-status=live}}</ref> The term ''junk food'' is a [[pejorative]] dating back to the 1950s.<ref>{{cite news|author=Zimmer, Ben|date=30 Dec 2010|title=On Language: Junk|newspaper=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/02/magazine/02FOB-onlanguage-t.html?_r=0|access-date=19 March 2015|archive-date=19 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619084158/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/02/magazine/02FOB-onlanguage-t.html?_r=0|url-status=live}}</ref> Many variations of junk food can be easily found in most supermarkets and fast-food restaurants. Due to easy accessibility, commercially-oriented packaging, and often-low prices, people are most likely to consume it.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/junk-food-and-your-health |title=Archived copy |access-date=2023-09-12 |archive-date=2023-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602072325/https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/junk-food-and-your-health |url-status=live }}</ref>
Precise definitions vary by purpose and over time. Some high-protein foods, like meat prepared with [[saturated fat]], may be considered junk food.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Scott|first=Caitlin|date=May 2018|title=Sustainably Sourced Junk Food? Big Food and the Challenge of Sustainable Diets|journal=Global Environmental Politics|language=en|volume=18|issue=2|pages=93–113|doi=10.1162/glep_a_00458|s2cid=57559050|issn=1526-3800|doi-access=free}}</ref> [[Fast food]] and [[fast
Concerns about the negative health effects resulting from a junk food-heavy diet, especially [[obesity]], have resulted in [[public health]] [[awareness campaigns]], and restrictions on [[advertising]] and sale in several countries.<ref name="WHO">{{cite web | url=http://publichealthlawcenter.org/topics/healthy-eating/food-marketing-kids | title=Food Marketing to Kids | publisher=Public Health Law Center (William Mitchell College of Law) | date=2010 | access-date=13 March 2015 | archive-date=28 October 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151028124519/http://publichealthlawcenter.org/topics/healthy-eating/food-marketing-kids | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.who.int/features/2014/uk-food-drink-marketing/en/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140920211847/http://www.who.int/features/2014/uk-food-drink-marketing/en/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=September 20, 2014 | title=Protecting children from the harmful effects of food and drink marketing | publisher=World Health Organization | date=September 2014 | access-date=13 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cspinet.org/nutritionpolicy/foodmarketing_abroad.pdf | title=Food Marketing in Other Countries | access-date=2015-03-13 | archive-date=2016-03-03 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212320/http://www.cspinet.org/nutritionpolicy/foodmarketing_abroad.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref> Current studies indicate that a diet high in junk food can increase the risk of depression, digestive issues, heart disease and stroke, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and early death.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Brissette |first=Christy |date=March 1, 2018 |title=this is your body on fast food |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/wellness/sneaking-a-little-junk-food-doesnt-mean-all-is-lost/2018/02/26/828b75fa-1b36-11e8-9de1-147dd2df3829_story.html |access-date=October 3, 2022 |archive-date=March 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301013557/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/wellness/sneaking-a-little-junk-food-doesnt-mean-all-is-lost/2018/02/26/828b75fa-1b36-11e8-9de1-147dd2df3829_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
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