Orang Asli: Difference between revisions

Semang are part of the earliest modern human migration that arrived Peninsular Malaysia 50 to 7060 thousand years ago, while Senoi are part of Austroasiatic population that arrived Peninsular Malaysia 10 to 30 thousands year ago.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Norhalifah |first1=Hanim Kamis |last2=Syaza |first2=Fatnin Hisham |last3=Chambers |first3=Geoffrey Keith |last4=Edinur |first4=Hisham Atan |date=July 2016 |title=The genetic history of Peninsular Malaysia |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378111916302566 |journal=Gene |language=en |volume=586 |issue=1 |pages=129–135 |doi=10.1016/j.gene.2016.04.008|pmid=27060406 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hoh |first1=Boon-Peng |last2=Deng |first2=Lian |last3=Xu |first3=Shuhua |date=2022-01-27 |title=The Peopling and Migration History of the Natives in Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo: A Glimpse on the Studies Over the Past 100 years |journal=Frontiers in Genetics |volume=13 |page=767018 |doi=10.3389/fgene.2022.767018 |issn=1664-8021 |pmc=8829068 |pmid=35154269 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Some earlier hypotheses pointed out the Semang and Senoi as descendants of the [[Hoabinhian]] people,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=ANDAYA |first=LEONARD Y. |title=Orang Asli and the Melayu in the History of the Malay Peninsula |date=2002 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41493461 |journal=Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society |volume=75 |issue=1 (282) |pages=25–26 |jstor=41493461 |issn=0126-7353}}</ref> Further research showed Semang shared genetic drift with ancient genomes from Hoabinhian ancestry, suggesting that they are genetically closer to the ancestors of Hoabinhian hunter-gatherers who occupied northern parts of Peninsular Malaysia during the late Pleistocene.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=McColl |first1=Hugh |last2=Racimo |first2=Fernando |last3=Vinner |first3=Lasse |last4=Demeter |first4=Fabrice |last5=Gakuhari |first5=Takashi |last6=Moreno-Mayar |first6=J. Víctor |last7=van Driem |first7=George |last8=Gram Wilken |first8=Uffe |last9=Seguin-Orlando |first9=Andaine |last10=de la Fuente Castro |first10=Constanza |last11=Wasef |first11=Sally |last12=Shoocongdej |first12=Rasmi |last13=Souksavatdy |first13=Viengkeo |last14=Sayavongkhamdy |first14=Thongsa |last15=Saidin |first15=Mohd Mokhtar |date=2018-07-06 |title=The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aat3628 |journal=Science |language=en |volume=361 |issue=6397 |pages=88–92 |doi=10.1126/science.aat3628 |pmid=29976827 |s2cid=206667111 |issn=0036-8075|hdl=10072/383365 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bellwood |first=Peter |title=Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago |date=March 2007 |publisher=ANU Press |doi=10.22459/pima.03.2007 |isbn=978-1-921313-11-0 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Both groups speak [[Austroasiatic]] languages (also known as ''[[Mon-Khmer language]]''). The Proto-Malays, who speak [[Austronesian languages]], migrated to the area between 2000 and 1500 BC, originally from southern China.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=ANDAYA |first=LEONARD Y. |title=Orang Asli and the Melayu in the History of the Malay Peninsula |date=2002 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41493461 |journal=Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society |volume=75 |issue=1 (282) |pages=27 |jstor=41493461 |issn=0126-7353}}</ref> The Proto-Malays were originally considered [[Malays (ethnic group)|ethnic Malay]], but reclassified as part of Orang Asli by the British colonial authorities due to the similarity of their socio-economic and lifestyles with the [[Senoi]] and [[Semang]]. There are various degrees of admixture within all three groups and only over time did indigenous peoples began to identify themselves under a common name "Orang Asli" as a marker of collective identity as natives distinct from the predominant ethnic groups more recently arrived to the peninsula.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=The Orang Asli of West Malaysia: An Update |author=Shuichi Nagata et Csilla Dallos |journal=Moussons |url=https://journals.openedition.org/moussons/3468 |date=April 2001 |issue=4 |pages=97–112 |access-date=2023-08-04 |publisher=Open Edition Journals|doi=10.4000/moussons.3468 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Orang Asli seldom associate themselves with the categories of "Negrito", "Senoi" and "Aboriginal Malays".<ref name="MOP1-38">{{cite book|author=Kirk Endicott|title=Malaysia's Original People: Past, Present and Future of the Orang Asli|year=2015|publisher=[[NUS Press]]|isbn=978-99-716-9861-4|pages=1–38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=geXsCgAAQBAJ}}</ref><ref name="LOTP">{{cite book|author=Nobuta Toshihiro|title=Living On The Periphery: Development and Islamization Among the Orang Asli in Malaysia|year=2009|url=http://www.coac.org.my/dashboard/modules/cms/cms~file/93c38c2f6837049ec87607013c0c5404.pdf|publisher=Center for Orang Asli Concerns, Subang Jaya, Malaysia, 2009|isbn=978-983-43248-4-1|access-date=2021-02-09}}</ref>