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[[File:A satire on the refurbishment (or building) of a Lock Hospit Wellcome V0013419.jpg|thumb|Cartoon showing inmates of a lock hospital, 1802. The man at left is undergoing [[paracentesis]] (draining of fluid from the abdomen). In the centre, one patient reads [[handbills]] for [[Quackery|quack medicines]]. At right, a prosperous and smug [[apothecary]] ([[pharmacist]]) rides in a [[Coach (carriage)|coach]] with [[footmen]]; his family motto is ''[[Memento mori]]'', "remember you shall die."]]
A '''lock hospital''' was a hospital that specialized in treating [[venereal disease|sexually transmitted disease]]s. They operated in Britain and its colonies and territories from the 18th century to the 20th.<ref name=Loundes>Frederick W. Loundes, ''Lock Hospitals and Lock Wards in General Hospitals'' (London: J. & A. Churchill,1882), on Internet Archive website, at https://archive.org/stream/lockhospitalsloc00lown/lockhospitalsloc00lown_djvu.txt .</ref> The military had a close association with a number of the hospitals. By the mid-19th century most of the larger army bases in India were home to a lock hospital.<ref name=Dartnell>{{cite journal |author=Dartnell, George R |year=1860 |title=On the prevalence and severity of syphilis in the British army and its prevention |journal=British Medical Journal |volume=1 |issue=174 |pages=317–319.|pmc=2252720 }}</ref> There were more military than civil lock hospitals in India, due to the prevalence of venereal diseases amongst British troops.<ref name="Medical History of British India">{{cite web |last=Sehrawat |first=Samiksha |title=Institutions: Lock hospitals: Measures to halt venereal diseases |url=http://digital.nls.uk/indiapapers/institutions.html |work=Medical History of British India |publisher=National Library of Scotland |access-date=24 October 2013}}</ref> In 1858 the [[Admiralty]] paid to have one opened in [[Portsmouth]] and in 1863 another in [[Plymouth]].<ref name=stark>{{cite book |title=Female Tars: Women aboard ship in the age of sail |last=Stark |first=Suzanne J. |year=1998 |publisher=Pimlico |isbn=0-7126-6660-5 |page=33}}</ref>▼
[[File:London Lock Hospital.jpg|thumb|London Lock Hospital, 1831]]
[[File:Plan_of_the_Lock_Hospital%2C_Southwark_Wellcome_M0015151.jpg|thumb|Plan of the lock hospital of [[Southwark]]: it includes a "[[wikt:pledget|pleget]] room," devoted to the changing of [[Dressing (medical)|dressings]].]]
{{for|the Broadside ballad|The Unfortunate Lad}}
A '''lock hospital''' was an establishment that specialised in treating [[venereal disease|sexually transmitted disease]]s. They operated in Britain and its colonies and territories from the 18th century to the 20th.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/lockhospitalsloc00lown/lockhospitalsloc00lown_djvu.txt|title=Lock Hospitals and Lock Wards in General Hospitals|last=Loundes|first=Frederick W.|publisher=J. & A. Churchill|year=1882|location=London}}</ref>
The earliest lock hospitals in India were established around 1797 at [[Behrampur]], [[Kanpur]], [[Danapur]] and [[Fategarh]]{{dn|date=February 2018}}. They were usually within bazaars and surrounded by a mud wall with a doctor and a woman assistant. The local police were in charge of rounding up women who were suspected of being diseased and they could return home only after obtaining a certificate of discharge.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wald|first=Erica|date=2009-05-05|title=From begums and bibis to abandoned females and idle women|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/001946460804600102|journal=The Indian Economic & Social History Review|language=en|volume=46|issue=1|pages=5–25|doi=10.1177/001946460804600102}}</ref>▼
== History ==
▲
▲The earliest lock hospitals in India were established around 1797 at [[
Lock Hospital operated in Hong Kong from 1858 to 1894 to deal with venereal diseases.{{cn|date=September 2023}}
The term "lock hospital" originates from their use as [[leprosarium]]s, after the "locks", or rags, which covered the lepers' lesions.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lock Hospital, Hyde Park Corner|url=http://www.oldlondonmaps.com/viewspages/0334.html|work=Sara Douglass, Old London Maps|year=2006|access-date=2010-02-02}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[London Lock Hospital]]
* [[Birmingham and Midland Skin and Urinary Hospital|Birmingham Skin and Lock Hospital]]
* [[Westmoreland Lock Hospital]], Dublin
* [[Contagious Diseases Acts]]
* [[Glasgow Lock Hospital]]
==References==
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== External links ==
* [http://digital.nls.uk/indiapapers/browse/archive/74905153 Reports on Lock hospitals in India]
* [https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-12-19/indigenous-lock-hospitals-onbernier-and-dorre-islands/10634122 Australian news article about Bernier and Dorre Island history]
{{Hospital articles}}
[[Category:Hospitals by medical condition]]▼
▲[[Category:Hospitals]]
[[Category:Sexual health]]
[[Category:History of the
[[Category:Women's health in the United Kingdom]]
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