Content deleted Content added
m overwhelmingly unnecessary (superfluous templates) or disruptive/negative edits (bad grammar, clumsy phrasing) |
translated spanish page to english |
||
Line 58:
|website =
|footnotes =
}}'''Liborina''' is a [[Municipalities of Colombia|municipality]] in [[Colombia]], located in the Western subregion of the [[Antioquia Department]]. It borders the municipalities of [[Sabanalarga, Antioquia|Sabanalarga]], [[San Andrés de Cuerquia]], and [[San José de la Montaña]] to the north; San José de la Montaña and [[Belmira]] to the east; [[Santa Fe de Antioquia]] and [[Olaya, Antioquia|Olaya]] to the south; and [[Buriticá]] to the west. Its town center is 80 kilometers via [[Sopetrán]] and 77 kilometers via Santa Fe de Antioquia (only accessible by motorcycles) from [[Medellín]], the capital of Antioquia. The municipality covers an area of 217 square kilometers and is connected by road to the municipalities of Sabanalarga, San José de la Montaña, Belmira, Olaya, and Buriticá.
== Toponymy ==
Liborina was named to honor the memory of former [[President of Colombia|Colombian President]] [[Liborio Mejía]], a hero of the [[Colombian War of Independence|independence]] of these lands.
== Geography ==
The main water source is the Juan García stream, which flows through the municipality from NE to SW. In ancient times, it was called Nutabe or Tajami. There are two versions regarding its current name: the first and more likely one is in honor of the aforementioned Spanish captain, and the second is due to a criminal named Juan García who, in his final attempt to evade the authorities, jumped into the [[Cauca River]] at the stream's mouth, successfully escaping. The Juan García watershed includes other streams such as La Pava, El Volador, La Peñola, La Porquera, and Juan Barriga.
Liborina is known for its "Liborino" beans, which have given the municipality its reputation and even have a festival held in their honor every November. Nestled in the mountains, it is a hot-weather destination pleasantly tempered by the coolness of its streams and the shade of its trees.
== History ==
The lands that now make up this municipality were inhabited by [[Nutabe]] and [[Tahamí people|Tahamí]] communities at the time of the [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|conquest]], who fiercely defended themselves against [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] invaders.
After the arrival of the [[Iberians]] and the defeat of the indigenous people, nothing of major historical significance occurred there. It is known that around 1541, [[Jorge Robledo (conquistador)|Jorge Robledo]] passed through the region with his fellow conquerors but continued on.
The lands of Liborina were granted to Francisco López de Rue in 1582, who later sold them to Francisco Arce, who in turn sold them to a Spanish captain named Juan García de Ordaz y Mancilla<ref>Municipios de Antioquia. Red de Extensión Académica (Reuna) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia</ref> in 1628. Some of the areas in this jurisdiction still bear the name Juan García.
Liborina was founded on March 7, 1832, and on September 25 of the same year, the procedures for the creation of the parish and its separation from [[Sacaojal]] were carried out. It was established as a municipality in 1833, when the then governor of Antioquia, [[Juan de Dios Aranzazu]], ordered the creation of the municipality in the lands of present-day Liborina.
Don Vicente Londoño, one of the municipality's founders, was the first mayor and commissioner, contributing his own economic resources to the construction of houses and the market fair. The first priest was Father Manuel Tirado Villa.
== General Information ==
* '''Foundation Date:''' March 7, 1832
* '''Municipality Establishment:''' 1833
* '''Founders:''' Vicente Londoño, Jorge Martínez, and Rafael Pajón
* '''Nickname:''' "Town of Squares"
== Political-Administrative Division ==
In addition to its main urban area, Liborina has jurisdiction over the following [[Corregimientos of Colombia|corregimientos]] (according to the departmental management):
* El Carmen de la Venta
* La Honda
* La Merced del Playón
* San Diego
== Demography ==
'''Historical Population:'''
* 1912: 5,653
* 1938: 8,780 (+55.3%)
* 1951: 10,073 (+14.7%)
* 1964: 11,729 (+16.4%)
* 1973: 11,494 (-2.0%)
* 1985: 11,031 (-4.0%)
* 1993: 10,972 (-0.5%)
* 2005: 9,475 (-13.6%)
* 2018: 10,028 (+5.8%)
'''Total Population (2018):''' 10,028 inhabitants<ref>Censo 2018 - Población ajustada por cobertura</ref>
* Urban Population: 2,296
* Rural Population: 7,732
* Literacy Rate (2005): 85.6%<ref>Censo oficial DANE 2005, Perfiles Departamentos y Municipios</ref>
* Urban Area: 90.6%
* Rural Area: 84.4%
== Ethnography ==
According to the 2005 census data presented by DANE, the ethnic composition of the municipality is:
* Mestizos & Whites (92.8%)
* Afro-Colombians (7.1%)
* Indigenous (0.1%)
== Economy ==
* '''Agriculture:''' Coffee, beans, sugar cane, panela, corn, bananas, vegetables, and fruits are primarily grown here. The district is famous for a special variety of beans developed in the region, the Liborino Bean.
* '''Livestock:''' Beef and dairy cattle.
* '''Mining'''
* '''Handicrafts:''' Production of shoes and whips.
== Tourism ==
'''Hidroituango Project:''' Liborina is one of the municipalities involved in the [[Ituango Dam|Hidroituango hydroelectric project]], finished in 2018. The reservoir floods part of its lands on the right bank of the Cauca River.<ref>Area de Influencia Proyecto Hidroituango</ref>
Additionally, the municipality plans to develop small hydroelectric projects (PCH). Initially, the PCH Liborina will be built for electricity generation, with an installed capacity of 4.9 MW, capturing the waters of the Juan García stream through a small dam, a conduit, and a powerhouse located in the San Diego corregimiento.<ref>Liborina le informa</ref>
== Festivals ==
* Feast of San Lorenzo, August 10.
* Bean Festival in November.
* Holy Week in March or April.
== Points of Interest ==
* Parish Church of San Lorenzo
* Corregimiento La Honda: The Cross, La Honda Stream, the Virgin of Mercy, La Palomera.
* San Diego: A few minutes from the municipal center, a town surrounded by mountains with a pleasant climate, good gastronomy, and ideal for nightlife, especially on weekends. Also, for bathing in natural pools and hiking or horseback riding.
== Natural Heritage: ==
* Juan García Stream, considered the most turbulent in the Antioquia department.
* Angelina Bridge
* La Canalón Stream
* Cerro de La Cruz
* La Merced del Playón, a town with colonial streets surrounded by beautiful landscapes.
== Notable People ==
* [[Cesar Maturana]]
* [[Jorge David Monsalve]]
== See also ==
* [[Municipalities of Colombia]]
==References==
Line 66 ⟶ 169:
{{Department of Antioquia}}
[[Category:Municipalities of Antioquia Department]]
{{coord|6|41|N|75|49|W|region:CO_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}}
| |||