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{{Short description|none}}
<!-- <span style="color:red">Note for editors: Please add a reference with your entry. Reference inclusion with original entry is much easier than post-hoc addition.</span> -->
This is a list of [[mnemonic]]s used in [[medicine]] and medical science, categorized and alphabetized. A mnemonic is any technique that assists the human memory with information retention or retrieval by making abstract or impersonal information more accessible and meaningful, and therefore easier to remember; many of them are acronyms or initialisms which reduce a lengthy set of terms to a single, easy-to-remember word or phrase.
==Mnemonics with wikipages==
{{dynamic list}}
# [[ABC (medicine)|ABC]] — airway, breathing, and circulation<ref>{{citation |title=An Introduction to Clinical Emergency Medicine |isbn=978-0521747769 |last1=Mahadevan |last2=Garmel |year=2012 |page=831|publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref>
# [[AEIOU-TIPS]] — causes of [[altered mental status]]
# [[APGAR]] — a [[backronym]] for appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration (used to assess newborn babies)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=APGAR|first1=V|title=A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant.|journal=Current Researches in Anesthesia & Analgesia|date=1953|volume=32|issue=4|pages=260–7|pmid=13083014|doi=10.1213/00000539-195301000-00041}}</ref>
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'''DOPE''':
* '''D'''isplaced (usually right mainstem,
* '''O'''bstruction (kinked or bitten tube, mucous plug, etc.)
* '''P'''neumothorax (collapsed lung)
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* [[thiamine|'''T'''hiamine]] (vitamin B1, also spelled thiamin)
* [[riboflavin|'''R'''iboflavin]] (vitamin B2)
* [[
* [[pyridoxine|'''P'''yridoxine]] (vitamin B6)
* [[cobalamin|'''C'''obalamin]] (vitamin B12)
===Essential amino acids===
"'''TIM HALL PVT'''. (Ltd.) always '''arg'''ue and never (get) '''tir'''e":
* '''P'''he – [[phenylalanine]]
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* '''L'''ys – [[lysine]]
*Always argue: A is for Arg (Arginine) not Asp (Aspartic acid).
*'Never
†Note that this initialism uses single letters for each amino acid that are ''not'' the same as the standard single-letter codes commonly used in molecular biology to uniquely specify each amino acid; for example, though [[phenylalanine]] is represented here by the letter "P", it is formally represented by the letter "F" in most other contexts, and "P" is instead used to formally represent [[proline]].
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===Fat-soluble vitamins===
===Folate deficiency: causes===
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'''T'''achycardia >100bpm '''(1.5)'''
'''I'''
'''P'''revious DVT/PE
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===Causes of life-threatening chest pain===
'''PET-MAC'''<ref>
* '''P''' = [[Pulmonary embolism]]
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===GCS intubation===
Under 8, intubate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/outreach/oregon-rural-health/providers/upload/2009-12-08-EMS-Webinar-Slides.pdf |title=Pediatric Brain Care |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |archive-date=
===Ipecac: contraindications===
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'''X'''-ray shows collapse
===TWEED SASH===
Non-pharmacological analgesia.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1284288277 |title=Fundamentals of pharmacology for paramedics |date=2022 |others=Ian Peate, Suzanne Evans, Lisa Clegg |isbn=978-1-119-72428-5 |location=Chichester, West Sussex |chapter=Chapter 8: Analgesics. |oclc=1284288277}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+
! colspan="2" |Non-Pharmacological Analgesic Strategies
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Psychological Interventions'''
|-
|'''T'''
|Therapeutic Touch (e.g. hand-holding)
|-
|'''W'''
|Warn about painful interventions
|-
|'''E'''
|Explain what is, or is about to, happen
|-
|'''E'''
|Eye contact
|-
|'''D'''
|Defend (patient) dignity
|-
! colspan="2" |'''Physical Interventions'''
|-
|'''S'''
|Stabilise fractures
|-
|'''A'''
|Apply dressings to cover burns
|-
|'''S'''
|Soft surface (avoid rigid spinal boards or stretchers)
|-
|'''H'''
|Hypothermia avoidance
|}
===Ventricular fibrillation: treatment===
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'''Momma'''= MgSO<sub>4</sub>
'''Poppa'''=
=== Causes of [[Nonunion|fracture non-union]] ===
SPLINT <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Education |first=Oxford Medical |date=2015-02-17 |title=Trauma & Orthopaedics Mnemonics |url=https://oxfordmedicaleducation.com/medical-mnemonics/trauma-orthopaedics-mnemonics/ |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=Oxford Medical Education |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* '''S'''oft tissue interposition
* '''P'''osition of reduction
* '''L'''ocation of fracture
* '''I'''nfection
* '''N'''utritional (damaged vessel/ diseased bone)
* '''T'''umour (pathological fracture)
=== Classical signs of acute [[compartment syndrome]] ===
The 6 '''P'''<nowiki/>'s of com'''P'''artment syndrome:<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cone |first=Jennifer |last2=Inaba |first2=Kenji |date=2017-10-01 |title=Lower extremity compartment syndrome |url=https://tsaco.bmj.com/content/2/1/e000094 |journal=Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=e000094 |doi=10.1136/tsaco-2017-000094 |issn=2397-5776|pmc=5877908 }}</ref>
# '''P'''ain.
# '''P'''aresthesia.
# '''P'''oikilothermia.
# '''P'''allor.
# '''P'''aralysis.
# '''P'''ulselessness.
==Endocrine==
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'''G'''uarding: muscular tension when touched
'''E'''
'''R'''ebound tenderness: infection
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|-
|'''Meaning:'''||'''C'''ord compression ||'''H'''ead compression || '''O'''2 || '''P'''lacental insufficiency
|}<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G0rvL70idQUC&q=VEAL+CHOP+mnemonics&pg=PA5 | title=NCLEX-RN EXCEL: Test Success through Unfolding Case Study Review| isbn=9780826106018| date=2010-02-23| publisher=Springer}}</ref>
===Neurovascular assessment===
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===Trauma assessment===
'''
[[Deformity|'''D'''eformities]] & discolorations
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[[Swelling (medical)|'''S'''welling]] & symmetry
'''BP-DOC'''
'''B'''leeding
'''P'''ain
'''D'''eformities
'''O'''pen wounds
[[Crepitus|'''C'''repitus]]
===Toxicological seizures: causes===
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'''R'''adiation:
'''I'''ntensity: how severe (scale
'''D'''uration: acute vs. chronic
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'''T'''rauma
'''H'''
'''I'''mmunizations
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'''A'''cidosis (refractory to treatment)
'''E'''lectrolyte abnormalities (refractory to treatment,
'''I'''ngestions (
'''O'''verload (volume overload refractory to IV diuresis)
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===Friedreich ataxia trinucleotide repeat===
Guanine
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'''A'''lcohol
'''K'''etoconazole<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HjtuM-Fof9MC&q=Some+Drugs+Create+Awesome+Knockers+Spironolactone%2C+Digoxin%2C+Cimetidine%2C+Alcohol%2C+Ketoconazole&pg=PA491 | title=Pharmacology Recall | access-date=13 May 2015| isbn=9780781755627 | last1=Ramachandran | first1=Anand | year=2007 | publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins }}</ref>
==Psychiatry==
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'''P'''ain
'''I'''
'''N'''ihilistic
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'''I'''nfection (PUS = Pneumonia, UTI, Skin)
'''M'''etabolic (
'''E'''nvironmental
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'''H'''ypoxia – CHF, anemia
'''D'''
'''E'''ndocrinopathies – hypo-/hyper-cortisol, hypoglycemia
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'''B'''ronchospasm
'''B'''ronchorrhea<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C7_NBQAAQBAJ&q=Killer+Bs+in+cholinergic%2C+bradycardia%2C+bronchorrhea%2C+bronchospasm&pg=PA129 | title=Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Car | author=Burchum, Jacqueline| isbn=9780323340267 | date=2014-12-02 | publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences }}</ref>
also known as '''DUMBBELLS'''
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'''P'''ostintubation management<ref>{{cite web|last=Cooper|first=Angus|title=Rapid Sequence Intubation - A guide for assistants|url=http://www.scottishintensivecare.org.uk/education/RSI%20brochure.pdf|work=Scottish Intensive Care Society Education|publisher=NHS - Education for Scotland|access-date=31 March 2013}}</ref>
===Medications that may be administrated by the endotracheal tube===
'''LEAN/NEAL'''
'''L'''idocaine hydrochloride
'''E'''pinephrine
'''A'''tropine Sulfate
'''N'''aloxone hydrochloride<ref>{{cite web|last=Raehl|first=CL|title=Endotracheal drug therapy in cardiopulmonary resuscitation
|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3527527/|work=NIH|publisher= NIH - National Library of Medicine |access-date=12 March 2024}}</ref>
===Pentad of TTP===
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'''D'''iscoid rash however, not in order of diagnostic importance.
=== Causes of [[carpal tunnel syndrome]] ===
'''MEDIAN TRAP'''<ref name=":1" />
* '''M'''yxoedema
* '''E'''dema (heart failure, OCP, pre-menstrual)
* '''D'''iabetes mellitus
* '''I'''diopathic
* '''A'''cromegaly
* '''N'''eoplasia
* '''T'''rauma
* '''R'''heumatoid arthritis
* '''A'''myloidosis
* '''P'''regnancy
=== [[Carpal tunnel syndrome#Treatment|Carpal tunnel syndrome management]] ===
'''WRIST'''<ref name=":1" />
* '''W'''ear splint at night
* '''R'''est
* '''I'''nject steroids
* '''S'''urgical decompression
* '''T'''ake diuretics
==References==
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==Further reading==
* {{citation |title=Mnemonics for Medical Undergraduates |isbn=1904627889 |author1=Shahed Yousaf |author2=Mubeen Chaudhry |year=2006|publisher=PasTest }}.
* {{citation |title=Mnemonics and Study Tips for Medical Students |isbn=978-0340957479 |first=Khalid |last=Khan |year=2008|publisher=CRC Press }}.
* {{citation |title=Science & Math Rhymes 2 Help U |isbn=978-0-615-89569-7 |first=Alan |last=Beech |year=2013|publisher=Alan Beech }}.
* [http://epomedicine.com/medical-mnemonics/ Epomedicine Medical Mnemonics]
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