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{{coord|39|17.9|N|76|37|W|type:city(4500)_scale:5000_region:US|display=title}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
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| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| coordinates = {{coord|39|17.9|N|76|37|W|type:city(4500)_scale:5000_region:US|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
| subdivision_name = [[United States]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. states|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maryland]]
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| utc_offset1_DST =
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code = 21201, 21202<ref>{{cite map|author=MARYLANDMaryland DEPARTMENTDepartment OFof PLANNINGPlanning PLANNINGPlanning SERVICESServices DIVISIONDivision|title=BALTIMOREBaltimore CITYCity, MD 2017 ZIPZip CODECode AREASareas|URL=https://planning.maryland.gov/MSDC/Documents/zipcode_map/2017/BACIZC17.pdf}} </ref>
| area_code_type = [[Area code]]
| area_code = [[Area codes 410, 443, and 667|410, 443, and 667]]
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| name = Mount Vernon Place Historic District
| embed = yes
| nrhp_type = nhld
| designated_nrhp_type = November 11, 1971<ref>{{cite web | url=https://catalog.archives.gov/id/106775892 | title=National Archives NextGen Catalog }}</ref>
| nocat = yes
| architect = [[Robert Mills (architect)|Robert Mills]] and others
| added = November 11, 1971
| refnum = 71001037<ref name="nris">{{NRISref |refnum=71001037|version=2010a}}</ref>
| designated_other1 = Baltimore City Landmark
| designated_other1_abbr = BCL
| designated_other1_date = 1975
}}
}}
'''Mount Vernon''' is a [[neighborhood]] of [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], located immediately north of the city's [[Downtown Baltimore|downtown district]]. Designated a city Cultural District, itIt is onenamed offor the[[George oldest neighborhoods originally home to the cityWashington]]'s wealthiest and most fashionable families. The name derives from [[Mount Vernon]], theestate home ofin [[George WashingtonVirginia]], givenas the site of the city's [[Washington Monument (Baltimore)|the original Washington Monument]], a massive pillar commenced in 1815 to commemorate the first president of the [[United States]], is the defining feature of the neighborhood.
 
== Overview ==
The Baltimore City Planning Commission defines the neighborhood as being bound by [[Eager Street]] to the Northnorth, Thethe [[Interstate 83|Jones Falls Expressway]] (JFX) to the east, [[Franklin Street (Baltimore)|Franklin Street]] to the Southsouth, and [[Eutaw Street]] to the Westwest. The Commission[[Mid-Town alsoBelvedere, considersBaltimore|Mid-Town theBelvedere]] northernneighborhood, sectionnamed to befor the ''Midtown-Belvedere'' neighborhood after the Belvidere estate of [[John Eager Howard]], thelies [[Americanimmediately Revolutionaryto War|Revolutionarythe War]]north, patriot.and the Thetwo [[Innerare Harbor]]sometimes isconsidered aboutto halfbe aone mile south of Centre Streetneighborhood.
 
Being close to downtown, Mount Vernon is well-served by public transit. Many area major bus routes head through the neighborhood on their way to the financial district including the Purple Line of Charm City Circulator which runs through Mt. Vernon northbound on Charles Street and southbound on St. Paul Street. The [[Baltimore Light RailRailLink|Light RailRailLink]] line runs along [[Howard Street (Baltimore)|Howard Street]] on the westwestern edgeside of theMount neighborhoodVernon, and the [[Baltimore Metro Subway|Metro Subway]] runs beneath Eutaw Street a block west of that; both have stations within easy walking distance of the neighborhood. [[Pennsylvania Station (Baltimore)|Penn Station]], served by [[Amtrak]] and [[MARC Train|MARC]] commuter rail, is also one block to thelocated north pastof Mount Royal Avenue and over theMid-Town JFXBelvedere.
 
[[Image:Mt Vernon UMC.png|150px|right|thumb|[[Mount Vernon Place United Methodist Church and Asbury House|Mt Vernon Place UMC]]]]
 
Although mainly residential, Mount Vernon-Belvedere is home to a mix of institutions, including the [[Peabody Conservatory]] of the [[Johns Hopkins University]], [[Walters Art Museum]], [[University of Baltimore]], [[Maryland HistoricalCenter Society]],for [[ContemporaryHistory Museum Baltimore|Theand ContemporaryCulture]], [[Maryland Institute College of Art]], [[Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall]], [[Baltimore School for the Arts]], [[Lyric Opera House]], [[Center Stage (theater)|Center Stage]], [[Enochthe PrattCentral FreeBranch Library|of the [[Enoch Pratt Free Library Central Branch]], Spotlighters Theatre, the Eubie Blake National Jazz Institute, and formerly the [[Peabody Bookshop and Beer Stube]] (demolished 1997).
 
During the 1970s, Mount Vernon beganbecame toBaltimore's form into amain [[gay village]]. for Baltimore with the establishment of theThe Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Baltimore (GLCCB) in 1977, now known as the [[Pride Center of Maryland]], was established in Mount Vernon in 1977.<ref name="glccb.org">{{cite web |title=Our urlHistory |url= http://www.glccb.org/about-us/our-history | title url-status= Our Historydead | work access-date=12 TheApril GLCCB2018 | publisher = The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Community Center of Baltimore and Central Maryland | accessarchive-date = 1213 April 2018}}< |archive-url=https://ref> [[LGBT]] milestones included the first [[Pride parade]] in 1975, and the creation of the GLCCB Health Clinic in 1980web.archive.org/web/20180413124604/http://www.<ref name="glccb.org"/our-history/}}</ref>▼
In the decades after [[World War II]], the neighborhood has also become home to many professional service providers, including medical and legal offices, publishing firms, architectural firms, insurance and financial institutions, and fund managers. Art galleries, retail stores, hotels, and bed and breakfasts (B&Bs) also populate the neighborhood, and Mount Vernon has a rich nightlife, with a variety of restaurants, cafes, and bars located along N Charles Street and throughout the neighborhood.
 
▲During the 1970s, Mount Vernon began to form into a [[gay village]] for Baltimore with the establishment of the Gay and Lesbian Community Center of Baltimore (GLCCB) in 1977, now known as the [[Pride Center of Maryland]].<ref name="glccb.org">{{cite web | url = http://www.glccb.org/about-us/our-history | title = Our History | work = The GLCCB | publisher = The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Community Center of Baltimore and Central Maryland | access-date = 12 April 2018}}</ref> [[LGBT]] milestones included the first [[Pride parade]] in 1975, and the creation of the GLCCB Health Clinic in 1980.<ref name="glccb.org"/>
 
== Architectural history ==
The centerpiece of the Mount Vernon neighborhood, the cruciform arrangement of parks surrounding the Washington monumentMonument, represents one of the nation's first examples of city planning for the express purpose of highlighting a monument. The [[Washington Monument (Baltimore)|Washington Monument]] was completed in 1829 to a design by [[Robert Mills (architect)|Robert Mills]], and in 1831 the Howard family was granted permission to lay out the surrounding parks<ref name="mht_ihp"/> which eventually were lined by stately homes. The parks, which have survived almost intact, are considered to be the finest existing urban landscapes by the Beaux-Arts architectural firm of [[CarrereCarrère &and Hastings]], who also designed the [[New York Public Library Main Branch|New York Public Library]], portions of the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C., and the residence that houses the [[Frick Collection]].
 
Elsewhere in the neighborhood are many older apartment buildings and three and four-story [[Terraced house|row housesrowhouses]] which were originally single-family dwellings, though many have been broken up into multiple apartments a growing number are being restored back to single family use. The historic beaux-arts [[Belvedere Hotel]], opened in 1903, was converted to condominiums in 1991.<ref name="mht_ihp">{{cite web|url=https://mht.maryland.gov/secure/medusa/PDF/NR_PDFs/NR-63.pdf |title=National Register of Historic Places Registration: Mt. Vernon Place Historic District |date=February 1972|access-date=2016-03-01 |first=Mrs. Preston | last = Parish|publisher=Maryland Historical Trust}} |url-status=dead See|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407102006/https://mht.maryland.gov/secure/medusa/PDF/NR_PDFs/NR-63.pdf included|archive-date=Apr map7, 2016 |at=Map of district aton page 24}} of PDF document.</ref>{{Failed verification|date=June 2024}}▼
 
OnThe the[[Mount northeastVernon cornerPlace ofUnited Washington'sMethodist monumentChurch sitsand theAsbury House|Mount Vernon Place United Methodist Church.]] lies northeast of the Washington Monument. Conceived as a cathedral of [[Methodism]], it was built on the site of the Charles Howard mansion –, the house in which [[Francis Scott Key]] died. In 2021, the church's owners sought planning permission to subdivide the building, separating the church from the adjacent Asbury House.<ref>{{cite web |title=Judge reverses Planning Commission decision granting subdivision of Mount Vernon church |url=https://baltimorefishbowl.com/stories/judge-reverses-planning-commission-decision-granting-subdivision-of-mount-vernon-church/ |website=Baltimore Fishbowl |date=20 August 2021 |access-date=21 August 2021 |first=Ed |last=Gunts}}</ref> The southeast corner from the monument is occupied entirely by buildings comprising the Peabody Institute, and the southwest corner includes three buildings forming thepart [[Waltersof Artthe Museum|Walters Art Museum.]]▼
 
The former [[The Stafford Apartments|The Stafford Hotel]], builtHotel inon MountWashington VernonPlace, built in 1894, now serves as an apartment building primarily forhousing students at [[Johns Hopkins University]]-[[Peabody Institute|Peabody]] students.<ref name="jhu.edu">{{cite news|url=http://www.jhu.edu/~gazette/2004/19jul04/19vernon.html|title=Mt. Vernon: 96 Apts, Peabody View|first=Greg | last = Rienzi|date=July 19, 2004|work=The Gazette|publisher=Johns Hopkins University}}</ref>▼
 
The old [[Mount Vernon Hotel Museum|Mountat Vernon702 Hotel]]Cathedral Street, built in 1847, was the mansion home of U.S. Congressman [[William Albert|William Julian Albert]] (1816–1879) where he entertained [[Abraham Lincoln]]. Later the houseIt was converted into a hotel (1867)in 1967, and was where [[Oscar Wilde]] stayed as part of his 1882 lecture tour of America.the The building is extant at 702 Cathedral Street, in theUnited districtStates.<ref name="balto5">{{cite web | url=http://www.oscarwildeinamerica.org/lectures-1882/january/0126-baltimore.html | title=Oscar Wilde's 1882 Lecture Tour of America | work = Oscar Wilde in America | publisher = John Cooper | date = 2013 }}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=June 2024}}▼
 
The Mount Vernon Place Historic District, surrounding the Washington Monument, was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] and further designated as a [[National Historic Landmark District]] on November 11, 1971.<ref name="nris"/><ref name="mht_ihp"/>
▲Elsewhere in the neighborhood are many older apartment buildings and three and four-story [[Terraced house|row houses]] which were originally single-family dwellings, though many have been broken up into multiple apartments a growing number are being restored back to single family use. The historic beaux-arts [[Belvedere Hotel]], opened in 1903, was converted to condominiums in 1991.<ref name="mht_ihp">{{cite web|url=https://mht.maryland.gov/secure/medusa/PDF/NR_PDFs/NR-63.pdf |title=National Register of Historic Places Registration: Mt. Vernon Place Historic District |date=February 1972|access-date=2016-03-01 |first=Mrs. Preston | last = Parish|publisher=Maryland Historical Trust}} See included map of district at page 24 of PDF document.</ref>
 
Selected parcels with the National Historic Landmark District have been designated [[Baltimore City Landmarks]], including:
▲On the northeast corner of Washington's monument sits the Mount Vernon Place United Methodist Church. Conceived as a cathedral of Methodism, it was built on the site of the Charles Howard mansion – the house in which [[Francis Scott Key]] died. In 2021, the church's owners sought planning permission to subdivide the building, separating the church from the adjacent Asbury House.<ref>{{cite web |title=Judge reverses Planning Commission decision granting subdivision of Mount Vernon church |url=https://baltimorefishbowl.com/stories/judge-reverses-planning-commission-decision-granting-subdivision-of-mount-vernon-church/ |website=Baltimore Fishbowl |date=20 August 2021 |access-date=21 August 2021}}</ref> The southeast corner from the monument is occupied entirely by buildings comprising the Peabody Institute, and the southwest corner includes three buildings forming the [[Walters Art Museum|Walters Art Museum.]]
*Washington Monument and Mount Vernon Place (defined as the city square of the monument and the cruciform-shaped area of parks radiating north, south, east and west)<ref name=BCL-list-2012>{{cite report|type=none|url=https://chap.baltimorecity.gov/sites/default/files/Baltimore%20City%20Landmarks%20publication.pdf |title=Baltimore City's Designated Landmark List |date=July 2012 |publisher=[[City of Baltimore]] |author=Commission for Historical and Architectural Preservation |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref>
*Peabody Institute, 1-21 E. Mount Vernon Place<ref name=BCL-list-2012/>
*Thomas-Jencks-Gladding House, 1 W. Mount Vernon Place<ref name=BCL-list-2012/>
*George Howard House, 8 E. Madison Street
 
The National Historic Landmark District also includes:
▲[[The Stafford Apartments|The Stafford Hotel]], built in Mount Vernon in 1894, now serves as an apartment building primarily for students at [[Johns Hopkins University]]-[[Peabody Institute|Peabody]].<ref name="jhu.edu">{{cite news|url=http://www.jhu.edu/~gazette/2004/19jul04/19vernon.html|title=Mt. Vernon: 96 Apts, Peabody View|first=Greg | last = Rienzi|date=July 19, 2004|work=The Gazette|publisher=Johns Hopkins University}}</ref>
*Mount Vernon Place United Methodist Church and Asbury House, individually NRHP-listed
*[[Stafford Hotel]]
 
The Mount Vernon neighborhood also includes:
▲The old [[Mount Vernon Hotel Museum|Mount Vernon Hotel]], built in 1847, was the mansion home of U.S. Congressman [[William Albert|William Julian Albert]] (1816–1879) where he entertained [[Abraham Lincoln]]. Later the house was converted into a hotel (1867) and was where [[Oscar Wilde]] stayed as part of his 1882 lecture tour of America. The building is extant at 702 Cathedral Street, in the district.<ref name="balto5">{{cite web | url=http://www.oscarwildeinamerica.org/lectures-1882/january/0126-baltimore.html | title=Oscar Wilde's 1882 Lecture Tour of America | work = Oscar Wilde in America | publisher = John Cooper | date = 2013 }}</ref>
*[[First Unitarian Church (Baltimore, Maryland)|First Unitarian Church]], NRHP-listed, NHL, BCL
 
The '''entire Mount Vernon Place Historic District''', a defined portion of the neighborhood, about 1.5 to 2 blocks north, south, east, and west of the Washington Monument, was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] and further designated as a [[National Historic Landmark District]] on November 11, 1971, for its significance in architecture and landscape planning.<ref name="nris"/><ref name="mht_ihp"/> It is included within the [[Baltimore National Heritage Area]].,<ref name="balto1">{{cite web | url=http://www.baltimorecity.gov/Portals/0/agencies/heritage/public%20downloads/neighborhoods_heritageareas.pdf | title=Baltimore National Heritage Area Map | publisher=City of Baltimore | date = June 2010 | access-date=March 11, 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522024255/http://www.baltimorecity.gov/Portals/0/agencies/heritage/public%20downloads/neighborhoods_heritageareas.pdf | archive-date=May 22, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.explorebaltimore.org/page/bnha-boundary-map |title=BNHA Boundary Map |access-date=October 2, 2022}}</ref> which was established in 2009.
 
==Demographics==
As of the [[census]] of 2000,<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|access-date=January 31, 2008|work=[[United States Census Bureau]] | title = Community Facts}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=April 2018}}{{Needs update|date=October 2023|reason=outdated census}} there were 4,520 people living in the neighborhood. The racial makeup of Mount Vernon was 55.3% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 33.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 7.4% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.2% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.3% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.1% of the population.
 
60.4% of the population were employed, 3.5% were unemployed, and 36.0% were not in the labor force, alargely reflectiondue into partthe of thelarge student population. The median household income was $21,225. About 15.2% of families and 26.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]].<ref name="GR2" />
 
5.6% of occupied housing units were owner-occupied. 10.2% of housing units were [[vacant]].<ref name="GR2" />
 
==Education==
Public schools are operated by the [[Baltimore City Public School System]]. This includes theThe [[Baltimore School for the Arts]] is located on Cathedral AvenueStreet in Mount Vernon.
 
In 2010, the [[Baltimore Leadership School for Young Women]] (BLSYW), a [[charter school|charter]] secondary school for girls, moved into its permanent campus, the former headquarters of the Greater Baltimore [[Young Women's Christian Association]] (YWCA) in Mount Vernon., Thebecoming BLSYW was theits first newly establishednew public school in that area in three decades.<ref name=GreenMoves>{{cite web|last=Green | first = Erica L.|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-09-29/news/bs-ci-baltimore-leadership-school-20100928_1_baltimore-leadership-school-school-moves-middle-school|title=All-girls' school moves into former YWCA building|work=[[Baltimore Sun]]|date=September 28, 2010|access-date=March 8, 2017}}</ref>
 
== See also ==
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[[Category:Baltimore National Heritage Area]]
[[Category:Baltimore City Landmarks]]
[[Category:Mount Vernon Place Historic District| ]]
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