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{{Infobox book
| name = The Moomins
| title_orig = {{lang|sv|Mumintrollen}}
| translator = To English: Elizabeth Portch, Thomas Warburton, Kingsley Hart, Ant O'Neill
| image = Moomin kuva.JPG
| caption = The Moomins, comic book cover by Tove Jansson. From left to right: Sniff, Snufkin, Moominpappa, Moominmamma, Moomintroll (Moomin), the Mymble's daughter, Groke, Snork Maiden and Hattifatteners
| author = [[Tove Jansson]]
| illustrator = Tove Jansson
| cover_artist =
| country = [[Finland]]
| language = [[Finland Swedish]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Meek |first=Margaret |title=Children's Literature and National Identity|publisher = Trentham Books |year=2001 |location=[[Stoke-on-Trent]] |page=4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pv1mmwjnWXMC&pg=PA4 |isbn=978-1-85856-204-9}}</ref>
| series =
| subject =
| genre = Children's fantasy
| publisher = [[Drawn & Quarterly]], [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]], [[Farrar, Straus and Giroux]], [[Schildts]], Zangavar, [[Sort of Books]]
| pub_date =
| english_pub_date =
| media_type = Print, digital
| pages =
| isbn =
| oclc =
| dewey =
| congress =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| website = {{url|www.moomin.com/en}}
}}
The '''Moomins''' ({{lang-sv|Mumintrollen}}, {{IPA|sv|ˈmɵmiːnˌtrɔlːən|pron}}) are the central characters in a series of [[novel]]s, short stories, [[picture book]]s, and a [[comic strip]] by [[Swedish-speaking population of Finland|Swedish-speaking Finnish]] writer and illustrator [[Tove Jansson]], originally published in [[Swedish language|Swedish]] by [[Schildts]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://schildts.asiakkaat.sigmatic.fi/mumin.html |title=Mumin | Schildts Förlags Ab |website=Schildts.asiakkaat.sigmatic.fi |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230719/http://schildts.asiakkaat.sigmatic.fi/mumin.html |archive-date=2016-03-03 }}</ref> in Finland. They are a family of white, round fairy-tale characters with large snouts that make them resemble the [[hippopotamus]]. However, despite this resemblance, the Moomin family are [[troll]]s. The family live in their house in [[Moominvalley]].
In all, [[#List of books|nine books]] were released in the series, together with five picture books and a [[Moomin comic strips|comic strip]], between 1945 and 1993.
The Moomins have inspired [[#TV series and films|numerous television series]], films, and two theme parks: [[Moomin World]] in [[Naantali]], [[Finland]], and Akebono Children's Forest Park in [[Hannō, Saitama]], [[Japan]].
== Etymology ==
There are two different stories of how the term ''moomintroll'' was invented.
On one occasion, Jansson explained that the term ''mumintroll'' was originally coined during her childhood by her uncle: to deter the young Jansson from taking food from his pentry, the uncle told her that the it was inhabited by "cold moomintrolls", which would come out of the corners and rub their noses against Jansson if she came to steal food. The mysterious creatures would then follow Jansson as she grew up.<ref name="Hufvudstadsbladet_2017">Bruun S. [https://www.hbl.fi/artikel/hbl-serie-del-3-mumintrollet-fanns-i-morbrors-kok/ "HBL-serie del 3: Mumintrollet fanns i morbrors kök"]. ''Hufvudstadsbladet'' 15/1/2017 (in Swedish)</ref>
In a letter to [[Paul Ariste]], an Estonian linguist, Jansson wrote in 1973 that she had created the word moomintroll to expresses something soft: She came up with an [[ad hoc]] Swedish word {{Lang|sv|mumintroll}}, because, in her opinion, the consonant sound of [[voiced bilabial nasal|''m'']] in particular [[Sound symbolism|conveys a sensation of softness]]. As an artist, Jansson gave the Moomins a shape that also expresses softness, as opposed to flabbiness.<ref>[[Paul Ariste|Ariste, Paul]]. 1975l "Uusi sõeliseid." In ''Sõnasõel'' 3, p. 11. Tartu: Tartu Riiklik Ülikool.</ref>
== Synopsis and characters ==
{{See also|List of Moomin characters}}
[[File:Moomin toys.jpg|thumb|Finnish Moomin toys from the 1950s]]
[[File:Edward the Booble, Moominworld.jpg|thumb|right|[[Edward the Booble]] and the bathing hut, at [[Moominworld]]]]
The Moomin stories concern several eccentric and oddly-shaped characters, some of whom are related to each other. The central family consists of [[Moominpappa]], [[Moominmamma]] and [[Moomintroll]].<ref>{{cite journal|last = Brown|first = Ulla|date = November 2004|title = A Quest for What Lies Hidden|journal = Outwrite|volume = 7|pages = 8–12|url = http://cambridge-psychotherapy.org.uk/outwrite/Outwrite_7.pdf#page=10|access-date = 2009-02-15|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170510064759/http://cambridge-psychotherapy.org.uk/outwrite/Outwrite_7.pdf#page=10|archive-date = 2017-05-10}}</ref>
Other characters, such as [[The Hemulen|Hemulens]], [[Sniff (Moomin character)|Sniff]], [[Snork Maiden|the Snork Maiden]], [[Snufkin]] and [[Little My]] are accepted into or attach themselves to the family group from time to time, generally living separate lives in the surrounding [[Moominvalley]], where the series is set, and in which the Moomin family decides to live at the end of ''The Moomins and the Great Flood''.
=== Characters ===
* '''[[Moomintroll]]''', also referred to as "Moomin" in some of the English translations: The main [[protagonist]], the little boy of the family, interested in and excited about everything he sees and finds, always trying to be good, but sometimes getting into trouble while doing so; he always tries to be brave and find a way to make his friends happy.
* '''[[Moominpappa]]''': Orphaned in his younger years, he is a somewhat restless soul who left the orphanage to venture out into the world in his youth but has now settled down, determined to be a responsible father to his family.
* '''[[Moominmamma]]''': The calm mother, who takes care that Moominhouse is a safe place to be. She wants everyone to be happy, appreciates individuality, but settles things when someone is wronged. She always brings good food as well as whatever else may be necessary on a journey in her handbag.
* '''[[Little My]]''': A mischievous little girl, who lives in the Moomin house and has a cynical spunky personality. She likes adventure and loves catastrophes; she sometimes does mean things on purpose. She finds messiness and untidiness exciting and is very down to earth, especially when others are not.
* '''[[Sniff (Moomin character)|Sniff]]''': A creature who lives in the Moomin house. He likes to take part in everything, but is afraid to do anything dangerous. Sniff appreciates all valuables and makes many plans to get rich, but does not succeed.
* '''[[Snork Maiden]]''': Moomin's friend. She is happy and energetic, but often suddenly changes her mind on things. She loves nice clothes and jewelry and is a little flirtatious. She thinks of herself as Moomin's girlfriend.
* '''[[Snufkin]]''': Moomin's best friend. The lonesome philosophical traveller, who likes to play the harmonica and wander the world with only a few possessions, so as not to make his life complicated. He comes and goes as he pleases, is carefree and has many admirers in Moominvalley. He is also fearless and calm in even the most dire situations, which has proven to be a great help to Moomintroll and the others when in danger.
* The '''[[The Mymbles|Mymble]]''', also referred to as "'''the Mymble's daughter'''": Little My's amiable and helpful big sister, and half-sister of Snufkin. She often has romantic daydreams about the loves of her life, particularly policemen.
* The '''[[Snork (Moomin character)|Snork]]''': Snorkmaiden's brother. He is an introvert by nature and is always inventing things. The residents of Moominvalley often ask Snork for help solving tricky problems and building machines. Snorks are like moomintrolls, but change colour according to their mood.
* '''[[Too-Ticky]]''': A wise woman, and good friend of the family. She has a boyish look, with a blue hat and a red-striped shirt. She dives straight into action to solve dilemmas in a practical way. Too-Ticky is the one of the people in Moominvalley who does not hibernate, instead spending the winter in the small changing shed and storehouse over the water at the end of the Moomin's summer landing stage.
* '''[[List_of_Moomin_characters#Stinky|Stinky]]''': A small furry creature that always plays jokes on the family in the house, where he sometimes lives. He likes pinching things, is proud of his reputation as a crook, but always gets found out. He is simple and only thinks of himself.
=== Biographical interpretation ===
[[File:Tove Jansson 1956.jpg|thumb|[[Tove Jansson]] with Moomin dolls]]
Critics have interpreted various Moomin characters as being inspired by real people, especially members of the author's family, and Tove Jansson spoke in interviews about the backgrounds of, and possible models for, her characters.<ref name=biografiakeskus>{{cite web|last = Ahola|first = Suvi|others = Fletcher, Roderick (trans.)|title = Jansson, Tove (1914–2001)|work = Biografiakeskus|publisher = [[Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura]]|year = 2008|url = http://www.kansallisbiografia.fi/english/?id=1395|access-date = 4 February 2009|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090131173912/http://www.kansallisbiografia.fi/english/?id=1395|archive-date = 31 January 2009}}</ref> The first two books about the Moomins (''[[The Moomins and the Great Flood]]'' and ''[[Comet in Moominland]]'') were published in 1945 and 1946 respectively, and deal with natural disasters; they were influenced by the upheavals of war and Jansson's depression during the war years.<ref name="love war moomins" /> The reception of the first two Moomin books was lukewarm at first; the second book got a little more attention than its predecessor, but its sales figures were still poor.<ref>{{cite book | last = Tolvanen | first = Juhani | title = Muumisisarukset Tove ja Lars Jansson: Muumipeikko-sarjakuvan tarina | page = 29 | publisher = WSOY | year = 2000 | language = fi}}</ref> The third book, ''[[Finn Family Moomintroll]]'', which was the first Moomin book translated into English, became the first international bestseller.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moomin.com/en/blog/introduction-to-moomin-stories-finn-family-moomintroll-1948/#97ba13e8|title=Introduction to Moomin stories: Finn Family Moomintroll, 1948|website=Moomin.com|date=30 November 2015 |access-date=4 March 2023}}</ref>
Tove Jansson's life partner was the graphic artist [[Tuulikki Pietilä]], whose personality inspired the character Too-Ticky in ''[[Moominland Midwinter]]''.<ref name=biografiakeskus/><ref name=Liukkonen>{{cite web|url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/tjansson.htm |title=Tove (Marika) Jansson |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=[[Kuusankoski]] Public Library |location=Finland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916102623/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/tjansson.htm |archive-date=16 September 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Moomintroll and [[Little My]] have been seen as psychological [[self-portrait]]s of the artist.<ref name=biografiakeskus/><ref name=Liukkonen/> The Moomins, generally speaking, relate strongly to Jansson's own family – they were [[Bohemianism|bohemian]], lived close to nature and were very tolerant towards [[Diversity (politics)|diversity]].<ref name=biografiakeskus/><ref name=Liukkonen/><ref name=Rahunen>{{cite journal|first = Suvi|last = Rahunen|title = Om Översättning Av Kulturbunda Element Från Svenska Till Finska Och Franska I Två Muminböcker Av Tove Jansson|publisher = [[University of Jyväskylä]]|date = Spring 2007|url = http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-2007235|format = PDF|access-date = 28 October 2014}}</ref> Moominpappa and Moominmamma are often seen as portraits of Jansson's parents [[Viktor Jansson]] and [[Signe Hammarsten-Jansson]].<ref name=biografiakeskus/><ref name=Liukkonen/><ref name=Rahunen/> Most of Jansson's characters are on the verge of [[wikt:melancholy|melancholy]], such as the always formal [[The Hemulen|Hemulen]], or the strange [[Hattifattener]]s, who travel in concerted, ominous groups. Jansson uses the differences between the characters' philosophies to provide a venue for her satirical impulses.<ref>{{cite web |author=Philip Nel |url=http://www.english.ufl.edu/imagetext/archives/v3_3/nel |title=Moomin: The Complete Tove Jansson Comic Strip. Vol. 1 by Tove Jansson |website=English.ufl.edu |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413155618/http://www.english.ufl.edu/imagetext/archives/v3_3/nel/ |archive-date=2016-04-13 }}</ref>
== List of books ==
[[File:Muumimuseon lukukirjasto.jpg|right|thumb|The Moomin books and Tove Jansson's biographies at the [[Moomin Museum]] in [[Tampere]], [[Finland]]]]
The books in the series, in order, are:
# ''[[Comet in Moominland]]'' (Originally: ''Kometjakten''/''Kometen kommer'') – 1946.
# ''[[Finn Family Moomintroll]]'', Some editions: ''The Happy Moomins'' –(Originally: ''Trollkarlens hatt'') – 1948.
# ''[[The Exploits of Moominpappa]]'', Some editions: ''Moominpappa's Memoirs'' (Originally: ''Muminpappans bravader''/''Muminpappans memoarer)'' – 1950.
# ''[[Tales from Moominvalley]]'' (Originally: ''Det osynliga barnet'') – 1962 (Short stories).
# ''[[Moominpappa at Sea]]'' (Originally: ''Pappan och havet'') – 1965.
# ''[[Moominvalley in November]]'' (Originally: ''Sent i november'') – 1970 (In which the Moomin family is absent).
All of the books in the main series except ''The Moomins and the Great Flood'' (Originally: ''Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen'') were translated and published in English between 1951 and 1971. This first book was eventually translated into English in 2005 by David McDuff and published by [[Schildts]] of Finland for the 60th anniversary of the series. A later 2012 version of the same translation, featuring Jansson's new preface to the 1991 Scandinavian printing, was published in Britain by [[Sort of Books]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sortof.co.uk/authors/tove-jansson/ |title=Tove Jansson | Sort of books |website=Sortof.co.uk |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406200652/http://sortof.co.uk/authors/tove-jansson/ |archive-date=2016-04-06 }}</ref> and was more widely distributed.
There are also five Moomin picture books by Tove Jansson:
# ''[[The Book about Moomin, Mymble and Little My]]'' (Originally: ''Hur gick det sen?'') – 1952.
# ''[[Who Will Comfort Toffle?]]'' (Originally: ''Vem ska trösta knyttet?'') – 1960.
# ''[[The Dangerous Journey]]'' (Originally: ''Den farliga resan'') – 1977.
# ''[[Skurken i Muminhuset]]'' (English: ''Villain in the Moominhouse'') – 1980
# ''[[Visor från Mumindalen]]'' (English: ''Songs from Moominvalley'') – 1993 (No English translation published).
The first official translation of ''Villain in the Moominhouse'' by Tove Jansson historian Ant O'Neill was premiered in a reading at the ArchWay With Words literary festival on 25 September 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archwaywithwords.com// |title=ArchWay With Words |website=ArchWayWithWords.co.uk |access-date=2017-09-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905230842/http://www.archwaywithwords.com/ |archive-date=2017-09-05 }}</ref>
The books and comic strips have been translated from their original Swedish and English respectively into many languages. ''[[The Book about Moomin, Mymble and Little My]]'' is the first Moomin book to be adapted for [[iPad]].
==Comic strips==
{{main|Moomin comic strips}}
The Moomins also appeared in the form of [[comic strip]]s. Their first appearance was in 1947 in the children's section of the ''[[Ny Tid (Finland)|Ny Tid]]'' newspaper,<ref>Marten, Peter. & Panzar, Katja (ed.). ''Starting a Great Adventure''. [[Blue Wings]] Magazine. Nov. 2007.</ref> and they were introduced internationally to English readers in 1954 in the popular [[London]] newspaper ''[[Evening News (London)|The Evening News]]''.<ref name=NyTid/><ref name=DnQ>{{cite web | url=http://www.drawnandquarterly.com/newsList.php?item=a43cd3af3e53ad | title=D+Q to publish 'Moomin: the complete Tove Jasson comic strip' | publisher=[[Drawn & Quarterly]] | access-date=4 February 2009 | date=19 January 2006 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080627143603/http://www.drawnandquarterly.com/newsList.php?item=a43cd3af3e53ad | archive-date=27 June 2008 }}</ref> [[Tove Jansson]] drew and wrote all the strips until 1959. She shared the work load with her brother [[Lars Jansson (cartoonist)|Lars Jansson]] until 1961; after that he took over the job until 1975 when the last strip was released.<ref>{{cite journal|first = Soile|last = Räihä|title = Tove Jansson, The Moomin Business and Finnish Children|publisher = [[University of Tampere]]|date = Autumn 2005|url = http://www.uta.fi/FAST/FIN/CULT/sr-moom.html|access-date = 4 February 2009|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081229184609/http://www.uta.fi/FAST/FIN/CULT/sr-moom.html|archive-date = 29 December 2008}}</ref>
[[Drawn & Quarterly]], a Canadian [[graphic novel]] publisher, released reprints of all ''The Evening News'' strips created by both Tove and Lars Jansson beginning in October 2006.<ref>Moomin: The Complete Tove Comic Strip [Drawn & Quarterly, Montreal]. {{ISBN|1-894937-80-5}} (Vol. 1)</ref> The first five volumes, ''Moomin: The Complete Tove Jansson Comic Strip'' have been published, whilst the sixth volume, published in May 2011, began ''Moomin: The Complete Lars Jansson Comic Strip''. The 2015 publication ''Moomin: The Deluxe Anniversary Edition'' collected all of Tove's work.
In the 1990s, a comic book version of Moomin was produced in Scandinavia after Dennis Livson and Lars Jansson's [[Moomin (1990 TV series)|animated series]] was shown on television. Neither Tove nor Lars Jansson had any involvement in these comic books; however, in the wake of the series, two new Moomin comic strips were launched under the artistic and content oversight of Lars and his daughter, [[Sophia Jansson-Zambra]]. Sophia now provides sole oversight for the strips.<ref name=NyTid>{{cite web|url=http://www.nytid.fi/arkiv/artikelnt-684-1577.html |title=När Mumin Erövrade Världen |publisher=[[Ny Tid (Finland)|Ny Tid]] |access-date=4 February 2009 |date=1 December 2000 |language=sv |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927073203/http://www.nytid.fi/arkiv/artikelnt-684-1577.html |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>
==TV series and films==
[[File:The Moomins (TV series).jpg|thumb|right|Moominpappa and Moominmamma in the [[The Moomins (TV series)|1978–82 Polish-Austrian series]].]]
The story of the Moomins has been made into television series on many occasions by various groups, possibly the most well known of which is a [[Japan]]ese–[[Netherlands|Dutch]] collaboration, that has also produced a [[Comet in Moominland (film)|feature-length film]]. However, there are also two Soviet serials, [[stop motion|puppet animation]] ''Mumi-troll'' (''Moomintroll'') and [[cutout animation]] ''Shlyapa Volshebnika'' (''Magician's Hat'') of three parts each, and the [[Poland|Polish]]–[[Austria]]n puppet animation [[Television program|TV series]], ''[[The Moomins (TV series)|The Moomins]]'', which was broadcast and became popular in an edited form in the United Kingdom in the 1980s.
Two feature films re-use the footage of the Polish-Austrian series: ''Moomin and Midsummer Madness'' had its release in 2008, and in 2010 the Moomins appear in the first Nordic [[3-D film]] production, with the title song by [[Björk]], in ''[[Moomins and the Comet Chase]]''. The animated film titled ''[[Moomins on the Riviera]]'' is based on [[Moomin comic strips|Moomin]] comic strip story ''Moomin on the Riviera'' and was first released on 10 October 2014 in Finland<ref name=Nordiskfilm>{{cite news|title=Glamour on koitua Muumien kohtaloksi Rivieralla|url=http://www.nordiskfilm.fi/valkokangas/uutinen.php?id=847#.U7KpQPl_vQg|access-date=1 July 2014|newspaper=Nordiskfilm.fi|date=29 May 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016130244/http://www.nordiskfilm.fi/valkokangas/uutinen.php?id=847#.U7KpQPl_vQg|archive-date=16 October 2014}}{{in lang|fi}}</ref> and made its premiere on 11 October 2014 at [[BFI London Film Festival]] in United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite news|title=The 58th BFI London Film Festival in partnership with American Express® announces full 2014 programme|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/announcements/58th-bfi-london-film-festival-partnership-american-express|access-date=8 September 2014|date=4 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908230932/http://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/announcements/58th-bfi-london-film-festival-partnership-american-express|archive-date=8 September 2014}}</ref> In an October 2014 blog article at ''[[Screendaily]]'', [[Sophia Jansson]] states that the film's "artistic team has made an effort to be true to the original drawings and the original text".<ref>{{cite news|last=Mitchell|first=Wendy|title=A new adventure for the Moomins|url=http://www.screendaily.com/home/blogs/a-new-adventure-for-the-moomins/5078535.article?blocktitle=LATEST-FILM-NEWS&contentID=40562|access-date=11 October 2014|date=10 October 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017014240/http://www.screendaily.com/home/blogs/a-new-adventure-for-the-moomins/5078535.article?blocktitle=LATEST-FILM-NEWS&contentID=40562|archive-date=17 October 2014}}</ref>
[[File:Moomin 1969.jpg|thumb|right|Screenshot from the [[Moomin (1969 TV series)|1969 television series]] of Moomintroll with a rifle. Jansson was known to have a very negative attitude towards the controversial content of the series.<ref>[https://kotiliesi.fi/ihmiset-ja-ilmiot/ilmiot/tove-jansson-vakivalta-muumi-sarja-sokki/ Tove Jansson kauhistui väkivaltaisista muumeista – ”Se tv-sarja oli Tovelle shokki”] – ''[[Kotiliesi]]'' (in Finnish)</ref><ref>[https://yle.fi/aihe/artikkeli/2016/02/16/tiesitko-1970-luvun-taitteessa-japanissa-tehtiin-kummallista-muumit-sarjaa Tiesitkö? 1970-luvun taitteessa Japanissa tehtiin kummallista Muumit-sarjaa, joissa ryypättiin ja tapettiin vihollinen keihäällä] – ''[[Yle]]'' (in Finnish)</ref>]]
[[File:Moomin characters.png|thumb|right|The Moomins, from the [[Moomin (1990 TV series)|1990 television series]]. From left to right, Sniff, Moominmamma, Moominpappa, Moomintroll (Moomin) and Little My.]]
* ''[[Die Muminfamilie]]'' (''The Moomin Family'') 1959 West German [[marionette]] TV series, and its 1960 sequel ''Sturm im Mumintal'' (''Storm in Moominvalley'')
* ''[[Moomin (1969 TV series)|Mūmin]]'' (''Moomin''), 1969–70 Japanese [[anime]] TV series
* ''Mumintrollet'' (''Moomintroll''), 1969 Swedish-language [[suit actor]] TV series produced by Sveriges Radio (Swedish national radio company)
* ''[[Moomin (1972 TV series)|''Shin Mūmin'']]'' (''New Moomin''), 1972 Japanese [[anime]] TV series, remake of the 1969 series by the staff of its latter half
* ''Mūmin'' (''Moomin''), 1971 Japanese traditional animation film
* ''Mūmin'' (''Moomin''), 1972 Japanese traditional animation half-hour film<ref>{{cite web |url=https://uk.imdb.com/title/tt0953515 |title=Mûmin (1972) - IMDb |website=Uk.imdb.com |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024094116/http://uk.imdb.com/title/tt0953515/ |archive-date=2012-10-24 }}</ref>
* ''[[Mumindalen (TV series)|Mumindalen]]'' (''Moominvalley''), 1973 Swedish suit actor TV series based on [[Moominland Midwinter]]
* ''Mumi-troll'' (''Moomintroll''), 1978 Soviet Union [[stop motion]] [[serial film]] of ''[[Comet in Moominland]]''
* ''[[The Moomins (TV series)|Opowiadania Muminków]]'' (''The Moomins''), 1977–82 Austrian, German and Polish-produced "[[Fuzzy-Felt]]" stop motion TV series made in Poland. The series has been re-compiled a number of times in other formats:
** ''Moomin and Midsummer Madness'', 2008 Finnish-produced [[compilation movie]] of the TV series<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moominandmidsummermadness.com |title=Original moomin enter |access-date=March 17, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001195130/http://www.moominandmidsummermadness.com/ |archive-date=October 1, 2010 }}</ref>
** ''[[Moomins and the Comet Chase]]'', 2010 Finnish-produced [[3-D film]] compiled and converted from the 1977–82 series<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.originalmoomin.com |title=Moomins and the Comet Chase |access-date=April 15, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223182205/http://www.originalmoomin.com/ |archive-date=February 23, 2010 }}</ref>
** ''[[Moomins and the Winter Wonderland]]'', 2017, from the TV series.
** ''The Moomins'', 2010 Finnish-produced [[high-definition video]] version of the 1977–82 series
* ''Vem ska trösta knyttet?'', 1980 Swedish traditional animation half-hour film of ''[[Who Will Comfort Toffle?]]''
* ''Shlyapa Volshebnika'' (''Magician's Hat''), 1980–83 Soviet Union [[cutout animation]] serial film of ''[[Finn Family Moomintroll]]'', different staff and [[Aesthetics|aeshetic]] to the 1978 serial
* ''[[Moomin (1990 TV series)|Tanoshii Mūmin Ikka]]'' (''Moomin''), 1990–91 Dutch, Finnish and Japanese-produced traditional [[anime]] TV series made in Japan
**''[[Moomin (1990 TV series)#Delightful Moomin Family: Adventure Diary|Tanoshii Mūmin Ikka: Bōken Nikki]]'' (''Delightful Moomin Family: Adventure Diary''), 1991–92 Dutch and Japanese-produced traditional [[anime]] TV series made in Japan, a continuation of the 1990–91 series
**''[[Comet in Moominland (film)|Tanoshii Mūmin Ikka: Mūmindani no Suisei]]'' (''Comet in Moominland''), 1992 Dutch and Japanese-produced traditional [[anime]] feature film made in Japan, a [[prequel]] to the 1990–91 series
* ''Hur gick det sen?'' (''What Happened Next?''), 1993 Swedish short animation film of ''[[The Book about Moomin, Mymble and Little My]]''
* ''Փոքրիկ տրոլների կյանքից'' (''From the Life Of the Little Trolls''), 2008 Armenian short animation film based on ''The Last Dragon in the World'' (''Historien om den sista draken i världen'')<ref>{{cite web |url=https://issuu.com/hagopkazanjian/docs/rea_catalog_2011 |title=ReAnimania 2011 Catalog by Hagop Kazanjian |website=Issuu.com |date=28 June 2015 |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310130955/https://issuu.com/hagopkazanjian/docs/rea_catalog_2011 |archive-date=2016-03-10 }}</ref>
* ''[[Moomins on the Riviera]]'', 2014 French hand-drawn animated feature film, with a plot line taken from the comic strip.
* ''[[Moominvalley (TV series)|Moominvalley]]'', 2019 Finnish and British-produced TV series, directed by Oscar-winner [[Steve Box]]. A crowdfunded campaign was made on April 19, 2017 to make a new {{cite web|url=https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/moomin-animation--3|title=TV-series Moominvalley|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329065404/https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/moomin-animation--3/|archive-date=2017-03-29|url-status=dead}} by Finnish company {{cite web|url=https://www.gutsy.fi/moomin|title=Gutsy Animations}} It successfully passed the campaign threshold.
==Moomin music==
The Moomin novels describe the musical activities of the Moomins, particularly those of Snufkin, his [[harmonica]] with "trills" and "twiddles". All Moomin characters sing songs, often about their thoughts and themselves. The songs often serve as core statements of the characters' personalities.
===Original songs===
[[File:Moominvoices album cover.jpg|thumb|right|250px| The Moomin Voices CD release from 2003, arranged by [[Mika Pohjola]], in Swedish containing [[Tove Jansson]]'s original Moomin songs. A Finnish version was released in 2005.]]
This music was heard outside Moominvalley after they went live on theater stage in [[Stockholm]]. Director [[Vivica Bandler]] told Jansson in 1959: "Listen, here the people want songs".<ref>Songbook "Visor från Mumindalen" foreword by Boel Westin. Bonniers, Stockholm, Sweden.</ref> The earlier version of the play was cast in [[Helsinki]] with no music.
Helsinki based pianist and composer [[Erna Tauro]] was commissioned to write the songs to lyrics by Jansson. The first collection consisted of six Moomin Songs (''Sex muminvisor''): Moomintroll's Song (''Mumintrollets visa''), Little My's Song (''Lilla Mys visa''), Mrs. Fillyjonk's Song (''Fru Filifjonks sång''), Theater Rat Emma's Words of Wisdom (''Teaterråttan Emmas visdomsord''), Misabel's Lament (''Misans klagolåt'') and Final Song (''Slutsång'').
More songs were published in the 1960s and 1970s, when Tove and Lars Jansson produced a series of Moomin dramas for Swedish Television. The simple, yet effective melodies by Tauro were well received by the theater and TV audiences. The first songs were either sung unaccompanied or accompanied by a pianist. While the most famous Moomin songs in Scandinavia are undoubtedly "Moomintroll's Song" and "Little My's Song", they appear in no context in the novels.
The original songs by Jansson and Tauro remained scattered after their initial release. The first recording of the complete collection was made in 2003 by composer and arranger [[Mika Pohjola]] on the ''Moomin Voices'' CD (''Muminröster'' in Swedish), as a tribute to the late Tove Jansson. Tauro had died in June 1993 and some of Jansson's last lyrics were composed by Pohjola in cooperation with Jansson's heirs. Pohjola was also the arranger of all songs for a vocal ensemble and chamber orchestra. All voices were sung by [[Åland]] native vocalist, Johanna Grüssner. The same recording has been released in a Finnish version in 2005, ''Muumilauluja''. The Finnish lyrics were translated by [[Kirsi Kunnas]] and [[Vexi Salmi]].<ref name="voices">{{cite web |url=http://www.moominvoices.com |title=Moomin Voices |publisher=Moomin Voices |access-date=2009-06-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205113748/http://www.moominvoices.com/ |archive-date=2008-12-05 }}</ref>
The Swedish and Finnish recordings of Moomin Voices, and their respective musical scores, have been used as course material at [[Berklee College of Music]] in [[Boston]], Massachusetts.<ref name="voices" />
The Moomin Voices Live Band (aka. ''Muumilauluja-bändi'') is dedicated to exclusively performing the original lyrics and unaltered stories by Tove Jansson. This band is led by Pohjola on piano, with vocalists Mirja Mäkelä and Eeppi Ursin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mikapohjola.com |title=The Official Website of Composer Pianist Producer MIKA POHJOLA |access-date=January 14, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070111001241/http://www.mikapohjola.com/ |archive-date=January 11, 2007 }}</ref>
=== Other musical adaptations ===
Independent musical interpretations of the Moomins have been made for the [[Moomin (1990 TV series)|nineties anime]], by [[Pierre Kartner]], with translated versions being made including in [[Poland]] and the [[Nordic countries]]. Their lyrics, however, often contain simple slogans and the music is written in a children's pop music style and contrast sharply with the original Moomin novels and Jansson's pictorial and descriptive, yet rhyming lyricism, as well as Erna Tauro's Scandinavian-style songs (''visor''), which are occasionally influenced by [[Kurt Weill]].
A Moomin opera was written in 1974 by the Finnish composer [[Ilkka Kuusisto]]; Jansson designed the costumes.<ref name=bio>{{cite web |url=http://www.kansallisbiografia.fi/english/?id=1395 |title=Biografiakeskus, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura |website=Kansallisbiografia.fi |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317080024/http://kansallisbiografia.fi/english/?id=1395 |archive-date=2016-03-17 }}</ref>
Musicscapes from Moominvalley is a four-part work based on the Moomin compositions of composer and producer Heikki Mäenpää. It was created on the basis of the original Moomin works for the Tampere Art Museum.<ref>Moominvalley 20 years by Tampere art museum publication, ISSN 0782-3746</ref>
Twenty new Moomin songs were produced in Finland by Timo Poijärvi and Ari Vainio in 2006. This [[Finnish language|Finnish]] album contains no original lyrics by Jansson. However, it is based on the novel, [[Comet in Moominland]], and adheres to the original stories. The songs are performed by [[Samuli Edelmann]], Sani, [[Tommi Läntinen]], [[Susanna Haavisto]] and Jore Marjaranta and other established Finnish vocalists in the pop/entertainment genre. The same twenty compositions are also available as standalone multimedia CD postcards.
The Icelandic singer [[Björk]] has composed and performed the title song (Comet Song) for the film Moomins and the Comet Chase (2010). The lyrics were written by the Icelandic writer [[Sjón]].
In 2010, Russian composer Lex Plotnikoff (founder of symphonic metal band [[Mechanical Poet]]) released a [[new-age music]] album ''Hattifatteners: Stories from the Clay Shore'',<ref>[http://www.lookatme.ru/flow/posts/art-radar/100605-hattifatteners-stories-from-the-clay-shore Hattifatteners: Stories From The Clay Shore] — Look At Me</ref><ref>[http://moomi-troll.ru/?page_id=2636 Lex Plotnikoff "Hattifatteners. Stories from the Clay Shore"] | moomi-troll.ru </ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hattifatteners.com |title=Hattifatteners |access-date=January 17, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110204103426/http://www.hattifatteners.com/ |archive-date=February 4, 2011 }}</ref> accompanied by photos of moomin characters models by photographer/sculptor Tisha Razumovsky. Due to copyright issues, the album was later re-released as ''Mistland Prattlers'', with references to Moomins removed.
==Theatre==
[[File:Mumintrollet-och-kometen-1949.jpg|thumb|The Moomins and Tove Jansson perform on stage in 1949]]
[[File:Naantali Muumimaailma 01.jpg|thumb|Moomins Theatre show]]
Several stage productions have been made from Jansson's Moomin series, including a number that Jansson herself was involved in.
The earliest production was a 1949 theatrical version of ''Comet in Moominland'' performed at [[Åbo Svenska Teater]].<ref name=bio/>
In the early 1950s, Jansson collaborated on Moomin-themed children's plays with [[Vivica Bandler]]. By 1958, Jansson began to become directly involved in theater as Lilla Teater produced ''Troll i kulisserna'' (''Troll in the [[Wings (theater)|wings]]''), a Moomin play with lyrics by Jansson and music composed by [[Erna Tauro]]. The production was a success, and later performances were held in Sweden and Norway,<ref name=Liukkonen/> including recently at the [[Malmö Opera and Music Theatre]] in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malmoopera.se/forestallningar/troll-i-kulisserna |title=Troll i kulisserna | Malmö Opera |access-date=January 1, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825090929/http://www.malmoopera.se/forestallningar/troll-i-kulisserna |archive-date=August 25, 2013 }}</ref>
Mischief and Mystery in Moominvalley, a production created by Get Lost and Found which included puppetry and a giant pop-up book set, toured the UK from 2018, with runs at London's Southbank Centre, Kew Gardens and the Manchester Literature Festival.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.manchesterliteraturefestival.co.uk/events/mischief-and-mystery-in-moominvalley-39359 |title=Mischief and Mystery in Moominvalley |website=manchesterliteraturefestival.co.uk |date=2020-10-24 |access-date=2021-04-21}}</ref> This production was written by Emma Edwards and Sophie Ellen Powell with puppets and set designed and made by Annie Brooks.
==Video games==
[[File:Moomin's Tale.jpg|thumb|upright|Box art of ''Moomin's Tale'' (2000) for [[Game Boy Color]], developed by [[Sunsoft]]]]
In 1997, {{ill|Muumit ja Taikurin hattu|fi}} (''The Moomins and the Hobgoblin's Hat'') was developed by Norsk Strek AS and published by [[Bonnier Group|WSOY]], later Nordic Softsales. It was only released for the [[PC game|PC]].
In 2000, ''Moomin's Tale'', developed and published by [[Sunsoft]], was released for [[Game Boy Color]]. The game is based on the 1990 TV series, where Moomintroll is the game's protagonist. The player goes through six different stories throughout the duration of the game.<ref>[https://steam-games.org/game/67723/moomins-tale/ Moomin's Tale] - Steam Games</ref><ref>[https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/05/20/moomins-tale Moomin's Tale] - ''[[IGN]]''</ref><ref name="gamesradar+">[https://www.gamesradar.com/snufkin-melody-of-moominvalley-is-a-new-puzzler-starring-the-moomins/ Snufkin: Melody of Moominvalley is a new puzzler starring the Moomins] - ''[[GamesRadar+]]''</ref>
Two video games were released for [[Nintendo DS]], one exclusive to Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Moomins Games |url=https://www.giantbomb.com/moomins/3025-4266/games/ |access-date=2022-05-05 |website=Giant Bomb |language=en}}</ref> ''Moomin Tani no Okurimono'' was released in Japan on November 19, 2009. The game was never released in Finland or elsewhere than Japan and China.
On November 3, 2021, the music-themed [[adventure game]] ''[[Snufkin: Melody of Moominvalley]]'' was announced. The game features Snufkin as the protagonist, as he attempts to restore harmony within Moominvalley. The game is developed by Norwegian-based [[indie game]] company Hyper Games. The game's soundtrack features music from [[Iceland|Icelandic]] post-rock band [[Sigur Rós]], taken from their 2002 album [[( ) (album)|''( )'']].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-06-13 |title=Sigur Rós will feature on the Snufkin: Melody of Moominvalley soundtrack |language=en-gb |work=Eurogamer.net |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/sigur-ros-will-feature-on-the-snufkin-melody-of-moominvalley-soundtrack |access-date=2023-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220613111613/https://www.eurogamer.net/sigur-ros-will-feature-on-the-snufkin-melody-of-moominvalley-soundtrack |archive-date=2022-06-13}}</ref> The game was released for [[Steam (service)|Steam]] and [[Nintendo Switch]] in 2024.<ref>[https://www.snufkin.game/ Snufkin - Melody of Moominvalley] (Official Site)</ref><ref>[https://hypergames.no/presskit/sheet.php?p=snufkin Hyper Games] - Hypergames.no</ref><ref>[https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2022-03-08-moomin-musical-adventure-snufkin-melody-of-moominvalley-looks-lovely-in-first-gameplay-trailer Moomin musical adventure Snufkin: Melody of Moominvalley looks lovely in first trailer] - ''[[Eurogamer]]''</ref><ref name="gamesradar+" />
==Theme parks and displays==
===Moomin World===
{{Main|Moomin World}}
[[File:Muumitalo 3.jpg|right|thumb|[[Moomin House]] in [[Moomin World]], [[Naantali]], Finland]]
[[Moomin World]] (''Muumimaailma'' in Finnish, ''Muminvärlden'' in Swedish) is the Moomin Theme Park especially for children. Moomin World is located on the island of Kailo beside the old town of [[Naantali]], near the city of [[Turku]] in [[Western Finland]].
The blueberry-coloured Moomin House is the main attraction; tourists are allowed to freely visit all five stories. It is also possible to see the Hemulen's yellow house, Moominmama's kitchen, the Fire Station, Snufkin's Camp, Moominpappa's boat, etc. Visitors may also meet Moomin characters there. Moomin World opens for the Summer season.
=== Moomin Ice Cave ===
On December 26, 2020, the underground Moomin Ice Cave theme park was opened 30 meters underneath the Spa Hotel Vesileppis in [[Leppävirta]] ({{convert|56|km}} south of [[Kuopio]]). The Moomin Ice Cave includes Moomin-themed [[ice sculpture]]s, downhill skiing and other activities for families with children.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.icecave.fi/frontpage |title=Moomin Ice Cave |access-date=2021-01-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.moomin.com/en/blog/moomin-ice-sculptures-ice-cave/#5f85fe82 |title=The new ice sculptures and fun activities of the Moomin Ice Cave charms both adventurous and winter enthusiasts | website=Moomin.com |date=2020-12-26 |access-date=2021-01-17 }}</ref>
===Tampere Art Museum===
{{Main|Moomin Museum}}
The Moominvalley of the [[Tampere]] Art Museum is a museum devoted to the original works of Tove Jansson. It contains around 2,000 works. The museum is based on the Moomin books and has many original Moomin illustrations by Tove Jansson. The gem of the collection is a blue five-storey model of the Moominhouse, which had Tove Jansson as one of its builders. As a birthday present, the 20-year-old museum received a [[soundscape]] work based on the works of Tove Jansson, called Musicscapes from Moominvalley.
===Interactive playroom===
An interactive playroom about the Moomins was located at [[Scandinavia House]], [[New York City]], from November 11, 2006, till March 31, 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/24/arts/24fami.html|title=Family Fare: Meet The Moomins, Creatures in Residence|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=24 November 2006 |access-date=2016-04-13|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125132424/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/24/arts/24fami.html|archive-date=2016-01-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scandinaviahouse.org/programs.html |title=Scandinavia House – The Nordic Center in America |publisher=Scandinavia House |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061210145053/http://www.scandinaviahouse.org/programs.html |archive-date=December 10, 2006 }}</ref>
=== Akebono Children's Forest Park ===
[[File:JRBusKanto moomin-For Kawaguchiko.jpeg|thumb|Japanese bus going to MoominValley Park]]
{{Nihongo|Akebono Children's Forest Park|あけぼの子どもの森公園|Akebono Kodomo no Mori Kōen}}, also called "Moomin Valley", is a Moomin themed park for children in [[Hannō, Saitama]] in Japan that opened in July, 1997.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.city.hanno.saitama.jp.e.kb.hp.transer.com/0000002658.html |title=Akebono-children park facility guidance | publisher=Hannō city |date=2016-03-11 |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065905/http://www.city.hanno.saitama.jp.e.kb.hp.transer.com/0000002658.html |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Elle |url=http://insaitama.com/moomin-valley-akebono-forest-in-hanno-city/ |title="Moomin Valley", Akebono Children's Forest in Hanno City | publisher=Saitama with Kids |date=2013-01-12 |access-date=2016-04-13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413190238/http://insaitama.com/moomin-valley-akebono-forest-in-hanno-city/ |archive-date=2016-04-13 }}</ref> Tove Jansson had already in the 1970s given her personal permission to the city of Hannō to build a small Moomin-themed playground there.<ref>{{cite news | author=Sirén, Vesa | title=Ihana Mörkö! | newspaper=Helsingin Sanomat | date=5 June 2019 | pages=B 1–3 | language=fi | url=http://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000006131011.html }}</ref>
=== Metsä ===
{{main|Metsä (theme park)}}
First announced in 2013, a new Moomin theme park, [[Metsä (theme park)|Metsä]], was opened in March 2019 at Lake Miyazawa, Hannō. There are two zones: the free Metsä Village area, comprising lakefront restaurants and shops set among natural activities, and the [[Moominvalley Park]] section offering attractions like Moominhouse and an art museum.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2016-12-06/japan-moomin-theme-park-opening-pushed-back-to-2019/.109570|title=Japan's Moomin Theme Park Opening Pushed Back to 2019|website=Anime News Network|access-date=5 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109181229/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2016-12-06/japan-moomin-theme-park-opening-pushed-back-to-2019/.109570|archive-date=9 January 2018}}</ref>
The theme park has become very popular, with more than one million visitors during the first three months in 2019.<ref>{{cite news | author=Andersen, Ivar | title=Mammorna flockas till Mumindalen – i Japan | newspaper=Hufvudstadsbladet | date=24 December 2019 | pages=24–25 | url=http://www.hbl.fi/artikel/i-japan-ar-det-mammorna-som-flockas-i-mumindalen/ | url-access=subscription | language=sv | location=Helsingfors }}</ref>
=== Moomin shops ===
[[File:Moomin Shop Vantaa, Helsinki, Finland.jpg|thumb|Moomin Shop at [[Helsinki Airport]]]]
As of January 2019, there are 20 Moomin Shops around the world, offering an extensive range of Moomin-themed goods. Finland, home of the Moomins, has three stores. There are two stores in the UK, one in the US, six in Japan. China and Hong Kong each have one store. There are three in South Korea and three in Thailand. One store exists in Kraków, Poland.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.moomin.com/en/places/ |title=Places - Moomin : Moomin |access-date=2015-05-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518074649/https://www.moomin.com/en/places/ |archive-date=2015-05-18 }}</ref>
=== Moomin Cafes ===
As of January 2018, there are 15 themed Moomin Cafes around the world – Finland, Japan, Hong Kong, Thailand, South Korea and Taiwan<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moomin.com/en/places/|title=Places – Moomin|website=moomin.com|access-date=5 May 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316022331/https://www.moomin.com/en/places/|archive-date=16 March 2017}}</ref> – allowing diners to immerse themselves in the Moomin world. Diners can enjoy Moomin-inspired meals sitting at tables with larger-than-life plush versions of Moomin characters.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/japan-moomin-cafe/index.html|title=Moomin, Japan's 'anti-loneliness' cafe, goes viral|date=15 May 2014|website=cnn.com|access-date=5 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310192233/http://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/japan-moomin-cafe/index.html|archive-date=10 March 2018}}</ref>
==Success in popular culture==
The Moomin Boom ({{Lang|fi|muumibuumi}} in Finnish) started in the 1990s, when [[Dennis Livson]] and [[Lars Jansson (cartoonist)|Lars Jansson]] produced a 104-part animation series in Japan named ''[[Tales from Moominvalley (TV series)|Tales from Moominvalley]]'', which was followed by a full-length movie ''Comet in Moominland''. Moomin books had always been steady bestsellers in Finland, [[Sweden]], [[Estonia]], [[Latvia]] and [[Lithuania]], but the animation started a new Moomin madness both in Finland and abroad, especially in Japan, where they are the official mascots of the [[Daiei]] chain of shopping centers. A large merchandising industry was built around the Moomin characters, covering everything from coffee cups and T-shirts to plastic models. Even the former Finnish President [[Tarja Halonen]] has been known to wear a Moomin watch.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cord|first=David J.|title=Mohamed 2.0|title-link=Mohamed 2.0: Disruption Manifesto|publisher=[[Schildts & Söderströms]]|year=2012|isbn=978-951-52-2898-7|location=Helsingfors|page=155}}</ref> New Moomin comic books and comic strips were published. Moomins were used to advertise Finland abroad: the [[Helsinki Airport|Helsinki–Vantaa International Airport]] was decorated with Moomin images and [[Finnair]] decorated 2 of its [[McDonnell Douglas MD-11|MD-11s]] on routes to Japan with Moomin designs in 2006. In 2023, Finnair also decorated two of its [[Airbus A350|Airbus A350-900s]] with two of Moomin characters, Moomintroll and Snork Maiden to celebrate its 100th anniversary.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petchenik |first=Ian |date=March 22, 2023 |title=Follow Finnair's 100th anniversary Moomin liveries |url=https://www.flightradar24.com/blog/follow-finnairs-100th-anniversary-moomin-liveries/ |access-date=March 25, 2023 |website=Flightradar24}}</ref> The peak of the Moomin Boom was the opening of the [[Moomin World]] theme park in [[Naantali]], Finland in 1993, which has become one of Finland's international tourist destinations.
The Moomin Boom has been criticized for commercializing the Moomins. Friends of Tove Jansson and many old Moomin enthusiasts have stressed that the newer animations banalize the original and philosophical Moomin world to harmless family entertainment. An antithesis for the [[Disneyland Park (Anaheim)|Disneyland]]-like Moomin World theme park is the Moomin Museum of Tampere, which exhibits the original illustrations and hand-made Moomin models by Tove Jansson.
The Jansson family has kept the rights of Moomins and controlled the Moomin Boom. The artistic control is now in the hands of Lars Jansson's daughter, [[Sophia Jansson-Zambra]]. Wanting to keep the control over Moomins, the family has turned down offers from [[The Walt Disney Company]].<ref name="love war moomins">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26529309|title=Tove Jansson: Love, war and the Moomins|last=Bosworth|first=Mark|date=2014-03-13|publisher=BBC News|access-date=2017-02-28|language=en-GB|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170413015545/http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26529309|archive-date=2017-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.huckmag.com/perspectives/activism-2/how-the-moomins-became-an-anti-fascist-symbol/|title=How the Moomins became an anti-fascist symbol|last=Samson|first=Anna|date=2021-09-22|work=Huck|access-date=2022-09-22|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.finnstyle.com/moomin.html|title=The Moomins are from Finland|work=FinnStyle|access-date=2022-09-22|language=en}}</ref>
{{As of|2017}}, the Moomin brand is estimated to have a yearly retail value of €700 million per year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.licensing.biz/big-interviews/read/moomin-with-the-times-moomin-characters-talks-the-future-of-this-classic-brand/046511|title=Moomin with the times: Moomin Characters talks the future of this classic brand|website=licensing.biz|access-date=5 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109181418/http://www.licensing.biz/big-interviews/read/moomin-with-the-times-moomin-characters-talks-the-future-of-this-classic-brand/046511|archive-date=9 January 2018}}</ref>
<gallery widths="175px" heights="175px">
File:Finnair McDonnell Douglas MD-11 (OH-LGB) at Helsinki-Vantaa Airport.jpg|left|[[Finnair]] [[MD-11]] decorated with Moomin characters serving the Japanese route
File:Rosehage kopp.jpg|[[Moominmamma]] in the [[Moomin mugs|Moomin-themed mug]]
File:The Moomins Garden in Holon.jpg| Moomins Garden in [[Holon]], [[Israel]]
File:Moomin Shop, Covent Garden, Westminster - geograph.org.uk - 4428255.jpg|The Moomin Shop in [[Covent Garden]], [[Westminster]], UK
</gallery>
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Commons and category}}
* {{Official website|https://www.moomin.com/en/}}
{{The Moomin Series}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Portal bar|Finland|Children's literature}}
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[[Category:Tove Jansson]]
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