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Line 144: ===Statehood and Missouri Compromise=== Formal secession from Massachusetts and admission of Maine as the 23rd state occurred on March 15, 1820, as part of the [[Missouri Compromise]], which geographically ~~limited~~restricted the spread of [[slavery]] and enabled the admission to statehood of [[Missouri]] the following year, keeping a balance between [[slave state\|slave]] and free states.<ref>Woodard, Colin. "Parallel 44: Origins of the Mass Effect", ''The Working Waterfront'', August 31, 2010. [http://www.workingwaterfront.com/columns/Parallel-44-Origins-of-the-Mass-Effect/14024/] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110523025705/http://www.workingwaterfront.com/columns/Parallel-44-Origins-of-the-Mass-Effect/14024/\|date=May 23, 2011}}</ref><ref>Woodard, Colin. ''The Lobster Coast: Rebels, Rusticators and the Forgotten Frontier'' (2004) Penguin Books. {{ISBN\|0-670-03324-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.maine.gov/legis/senate/statehouse/history/hstry5.htm \|title=Maine History (Statehood) \|publisher=www.maine.gov \|access-date=April 13, 2008 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080504060335/http://www.maine.gov/legis/senate/statehouse/history/hstry5.htm \|archive-date=May 4, 2008 }}</ref> Maine's original state capital was Portland, Maine's largest city, until it was moved to the more central Augusta in 1832. The principal office of the [[Maine Supreme Judicial Court]] remains in Portland. Line 162: To the south and east is the [[Gulf of Maine]], and to the west is the state of [[New Hampshire]]. The Canadian province of [[New Brunswick]] is to the north and northeast, and the province of [[Quebec]] is to the northwest. Maine is the northernmost state in New England and the largest, accounting for almost half of the region's entire land area. Maine is the only state to border exactly one other American state (New Hampshire). Approximately half the area of Maine lies on each side of the [[45th parallel north]] in [[latitude]]. Maine is the easternmost state in the [[Contiguous United States]] both in its extreme points and in its geographic center. The town of [[Lubec, Maine\|Lubec]] is the easternmost organized settlement in the United States. Its Quoddy Head Lighthouse is also the closest place in the United States to Africa and Europe. [[Estcourt Station, Maine\|Estcourt Station]] is Maine's northernmost point, as well as the northernmost point in New England. (For more information see [[extreme points of the United States]]) Maine's [[Moosehead Lake]] is the largest lake wholly in New England, since [[Lake Champlain]] is located between [[Vermont]], [[New York (state)\|New York]], and [[Quebec]]. A number of other Maine lakes, such as [[South Twin Lake (Maine)\|South Twin Lake]], are described by [[Thoreau]] in ''The Maine Woods'' (1864). [[Mount Katahdin]] is the northern terminus of the [[Appalachian Trail]], which extends southerly to [[Springer Mountain]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)\|Georgia]], and the southern terminus of the new [[International Appalachian Trail]] which, when complete, will run to [[Belle Isle (Newfoundland and Labrador)\|Belle Isle]], [[Newfoundland and Labrador]].