[go: nahoru, domu]
Wikipedia

Norse colonization of North America: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Reverted good faith edits by 2601:58B:4980:1F20:EC04:FDCF:11B:A027 (talk): Better before
No edit summary
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
Line 80:
 
[[File:Authentic Viking recreation.jpg|thumb|A reconstruction of Norse buildings at the [[UNESCO]] listed [[L'Anse aux Meadows]] site in Newfoundland, Canada. Archaeological evidence demonstrates that iron working, carpentry, and boat repair were conducted at the site.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wallace |first1=Birgitta |title=L'Anse aux Meadows |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/lanse-aux-meadows |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=4 June 2020 |archive-date=27 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227064113/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/lanse-aux-meadows |url-status=live }}</ref>]]
Evidence of the Norse west of Greenland came in the 1960s when archaeologist [[Anne Stine Ingstad]] and author [[Helge Ingstad]], excavated a Norse site at [[L'Anse aux Meadows]] in [[Newfoundland]]. They found a bronze, ring-headed pin like those the Norse used to fasten their cloaks inside the cooking pit of one of the larger dwellings. A stone oil lamp and a small [[spindle whorl]], used as the flywheel of a handheld spindle, were found inside another building. A fragment of a bone needle believed to have been used for knitting was discovered in the firepit of a third dwelling. A small, decorated brass fragment, once [[gilding|gilded]], was also discovered. Much [[slag]] formed as a by-product from the smelting and working of iron was found on the site along with many iron boat nails or rivets.<ref name="Mueller-Vollmer2022">{{cite book |last1=Mueller-Vollmer |first1=Tristan |last2=Wolf |first2=Kirsten |title=Vikings: An Encyclopedia of Conflict, Invasions, and Raids |year=2022 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-4408-7730-8 |pages=29–30 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MtljEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA29 |archive-date=2 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502033142/https://books.google.com/books?id=MtljEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA29 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
In 2012, Canadian researchers identified possible signs of Norse outposts in [[Nanook, Baffin Island|Nanook]] at [[Tanfield Valley]] on [[Baffin Island]], as well as on Nunguvik, Willows Island, and [[Avayalik]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/10/121019-viking-outpost-second-new-canada-science-sutherland/ |title=Evidence of Viking Outpost Found in Canada |access-date=28 January 2013 |last=Pringle |first=Heather |date=19 October 2012 |work=National Geographic News |publisher=[[National Geographic Society]] |archive-date=17 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517220110/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/10/121019-viking-outpost-second-new-canada-science-sutherland/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Vikings and Native Americans |journal=National Geographic |date=November 2012 |first=Heather |last=Pringle |volume=221 |issue=11 |url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2012/11/vikings-and-indians/pringle-text |access-date=28 January 2013 |archive-date=19 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119110451/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2012/11/vikings-and-indians/pringle-text |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=The Nature of Things |url=http://www.cbc.ca/natureofthings/episode/the-norse-an-arctic-mystery.html |title=The Norse: An Arctic Mystery |access-date=29 January 2013 |author-link=The Nature of Things |date=22 November 2012 |publisher=[[CBC Television]] |archive-date=27 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127184750/http://www.cbc.ca/natureofthings/episode/the-norse-an-arctic-mystery.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Unusual fabric cordage found on Baffin Island in the 1980s and stored at the [[Canadian Museum of Civilization]] was identified in 1999 as possibly of Norse manufacture; that discovery led to more comprehensive exploration of the Tanfield Valley archaeological site for points of contact between Norse Greenlanders and the indigenous [[Dorset culture|Dorset people]].<ref>{{cite conference | first =Patricia | last =Sutherland | author-link =Patricia Sutherland | title =Strands of Culture Contact: Dorset-Norse Interactions in the Canadian Eastern Arctic | book-title =Identities and Cultural Contacts in the Arctic: Proceedings from a Conference at the Danish National Museum, Copenhagen, 30 November to 2 December 1999 | editor1-first =Martin | editor1-last =Appelt | editor2-first =Joel | editor2-last =Berglund | editor3-first =Hans Christian | editor3-last =Gulløv | pages =159–169 | publisher =The Danish National Museum & Danish Polar Center | date =2000 | location =Copenhagen, Denmark | url =https://www.historymuseum.ca/learn/research/resources-for-scholars/essays/dorset-norse-interactions-in-the-canadian-eastern-arctic/ | access-date =19 December 2018 | archive-date =4 December 2018 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20181204073956/https://www.historymuseum.ca/learn/research/resources-for-scholars/essays/dorset-norse-interactions-in-the-canadian-eastern-arctic/ | url-status =live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/archeo/helluland/str0301e.html | title =Strangers, Partners, Neighbors? Helluland Archaeology Project: Recent Finds | publisher =Canadian Museum of History | access-date =19 December 2018 | archive-date =3 December 2018 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20181203230055/https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/archeo/helluland/str0301e.html | url-status =live }}</ref>
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norse_colonization_of_North_America"