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{{Short description|Dutch historian}}
[[Image:Nicolaas Adrianus Rupke.png|thumb|alt=Nicolaas Adrianus Rupke|Nicolaas Adrianus Rupke]]
'''Nicolaas Adrianus Rupke''' (
He studied biology and geology at the [[Groningen University|university of Groningen]] and geology and the history of science at [[Princeton University|Princeton]] and [[Oxford University|Oxford]]. Early in his studies, Rupke was a Christian and proponent of [[Flood geology]],<ref name="Why Not Creation?">Rupke, N.A. 1970. Prolegomena to a study of cataclysmal sedimentation. In Lammerts, W.E. (editor), ''Why Not Creation?'' pp. 141–179. Baker Book House, Grand Rapids, MI.</ref> but later came to reject this position. When in 1977 he was elected to a [[Wolfson College, Oxford]] research position in the history of science, Rupke made this subject his full-time occupation. A series of similar international research posts followed, until in 1993 he took up a professorship at [[Göttingen University]] to teach the [[history of science]] and [[History of medicine|medicine]].<ref name="Carreer1">"Die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften als Lebensgeschichten", ''Jahrbuch der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen'', 2005, pp. 313-322. Autobiographical sketch in the Yearbook of Göttingen Academy on the occasion of Rupke's election as a member of the academy.</ref> In 2009, Rupke was awarded a Lower Saxony research chair.<ref name="Carreer2">http://www.uni-goettingen.de/de/108191.html. Press-release of the Lower Saxony Ministry of education about the "Niedersachsenprofessur 65+" (Lower Saxony research chair) 2009; [http://www.zeit.de/2009/31/C-Niedersachsenprofessur Interview] with ''[[Die Zeit]]''</ref> In 2012, he took up an endowed professorship at [[Washington and Lee University]] in Lexington, Virginia, USA.
Rupke is known for his studies of late-modern biology, geology and [[science & religion]]. With an interest in the biographical approach, he restored to their contemporary prominence several nineteenth-century scientists, most important among them [[Richard Owen]] who well before the appearance of ''[[The Origin of Species]]'' developed a naturalistic theory of evolution, albeit a non-Darwinian one.<ref name="Owen biography">''Richard Owen: Biology without Darwin'' (revised ed. of ''Richard Owen: Victorian Naturalist'', New Haven and London: Yale, 1994) Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2009.</ref>
Studies of [[Alexander von Humboldt]] came next,<ref name="Humboldt metabiography">''Alexander von Humboldt: A Metabiography'' (corrected edition). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2008.</ref> in which Rupke developed what he terms the [[metabiography|metabiographical approach]] by exploring how a famous life – in this case Humboldt's – may be multiply retold and reconstructed as part of different belief systems and memory cultures.<ref name="Humboldt review">[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v441/n7091/full/441286a.html "Lives after death"]. [[Steven Shapin]]'s review in ''[[Nature (journal)|
Rupke is a fellow of Germany's [[German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina|National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina]]<ref name="Leopoldina membership">[http://www.leopoldina-halle.de/cms/en/academy/organisation/members/list-of-members.html Membership listing of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina - Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften].</ref> and of the [[Göttingen Academy of Sciences]].
==Selected
*''The Great Chain of History: [[William Buckland]] and the English School of Geology (1814–1849)''. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983.<ref>{{cite journal|jstor=232820|last1=Taylor |first1=Kenneth L. |author-link=Kenneth L. Taylor|title=Reviewed work: ''The Great Chain of History: William Buckland and the English School of Geology (1814-1849)'' by Nicolas A. Rupke |journal=Isis |year=1985 |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=106–108 |doi=10.1086/353765 }}</ref> {{isbn|0198229070}}
*''Vivisection in Historical Perspective'' (ed.). London, Croom Helm, 1987; Routledge, 1988. {{isbn|0415050219}}
▲:*''Science, Politics and the Public Good'' (ed.). London: Macmillan, 1988.
▲:*''Richard Owen: Biology without Darwin'' (revised ed. of ''Richard Owen: Victorian Naturalist'', New Haven and London: Yale, 1994) Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2009.
▲:*''Alexander von Humboldt: A Metabiography'' (corrected edition). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2008.
▲:*''Eminent Lives in Twentieth-Century Science and Religion'' (ed.) (revised and much expanded edition). Frankurt a.M.: Lang, 2009.
▲:*''Albrecht von Haller im Göttingen der Aufklärung'' (ed. with Norbert Elsner). Göttingen: Wallstein, 2009.
==References==
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* [http://univz.uni-goettingen.de/qisserver/rds?state=verpublish&status=init&vmfile=no&moduleCall=webInfo&publishConfFile=webInfoPerson&publishSubDir=personal&keep=y&purge=y&personal.pid=6901 Faculty listing, Göttingen University].
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[[Category:1944 births]]
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[[Category:20th-century Dutch geologists]]
[[Category:Historians of science]]
[[Category:Princeton University alumni]]
[[Category:Alumni of Wolfson College, Oxford]]
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