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In 1966, the [[Shiv Sena]] (Army of Shivaji) party was formed to promote the interests of Marathi speaking people in the face of migration to Maharashtra from other parts of India, and the accompanying loss of power for locals. His image adorns literature, propaganda and icons of the party.<ref name="Naipaul2011">{{cite book|first=V. S. |last=Naipaul |author-link=V. S. Naipaul |title=India: A Wounded Civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XYeWbmq7pkIC&pg=PT65|year=2011|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-307-78934-1|page=65}}</ref>
In modern times, Shivaji is considered as a national hero in India, especially in the state of Maharashtra, where he remains arguably the greatest figure in the state's history. Stories of his life form an integral part of the upbringing and identity of the [[Marathi people]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=KUBER |first=GIRISH |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1245346175 |title=RENAISSANCE STATE : the unwritten story of the making of maharashtra. |date=2021 |publisher=HARPERCOLLINS INDIA |isbn=978-93-90327-39-3 |location=[S.l.] |pages=69–78 |oclc=1245346175}}</ref> Shivaji is upheld by
In the late 20th century, [[Babasaheb Purandare]] became one of the most significant artists in portraying Shivaji in his writings, leading him to be declared in 1964 as the ''Shiv-Shahir'' ("Bard of Shivaji").<ref>{{cite book|title=Lok Sabha Debates|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hlZPAQAAMAAJ|year=1952|publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat|page=121|quote=Will the Minister of EDUCATION, SOCIAL WELFARE AND CULTURE be pleased to state: (a) whether Shri Shivshahir Bawa Saheb Purandare of Maharashtra has sought the permission of Central Government ...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Indian P.E.N.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eLtjAAAAMAAJ|year=1964|publisher=P.E.N. All-India Centre.|page=32|quote=Sumitra Raje Bhonsale of Satara honoured Shri Purandare with the title of "Shiva-shahir" and donated Rs. 301 for the proposed publication.}}</ref> However, Purandare, a Brahmin, was also accused of overemphasising the influence of Brahmin gurus on Shivaji,{{sfn|Laine|2011|p=164}} and his ''Maharashtra Bhushan'' award ceremony in 2015 was protested by those claiming he had defamed Shivaji.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/writer-babasaheb-purandare-receives-maharashtra-bhushan-despite-protests/articleshow/48551741.cms|title=Writer Babasaheb Purandare receives 'Maharashtra Bhushan' despite protests|author=Krishna Kumar|date=20 August 2015|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref>
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