Peristalsis: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Revision as of 18:09, 21 May 2024 edit 2600:8807:405c:b00:9403:aa5a:f33d:ceb9 (talk) No edit summary Tag: Reverted ← Previous edit		Latest revision as of 00:17, 14 September 2024 edit undo Ruud Buitelaar (talk \| contribs) Extended confirmed users 8,908 edits →Related terms: added desmosis Tag: Visual edit
(8 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 4: [[File:Peristaltic.jpg\|thumb\|A time-space diagram of a peristaltic wave after a water swallow. High-pressure values are red, zero pressure is blue-green. The ridge in the upper part of the picture is the high pressure of the upper esophageal sphincter which only opens for a short time to let water pass.]] '''~~Perisalsis~~Peristalsis''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|p\|ɛr\|ɪ\|ˈ\|s\|t\|æ\|l\|s\|ɪ\|s}} {{respell\|PERR\|ih\|STAL\|siss}}, {{IPAc-en\|usalso\|-\|ˈ\|s\|t\|ɔː\|l\|-}} {{respell\|-\|STAWL\|-}})<ref>{{cite LPD\|3}}</ref> is a type of [[intestinal motility]], characterized by [[symmetry in biology#Radial symmetry\|radially symmetrical]] contraction and relaxation of [[muscle]]s that propagate in a [[wave]] down a tube, in an [[wikt:anterograde\|anterograde]] direction. Peristalsis is progression of coordinated contraction of involuntary circular muscles, which is preceded by a simultaneous contraction of the longitudinal muscle and relaxation of the circular muscle in the lining of the gut.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Mittal\|first=Ravinder K.\|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK54265/\|title=Peristalsis in the Circular and Longitudinal Muscles of the Esophagus\|date=2011\|publisher=Morgan & Claypool Life Sciences\|language=en}}</ref> In much of a [[digestive tract]], such as the human gastrointestinal tract, [[smooth muscle tissue]] contracts in sequence to produce a peristaltic wave, which propels a ball of [[food]] (called a [[bolus (digestion)\|bolus]] before being transformed into [[chyme]] in the stomach) along the tract. The peristaltic movement comprises relaxation of circular smooth muscles, then their contraction behind the chewed material to keep it from moving backward, then longitudinal contraction to push it forward. [[Earthworm]]s use a similar mechanism to drive their locomotion,<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.angelfire.com/de2/atoy/mus.htm\|title=Earthworm - Muscular System\|website=~~www.angelfire.com~~[[Angelfire]]}}</ref>{{self-published inline\|date=September 2014}} and some modern machinery imitate this design.<ref>{{Cite journal\|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0964-1726/13/3/016/meta\|title=Development of a peristaltic crawling robot using magnetic fluid on the basis of the locomotion mechanism of the earthworm\|publisher=IOP Publishing\|journal=Smart Materials and Structures\|date=2004 \|doi=10.1088/0964-1726/13/3/016 \|access-date=2024-04-06 \|last1=Saga \|first1=Norihiko \|last2=Nakamura \|first2=Taro \|volume=13 \|issue=3 \|pages=566–569 \|bibcode=2004SMaS...13..566S }}</ref> The word comes from [[Neo-Latin]] and is derived from the [[Greek language\|Greek]] ''peristellein'', "to wrap around," from ''peri''-, "around" + ''stellein'', "draw in, bring together; set in order".<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=peristaltic\|title=Online Etymology Dictionary\|website=etymonline.com\|access-date=2016-06-30}}</ref> Line 45: ===Sperm=== During [[ejaculation]], the smooth muscle in the walls of the [[~~vas~~vasa ~~deferens~~deferentia]] ~~contracts~~contract reflexively in peristalsis, propelling [[sperm]] from the [[testicle]]s to the [[urethra]].<ref name="Reece2013">{{cite book\|author=William O. Reece\|title=Functional Anatomy and Physiology of Domestic Animals\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C_q3Q-IpkNMC&pg=PA451\|date=21 March 2013\|publisher=John Wiley & Sons\|isbn=978-1-118-68589-1\|pages=451–}}</ref> ==Earthworms== Line 77: * [[Retroperistalsis]], the reverse of peristalsis * [[Segmentation contractions]] are another type of intestinal motility. * Intestinal [[desmosis]], the atrophy of the tendinous plexus layer, may cause disturbed gut motility.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Feichter \|first=Sonja \|last2=Meier-Ruge \|first2=William A. \|last3=Bruder \|first3=Elisabeth \|date=2009-11-01 \|title=The histopathology of gastrointestinal motility disorders in children \|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1055858609000407 \|journal=Seminars in Pediatric Surgery \|series=Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders \|volume=18 \|issue=4 \|pages=206–211 \|doi=10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2009.07.002 \|issn=1055-8586}}</ref> ==References== Line 85 ⟶ 86: * {{MeSH name\|Peristalsis}} * {{cite book \|title= Essentials of Human Physiology \|first= Thomas M. \|last= Nosek \|chapter=Section 6/6ch3/s6ch3_9 \|chapter-url=http://humanphysiology.tuars.com/program/section6/6ch3/s6ch3_9.htm \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324124828/http://humanphysiology.tuars.com/program/section6/6ch3/s6ch3_9.htm\|archive-date=2016-03-24}} * [http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/basics/peristalsis.html Overview at colostate.edu] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128004815/http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/basics/peristalsis.html \|date=2020-01-28 }} {{Gastrointestinal physiology}}