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Pretoria Forts: Difference between revisions

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==The Three German Forts==
 
[[Pretoria_Forts#Fort_Schanskop|Fort Schanskop]], [[Pretoria_Forts#Fort_Wonderboompoort|Fort Wonderboompoort]] and [[Pretoria_Forts#Fort_Klapperkop|Fort Klapperkop]] were designed by Von Dewitz enand Werner of the German Engineering Company, Krupp, assisted by the architect, Christiaan Kuntz and building contractor Celso Giri.
 
The three forts are pentagonal reinforced, with more fire range possibilities through numerous facets. Attacks from any direction could be warded off by revolving guns on their ramparts. To prevent infantry attacks, loopholes were built into the walls. Trenches, barbed-wire entanglements and fortified rooms were erected as reinforcements.
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===Fort Wonderboompoort===
 
This fort was completed in September 1897 by Von Dewitz enand Werner for a total cost of GBP 49,000. As with Fort Schanskop, it was also supplied with electricity, a telephone and running water.
 
The fort was armed with a 75 mm Creusot gun ("Long Tom"), a 37 mm Maxim-Nordenfeldt cannon and a hand-cranked Martin-Henry Maxim. Initially eighteen gunners were stationed in the fort, but both men and armaments were gradually withdrawn until only one gunner and no cannons were left on 5 June 1900.
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Fort Klapperkop was armed with a [[155 mm Creusot Long Tom|155mm Creusot gun]] [[155 mm Creusot Long Tom|("Long Tom")]], a 37 mm [[Maxim gun|Maxim-Nordenfeldt cannon]], three Martini-Henry hand-maxims and a 65 mm Krupp Mountain Gun.
 
In January 1899 The fort was being manned by 17 troops. In July 1899 the number of troops was increased to 30. By end October 1899, only 16 troops were still stationed at Fort Klapperkop. As with the other forts, men and armament waswere gradually withdrawn and sent elsewhere during the course of the war.
 
It is said: "Never a shot in anger was fired from this fort."
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Unlike the other forts, Fort Daspoortrand was built by Leon Grunberg and Sam Leon. It thus differed from the other forts, being hexagonal instead of pentagonal and also markedly bigger. It was completed in November 1898 at a cost of GBP 46,500. Like the other forts, it had electricity, a telephone and running water.
 
Fort Daspoortrand was initially manned by twenty-five gunners and was aremedarmed with a [[155 mm Creusot Long Tom|155mm Creusot gun]] [[155 mm Creusot Long Tom|("Long Tom")]] and two 37 mm Maxim-Nordenfeldt cannons. As with the other forts, only one soldier and no guns were in the fort on 5 June 1900.
 
==British occupation of Pretoria==