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Qaimkhani

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Qaimkhani or Kaimkhani (Urdu: قائم خانى, Hindi: क़ायमख़ानी) is a Muslim Rajput clan that resides in Sindh and Punjab, Pakistan and Rajasthan, India.

Distribution

Qaimkhanis reside in rural areas of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh in India. Qaimkhanis are also to be found in Sindh and Punjab in Pakistan; the populations there being enhanced by migration during the partition.

In Pakistan, Karachi, Hathungo, Khipro, Samaro, Kot Ghulam Muhammad, Digri, Tando Jan Muhammad, Hyderabad, Mirpurkhas, Umar Kot, Tando Allahyar, Larkana, Jhudo, Naukot, Nawabshah, Naushahro Feroze, Multan, Bahawalpur and Mithankot all have large Qaim-Khani communities. Within India, the districts of Jahanjoot, Churu, Jhunjhunun, Sikar, Alwar, Jaipur, Bharatpur, Bikaner, Nagour, Ganganagar in Rajasthan, and Bhiwani, Mahendragarh and Hisar in Haryana have large Qaim-Khani populations.

History

Qaimkhanis are the descendants of Nawab Qaim Khan, born Karamchand, the son of Raja Motay Rai Chauhan, the ruler of Dorayra or Dadrewa (presently situated in the Churu district of Rajasthan).[1] Karamchand and his bothers were converted to Islam by Firuz Shah Tughlaq who named him Qaim Khan Urdu: نواب قائم خان , and his brothers Zainuddin Khan and Zabaruddin Khan.[2] The term qaimkhanis or qaim khanis applies not only to the descedants of Qaim Khan but also to the descendants of his brothers.[3] Qaim Khan become an Ameer of the Delhi Sultanate. Tuzk-e-Mehboobia of Sultan-e-Deccan Mir Mehboob Ali Khan mentions:

Nawab Qaim Khan embraced Islam in 754 Hijra. In 760 Hijra, Sultan Feroz Shah appointed him the Governor of Hisar Ferozah with the title of Khan-e-Jehan.[4]

Nawab Qaim Khan continued as the Governor of Hisar in the times of Muhammad bin Tughluq and Khizr Khan. Khizr Khan defeated Daulat Khan Lodhi, who was at the helm of the Delhi Sultanate for a year and three months, and imprisoned him under Qaim Khan at Hisar Ferozah. Later Khizr Khan developed differences with Qaim Khan. Khizr Khan was on a military campaign when he received the information that Ameers Qaim Khan, Ikhtiar Khan, and former members belonging to the court of Sultan Mahmud Shah Tughlaq were planning to dethrone him. Khizr Khan left the campaign and while returning to Delhi, invited Nawab Qaim Khan and the others to a meeting held on the banks of Jumna where they were murdered on 20th Jamadi-ul-Awal, 822 Hijra.[5] Tareekh-e-Farishta and Tarik-e-Tabqat-e-Akbari also corroborate this incident. It is believed[by whom?] that Qaim's body was then thrown in the river Jumna as his burial place is not mentioned in history. Khizr Khan went on to establish the Sayyid dynasty.

Nawab Qaim Khan had six sons, named Muhammad Khan, Taj Khan, Quttab Khan, Mohan Khan, Ikhtiar Khan, and Wahid Khan. During the life of the Nawab, Muhammad Khan lived in Hisar while Taj Khan and Quttub Khan ruled Tussam in Punjab. Mohan Khan and Ikhtiar Khan were the rulers of Fatehabad and Dhosi.

After the death of their father at the hands of Khizr Khan, they dispersed and chose to avoid confrontation with Hakim-e-Delhi (ruling power in Delhi). Taj Khan later became the Nawab of Hisar, ruling from 1420 - 1446 AD. After death of Taj Khan his eldest son Fateh Khan was made Nawab of Hisar but Bahlol Lodi expelled Fatehkhan from Hisar. Taj Khan's brother, Muhammad Khan was made Nawab of Hansi but he was also expelled. Fateh Khan and Muhammad Khan came to Shekhawati area of Rajasthan and established the states of Fatehpur and Jhunjhunu respectively.[6] Nawab Zainudin Khan and Nawab Jabeerudin Khan founded the states of Narhar, Barwasi, Jharo Dapti, and Kayad.

In the Mughal era, Nawab Alaf Khan - Nawab Of Fatehpur became the commander of Rajput forces in the army of Emperor Jahangir. According to Tuzk-e-Jahangiri, he conquered Qilla Of Kongrah and assisted in the battle of Deccan. He is considered as the most prominent personality after Qaim Khan.

Military Service

The British designated the Qaimkhanis as a martial race and recruited them into the British Indian Army, mainly in The Grenadiers infantry regiment and the various Cavalry regiments of the Indian Army. In post-independence India, the Qaimkhanis continued to serve in these regiments, but with reduced numbers. Currently, the 61st Cavalry Regiment of the Indian Armoured Corps, the only purely horse-mounted cavalry regiment in the modern world, has the highest number of Qaimkhani recruits.[citation needed]

Prominent Qaim Khani's

References

  1. ^ Muhnot nainsi ki khyat part-1 page 99
  2. ^ Dr Dasharatha Sharma: Qaimkhan Raso, page-1
  3. ^ Jhabarmal Sharma: Maru Bharat 1/3, page 5
  4. ^ Tuzk-e-Mehboobia, Volume II, Page No.189
  5. ^ Tarikh-e-Hindustan, Volume II by Maulvi Zaka-ullah Delhvi. Pages 294, 297 & 302.
  6. ^ Sahi Ram: Ek adhuri kranti, page 4-5
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