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Robert Norman Bland: Difference between revisions

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applying WP:MOS in regard to hyphenation: —> "23-year-old" [1 instance]—WP:MOS#Numbers (point 1)—WP:HYPHEN, sub-subsection 3, points 3 and 8
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When [[Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville]] was [[Secretary of State for the Colonies]] (9 December 1868 to 6 July 1870) competitive examinations were instituted for candidates between 20 and 23 years of age. [[Sir Frank Athelstane Swettenham]] was among the first Cadets to arrive at the Straits under this system which continued as it was until 1882. Swettenham's contemporaries, also arriving under this system included [[James Kortright Birch]], [[Charles Walter Sneyd-Kynnersley]], [[Arthur Philip Talbot]], [[Henry Arthur O'Brien]], [[Edward Charles Hepworth Hill]], [[Frederick Gordon Penney]], [[Edward Merewether|Edward Marsh Merewether]], and [[Walter Egerton]]. [[Ernest Woodford Birch]] also came out at this time but was excused the Cadet Examinnations, having been previously employed at the [[Colonial Office]] for some time. [[John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley]] served as Secretary of State for the Colonies twice, the first from 6 July 1870 to 17 February 1874 and then again 21 April 1880 to 16 December 1882. During the latter period open competition for entry to the service of the Straits Settlements, Hong Kong and Ceylon, was started. Those who were successful were allowed to choose among the available vacancies in these three places. They had to pass through the qualifying and then the advanced examination. It was under this system that Robert Norman Bland, William Evans, [[Reginald George Watson]], [[Arthur Warren Swete O'Sullivan]], [[James Oliver Anthonisz]], [[George Thompson Hare]], [[Edward Lewis Brockman]], and [[John Robert Innes]] entered the service of the Straits Settlements' Colonial Admnistration.<ref name=Nunn1911 /><ref>[Nunn 1911: 120-121]</ref>
 
Bland had prepared for his Eastern Cadetship Examination with the help of the [[Wren and Gurney]] College. He came out 2nd in the Examination. He was not alone. Making use of this same institution were Evans (3rd), Innes (2nd), Watson (2nd), Sullivan (4th) A. H. Capper (5th), and Francis Powell (1st)<ref>{{cite news|title=Army and Civil Service Examinations. --&mdash; Messrs Wren and Gurney Prepare Resident and Daily Students for all competitive examinations. |url=http://www.newspapers.com/clip/2500775//|newspaper=The Times [London]|date=25 August 1888|page=13|via = [[Newspapers.com]]|accessdate = 27 May 2015 }} {{Open access}}</ref>
 
== Cadetship ==