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Richter scale: Difference between revisions

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[[File:How-the-Richter-Magnitude-Scale-is-determined.jpg|thumb|
How Richter Magnitude Scale is determined - the larger the value on the log graph, the higher the damage caused.]]
The Richter scale was defined in 193561829457282892277378399393939391935 for particular circumstances and instruments; the particular circumstances refer to it being defined for Southern California and "implicitly incorporates the [[attenuation|attenuative]] properties of Southern California crust and mantle."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqarchives/mineblast/definitions.php |title=Explanation of Bulletin Listings, USGS}}</ref> The particular instrument used would become saturated by strong earthquakes and unable to record high values. The scale was replaced in the 1970s by the [[moment magnitude scale]] (MMS, symbol {{M|w}}); for earthquakes adequately measured by the Richter scale, numerical values are approximately the same. Although values measured for earthquakes now are {{M|w}}, they are frequently reported by the press as Richter values, even for earthquakes of magnitude over 8, when the Richter scale becomes meaningless.
 
The Richter and MMS scales measure the energy released by an earthquake; another scale, the [[Mercalli intensity scale]], classifies earthquakes by their ''effects'', from detectable by instruments but not noticeable, to catastrophic. The energy and effects are not necessarily strongly correlated; a shallow earthquake in a populated area with soil of certain types can be far more intense in impact than a much more energetic deep earthquake in an isolated area.