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=== Effectiveness and safety ===
When comparing people who use electronic cigarettes with nicotine to no treatment (or "usual treatment") for quitting smoking, a recent systematic review has found that: "there was high certainty that quit rates were higher in people randomized to nicotine EC than in those randomized to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)"<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD010216.pub7/full) | doi=10.1002/14651858.CD010216.pub7 | title=Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation | year=2022 | last1=Hartmann-Boyce | first1=Jamie | last2=Lindson | first2=Nicola | last3=Butler | first3=Ailsa R. | last4=McRobbie | first4=Hayden | last5=Bullen | first5=Chris | last6=Begh | first6=Rachna | last7=Theodoulou | first7=Annika | last8=Notley | first8=Caitlin | last9=Rigotti | first9=Nancy A. | last10=Turner | first10=Tari | last11=Fanshawe | first11=Thomas R. | last12=Hajek | first12=Peter | journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume=2023 | issue=2 | pmid=36384212 | s2cid=253578935 }}</ref>.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Hartmann-Boyce |first1=Jamie |last2=Lindson |first2=Nicola |last3=Butler |first3=Ailsa R. |last4=McRobbie |first4=Hayden |last5=Bullen |first5=Chris |last6=Begh |first6=Rachna |last7=Theodoulou |first7=Annika |last8=Notley |first8=Caitlin |last9=Rigotti |first9=Nancy A. |last10=Turner |first10=Tari |last11=Fanshawe |first11=Thomas R. |last12=Hajek |first12=Peter |date=2022-11-17 |title=Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=11 |issue=11 |pages=CD010216 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD010216.pub7 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=9668543 |pmid=36384212|pmc-embargo-date=November 17, 2023 }}</ref> When comparing electronic cigarettes with nicotine to electronic cigarettes without nicotine, those with nicotine may be more effective (moderate quality evidence).<ref name=":1" /> Research into the long term safety of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation is limited.<ref name=":1" />.However, England's Office for Health Improvement and Disparities have concluded that, in the short and medium term, vaping poses a small fraction of the risks of smoking. And that, while vaping is not risk-free, particularly for people who have never smoked there is significantly lower exposure to harmful substances from vaping compared with smoking, as shown by biomarkers associated with the risk of cancer, respiratory and cardiovascular conditions<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nicotine-vaping-in-england-2022-evidence-update/nicotine-vaping-in-england-2022-evidence-update-main-findings | title=Nicotine vaping in England: 2022 evidence update main findings }}</ref>. And, in an effort to [[tobacco control movement|decrease tobacco related death and disease]], e-cigarettes appear to have a potential to be part of the strategy.<ref name="Cahn2011">{{cite journal |last1=M. |first1=Z. |last2=Siegel |first2=M |date=February 2011 |title=Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy for tobacco control: a step forward or a repeat of past mistakes? |journal=Journal of Public Health Policy |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=16–31 |doi=10.1057/jphp.2010.41 |pmid=21150942 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
=== Types ===
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